大学英语四级分类模拟题352及答案解析.doc
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1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 352及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数:0,分数:0.00)Some fish can swim in water below 0, low enough to freeze the blood of most creatures. However, some fish and insects can stay alive in the freezing water. One key to survival is a special protein in the fish“s blood. The
2、 chemical is called the Antifreeze Protein, otherwise known as AFP and is commonly found in fish that live in cold waters. What does AFP do in these fish? First, we need to understand what happens when water freezes. When the temperature of the water drops below-1.0, tiny particles of ice start form
3、ing in the water. Each particle becomes larger and then sticks to other particles, forming blocks of ice. Fish take in this water and tiny particles of ice also form inside a fish“s body. However, the AFP in the blood of the fish surrounds these particles, preventing them from sticking together to f
4、orm bigger pieces of ice. The application of AFP is promising. For example, AFP can be used to alter the taste and texture of ice-cream. It can also be used to store meat and vegetables more effectively by protecting food products from the formation of ice. Another application is in medical field, a
5、s AFP can help preserve organs for transplantation without freezing them. Scientists have known about AFP for more than 30 years, yet few of the technologies that use the AFP exist today. The process of getting the necessary amount of AFP from fish to make products was only recently discovered. Some
6、 companies in the United States and Canada have already made products using AFP, but they have yet to become popular. Although some researchers in Japan discovered that some local fish contained AFP and succeeded in creating AFP in the laboratory, more research is necessary. AFP tests will continue
7、for these fish out of the water.(分数:10.00)(1).The Antifreeze Protein _.(分数:2.00)A.is a kind of protein that many fish have stored in their bodiesB.is found in certain fish that live in extremely cold waterC.increases the freezing process of water in the oceanD.is the key to finding the location of f
8、ish in cold regions(2).How does AFP work?(分数:2.00)A.It covers the small ice particles so that they remain separated from each other.B.It turns ice back into water by breaking down ice piece by piece.C.It allows the fish to find places in the ocean that have warmer temperatures.D.It forms a protectiv
9、e layer around the fish“s body, keeping it warmer.(3).Why is AFP not widely used?(分数:2.00)A.It is only found in the blood offish that lives in colder seas.B.The technology to utilize AFP has yet to be improved upon.C.The protein will not be safe for another 30 years.D.Countries such as Canada and Ja
10、pan want to do more research first.(4).What can AFP possibly do in the future?(分数:2.00)A.Make fresh fruits and vegetables taste better.B.Protect dried meat from being damaged by ice.C.Keep meat and vegetables from going bad.D.Help doctors freeze organs for transplantation.(5).Which of the following
11、statements is true?(分数:2.00)A.AFP was discovered more than three centuries ago.B.Few scientists are interested in continuing research on AFP.C.AFP can raise the temperature of any liquid.D.Scientists are thinking of a variety of ways to use AFP.Until the invention of the modern washing machine, most
12、 people washed their clothes by hand. In the 20th century, however, washing machine became common, and washing clothes became much easier. Washing machines, though, have some serious disadvantages. One is that they need a great deal of clean water. Another is that, in many countries, hot water is us
13、ed in the machines. This consumes a lot of energy. In the United Kingdom, for example, about one-third of household energy is used for heating water, including that used to wash clothes. Now, a British company has invented a washing machine that solves these problems by using small plastic beads to
14、absorb dirt and clean the clothes. First, a little water is added to the clothes to get them wet. Then, the beads are mixed with the clothes until they have taken away all the dirt and stains. When the process is over, the little beads are removed by the machine, and the clothes are left almost dry.
15、 Because the beads can be used over and over, the machine costs very little to operate. The new machine is based on the research of Stephen Burkinshaw, a chemist at the University of Leeds in the U.K. For a long time, Burkinshaw has been studying ways to make plastic materials a different color. A f
16、ew years ago, he noticed that many kinds of plastic, especially nylon, attract dirt in warm and wet conditions, the surface of the nylon remains clean. For this reason, beads made of nylon can be used repeatedly until they are completely full of dirt. The new washing machine can save households a gr
17、eat deal of the money they spend on water and energy. At the same time, the machines are very good for the environment. The United States, for example, uses 1.25 billion metric tons of water on washing clothes every year. If the new machines were adopted there, 90 percent of this water could be save
18、d. The saving of electricity, meanwhile, would help decrease the amount of carbon dioxide produced by power plants. For these reasons, the company is hoping that its new “waterless“ washing machines will be widely used in the future.(分数:10.00)(1).What is one problem with the washing machines used in
19、 many countries?(分数:2.00)A.Many people de not have enough money to buy one.B.They consume one-third of the water used in homes.C.A lot of energy is required to heat the water they use.D.They do not get clothes as clean as washing by hand.(2).The small plastic beads used by the new washing machine _.
20、(分数:2.00)A.are separated from the clothes when the cleaning process has finishedB.contain enough water and energy to wash the clothesC.stop the clothes from being damaged while they are being washedD.must be taken out to be cleaned each time the machine is used(3).What did Stephen Burkinshaw learn a
21、bout nylon?(分数:2.00)A.It absorbs dirt from other objects in certain conditions.B.It causes other plastic objects to stick to wet clothes.C.It can be made into clothes that can be washed very easily.D.It changes color when it comes into contact with dirty clothes.(4).What is one reason the new washin
22、g machines may be good for the environment?(分数:2.00)A.People who use them would wash their clothes less often.B.They could reduce the amount of carbon dioxide being released.C.The plastic beads from them can be used for other purposes.D.The water in them is recycled over and over until it is dirty.(
23、5).Which of the following statements is true?(分数:2.00)A.Burkinshaw“s research has already helped the United States to save a lot of water.B.Burkinshaw“s research was originally about ways to change the color of plastic materials.C.The new machines can wash clothes more quickly than ordinary washing
24、machines.D.The new machines are better at washing nylon clothes than those made from other materials.A very interesting and important development in science is a device called laser. A laser is a machine which produces a light beam. The light produced by a laser is a very special kind of light. The
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