大学四级-1799及答案解析.doc

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1、大学四级-1799 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of education in “Chinese mom“ style and then explain why this style of educa

2、tion is inadvisable. You should write at least 120 words and no more than 180 word.（分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：4，分数：106.50)(1).A. They will go to the airport.B. They will go to the bus stop.C. They will go to the train station,D. They will go to the subway station.

3、（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. In a restaurant. B. At a post office.C. In a supermarket. D. At a travel agent.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Because he has a bad back.B. Because he has a headache.C. Because he has a toothache.D. Because he has a stomachache.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. They are talking about the subwa

4、y project.B. They are talking about the changes of their city.C. They are talking about the plan of a new bus line.D. They are talking about how to improve the transport system of their city.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(5).A. He asks the woman to peel the vegetables.B. He asks the woman to wash the vegetables.

5、C. He asks the woman to cook the vegetables.D. He asks the woman to chop the vegetables.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(1).A. Pork. B. Beef.C. Fish. D. Chicken.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. They are talking about a TV program.B. They are talking about the rules of sports.C. They are talking about swimming in the pool.D

6、. They are talking about having a game of pool.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Running a business is very easy.B. The woman is a CEO of one company.C. The man is an expert about running business.D. When running a business, one should try to keep costs down and revenues high.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(1).A. He thinks

7、 that people get their personalities from their peers.B. He thinks that people get their personalities from their parents.C. He thinks that people get their personalities from school education.D. He thinks that people get their personalities from the environment they live in.（分数：7.10）_(2).A. The TV.

8、 B. The radio.C. The internet. D. The newspapers.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Hes very hardworking at school.B. He does his homework before dinner.C. He does not like talking with his parents.D. After dinner, he goes out with his friends.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(1).A. It is a food brand.B. It is a famous sight

9、spot.C. It is a kind of vegetable.D. It is the name of a restaurant.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. All the wines are hand-made.B. There is a good range of wine prices.C. The wines are from all over the world.D. The Australian red wine tastes delicious.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Fish. B. Crabs.C. Shrimp. D. Lo

10、bster.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Because the oysters may not be fresh.B. Because the oysters are very expensive.C. Because the oysters are not so delicious.D. Because the oysters are not easy to digest.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：21.30)(1).A. The ways to invest.B.

11、The ways to save money.C. The tips to be a successful person.D. Mistakes one should avoid about investment.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Failing to save. B. Not diversifying.C. Trying to get rich quickly. D. Putting eggs in different baskets.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Chasing fads.B. Taking “hot“ tips.C. Buy

12、ing penny stocks.D. Buying country fund.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：21.30)(1).A. Stress. B. Smoking.C. Lack of sleep. D. Ultraviolet light.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Frog and pig. B. Pig and human.C. Pig and mouse. D. Mouse and human.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Exercise. B. Red wine.C. Green te

13、a. D. White coffee.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：28.40)(1).A. Going green is helpful for the environment.B. Going green is helpful for the environment.C. Office buildings account for a major portion of the planets carbon footprint.D. Consumers dont care about whether the product is good

14、for the environment.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Canada.B. America.C. Australia.D. Germany.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Planting trees.B. Saving energy.C. Going electronic.D. Conserving Water.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Walking.B. Car-pooling.C. Taking public transit.D. Driving cars only on the weekend.（分数：7.10）A

15、.B.C.D.八、Section C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Scientists have long noted that the major difference between modem humans and other apes, like chimps, is our (26) of an oversize, energy-hungry brain. It was the development of that brain that drove the evolution of our early human (27) away from an apelike ancesto

16、r, starting roughly six million years ago. But the question of just why and how we (28) such big brains, which consume 20 percent of our energy, has long bedeviled science.“A major difference in muscular strength between humans and nonhuman primates provide one possible (29) ,“ suggests a new study.

17、 The study, (30) Tuesday in the journal PLoS Biology, looked at how rapidly the metabolic needs of various organs, (31) our brains to our kidneys, have evolved. Some scientists have suggested that the rapidly evolving metabolism of the human gut, for example, drove the brains evolution. Instead, the

18、 new study suggests that muscles and brains have essentially (32) their energy use.The researchers found that in the last six million years, people have evolved weaker muscles much more rapidlyeight times fasterthan (33) our body changed.Our early ancestors likely possessed apelike strength, at leas

19、t for the skeletal muscles analyzed in the new study. Today our brawn is much (34) , while other body tissues, like kidneys, have remