大学英语四级-121及答案解析.doc

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1、大学英语四级-121 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：100.00)For the employee, being placed in a position that is comfortable and meets expectations will make the job less stressful and allow a more positive outlook toward responsibilities. It beats the alternative, as going to a job

2、 that you are unhappy with could lead to fatigue, burn out, depression and stress. This affects more than just your 9-to-5 routineit can hurt your family relationships, diminish friendships, and even make you turn to addictive and destructive behaviors like alcohol or drugs. The US Department of Lab

3、or suggests that jobseekers prepare for an employment search by understanding themselves and being honest about what they want and expect. Make a list of things you like to do, examine your history and evaluate the jobs and classes you enjoyed the most and why, look over your resume and see what dut

4、ies your past jobs included, and be honest about what is appealing to you about the particular position you are considering. “I do believe that understanding yourself and your personality type preferences can make all the difference when it comes to finding a career that you love,“ says Roberts, a c

5、ertified career management coach with CareerMasters in Maine. The Labor Department offers several simplified recommendations created for high school students: If you are good at math, then look toward occupations like statistician, engineer, surveyor or actuary (保险精算师). If you love to read or write,

6、 consider becoming a librarian, desktop publisher, writer or administrative assistant. Music and arts lovers should look into acting, visual arts, music or design work. Students who enjoyed social studies can become politicians, urban planners, historians or human resource assistants. Other consider

7、ations that might be significant: Do you enjoy helping people, working with your hands, or interacting with nature? Is it your preference to work alone or in a group? Employees who are unhappy with their current positions, don“t like their work environment, feel underappreciated, or believe there is

8、 no room for advancement, owe it to themselves to consider whether changing careers is a practical alternative. “Looking back and analyzing their current situation and the career path they have followed is essential to making good career decisions in the future,“ Roberts explains.（分数：25.00）(1).Accor

9、ding to the second paragraph, “the alternative“ most probably refers to _.（分数：5.00）A.encouraging the employee by means of promotionB.giving the employee chances for further studiesC.placing the employee in an unhappy positionD.criticizing the employee without reason(2).What do we know about Roberts?

10、（分数：5.00）A.He has got a master“s degree in career management.B.He works for the US Department of Labor.C.He helps jobseekers with practical guidance.D.He has earned a good name for his outstanding work.(3).The Labor Department suggests that, when high school students are looking for a job, they shou

11、ld first（分数：5.00）A.prepare an impressive resumeB.examine their past occupationsC.have some working experienceD.consider their own preference(4).As it is mentioned in the passage, when one is unhappy with his current position, he had better _.（分数：5.00）A.consult a career management coachB.think over t

12、he feasibility of changing careerC.switch to a more promising job immediatelyD.look back on the past career path(5).The passage is most probably intended for _.（分数：5.00）A.jobseekersB.employersC.recent graduatesD.tired employeesAs medical evidence mounts that we are indeed what we eat, consuming a he

13、althier diet has become almost a national passion in the United States. The food-for-fitness phenomenon began in the late “70s when a U.S. Senate committee on nutrition reached grim conclusion that six out of the ten leading causes of deathsuch as heart disease, cancer, and strokemight be linked to

14、diet. The government issued dietary guidelines advising Americans to eat a variety of foods, maintain proper weight, and limit intake of fat, salt, sugar, and alcohol. For most Americans, what to eat is a matter of personal choice, rather than one of supply. An excellent nationwide food distribution

15、 system assures that fresh produce is readily available in all parts of the country, regardless of the season. Taking advantage of this abundance, many people are forsaking traditional meat-and-potatoes and in favor of lighter meals of salads, fruits, and vegetables. The single most dramatic change

16、in the American diet has been a reduction in consumption of animal fat, which is thought to increase the risk of heart disease and may contribute to the high U.S. incidence of breast and colon cancer. Margarine and vegetable oils have replace butter and lard in many homes, and half of all milk now d

17、runk in the United States is low-fat. Fish and poultry are increasingly popular sources of protein as consumption of red meat declines. The food industry has responded to concern about fat by producing leaner cuts of meat and cholesterol-free substitutes for eggs. One of the most significant trends

18、in the American way of eating is the healthful change in restaurant food. “One of every two meals in the United States is eaten outside the home,“ says Donna Watson, President of the American Dietetic Association. “Restaurants are malting special efforts to provide low-fat, low-salt, and low-calorie

19、 items.“ Salad bars, loaded with fresh greens and raw fruits and vegetables, are found everywhere, even along-side the burgers and French fries in fast-food restaurants. Most important, the focus on prudent diet has led to an unprecedented national quest for a healthier life style. Americans are smo

20、king less, exercising more, and experimenting with new ways to conquer stress. Eating sensibly, they have discovered, is only one important route to good health.（分数：25.00）(1).It is suggested in the dietary guidelines that _.（分数：5.00）A.six leading causes of death might be linked to dietB.fat and alco

21、hol should be taken as little as possibleC.eating diverse foods helps maintain proper weightD.sugar and salt should be taken in restricted amount(2).Many Americans no longer maintain the meat-and-potatoes diet because _.（分数：5.00）A.salads, fruits, and vegetables are more easily preparedB.there is a r

22、ich supply of diverse foodsC.such diet is not as healthy as salads, fruits and vegetablesD.diverse foods vary with seasons(3).What can be a way to decrease the consumption of animal fat?（分数：5.00）A.Using less butter when cooking soup.B.Drinking more milk at breakfast.C.Eating more fish or poultry at

23、dinner.D.Having two eggs at most daily.(4).What is the author“s attitude towards restaurant food?（分数：5.00）A.Optimistic.B.Impersonal.C.Enthusiastic.D.Anxious.(5).A nationwide pursuit of a healthier life style began when the American realized _.（分数：5.00）A.the disadvantages of smokingB.the advantages o

24、f exercisingC.the advantages of prudent dietD.the disadvantages of stressFoxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisonin

25、g them. Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox, they kill it or a hunte

26、r shoots it. People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport; they wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy. It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch o

27、r take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people opposed to fox hunting, because they think it is brutal (残酷的), has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of confrontation (冲突) between hunters and hunt saboteurs (阻拦者). Sometime

28、s these incidents lead to violence, but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the fox“s smell, which the dogs follow. Noisy confrontations between hunters and saboteurs have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pur

29、suit of foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A Labour Party member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild ani

30、mals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain.（分数：25.00）(1).Rich people in Britain have been hunting foxes _.（分数：5.00）A.for recreationB.in the interests of the farmersC.to limit the fox populationD.to show off their wealth(2).What is special about fox hunting in Britain?（分数：5.00）A.It in

31、volves the use of a deadly poison.B.It is a costly event which rarely occurs.C.The hunters have set rules to follow.D.The hunters have to go through strict training.(3).Fox hunting opponents often interfere in the game _.（分数：5.00）A.by resorting to violenceB.by confusing the fox huntersC.by taking le

32、gal actionD.by demonstrating on the scene(4).A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to _.（分数：5.00）A.prohibit farmers from hunting foxesB.forbid hunting foxes with dogsC.stop hunting wild animals in the countrysideD.prevent large-scale fox hunting(5).It can be inferred from the passage tha

33、t _.（分数：5.00）A.killing foxes with poison is illegalB.limiting the fox population is unnecessaryC.hunting foxes with dogs is considered cruel and violentD.fox-hunting often leads to confrontation between the poor and the richA new study suggests that the more teenagers watch television, the more like

34、ly they are to develop depression as young adults. But the extent to which TV may or may not be to blame is a question that the study leaves unanswered. The researchers used a national long-term survey of adolescent health to investigate the relationship between media use and depression. They based

35、their findings on more than 4,000 adolescents who were not depressed when the survey began in 1995. As part of the survey, the young people were asked how many hours of television or Videos they watched daily. They were also asked how often they played computer games and listened to the radio. Media

36、 use totaled an average of 5 and one-half hours a day. More than 2 hours of that was spent watching TV. 7 years later, in 2002, more than 7 percent of the young people had signs of depression. The average age at that time was 21. Brian Primack at the University of Pittsburgh medical school was the l

37、ead author of the new study. He says every extra hour of television meant an 8 percent increase in the chances of developing signs of depression. The researchers say they did not find any such relationship with the use of other media such as movies, Video games or radio. But the study did find that

38、young men were more likely than young women to develop depression given the same amount of media use. Doctor Primack says the study did not explore why watching TV causes depression. But one possibility, he says, is that it may take time away from activities that could help prevent depression, like

39、sports and socializing. It might also interfere with sleep, he says, and that could have an influence. The study was just published in the Archives of General Psychiatry. In December, the journal Social Indicators Research published a study of activities that help lead to happy lives. Sociologists f

40、rom the University of Maryland found that people who describe themselves as happy spend less time watching television than unhappy people. The study found that happy people are more likely to be socially active, to read, attend religious services and to vote.（分数：25.00）(1).According to the first para

41、graph, what remains unsolved in the new study?（分数：5.00）A.Who is more likely to be influenced by TV.B.How teenagers are depressed by TV.C.Whether teenagers are influenced by TV.D.What should be done to help the teenagers.(2).The more than 4,000 adolescents were chosen as the subjects of the study bec

42、ause they _.（分数：5.00）A.were free from depressionB.were keen on using the mediaC.attached much importance to their healthD.could afford the time for the long-term survey(3).What can be inferred from the seventh paragraph?（分数：5.00）A.Depression is not related to the use of other media than TV.B.Every e

43、xtra hour of media uses increases the chance of depression.C.Longer use of media other than TV doesn“t increase the chance of depression.D.The influence of movies, video games and radio on depression varies respectively.(4).In the last sentence of the eighth paragraph, “It“ refers to _.（分数：5.00）A.de

44、pressionB.watching TVC.lack of activitiesD.the result of the study(5).The study done by the sociologists from the University of Maryland was mainly intended to _.（分数：5.00）A.tell the difference between happy and unhappy peopleB.prove the relationship between TV and depressionC.stress the importance o

45、f being socially activeD.provide a happy recipe for all people大学英语四级-121 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：100.00)For the employee, being placed in a position that is comfortable and meets expectations will make the job less stressful and allow a more positive outlook toward

46、responsibilities. It beats the alternative, as going to a job that you are unhappy with could lead to fatigue, burn out, depression and stress. This affects more than just your 9-to-5 routineit can hurt your family relationships, diminish friendships, and even make you turn to addictive and destruct

47、ive behaviors like alcohol or drugs. The US Department of Labor suggests that jobseekers prepare for an employment search by understanding themselves and being honest about what they want and expect. Make a list of things you like to do, examine your history and evaluate the jobs and classes you enj

48、oyed the most and why, look over your resume and see what duties your past jobs included, and be honest about what is appealing to you about the particular position you are considering. “I do believe that understanding yourself and your personality type preferences can make all the difference when i

49、t comes to finding a career that you love,“ says Roberts, a certified career management coach with CareerMasters in Maine. The Labor Department offers several simplified recommendations created for high school students: If you are good at math, then look toward occupations like statistician, engineer, surveyor or actuary (保险精算师). If you love to read or write, consider becoming a librarian, desktop publisher, writer or administrative assistant. Music and arts lovers should look into acting, visual arts, music or design work. S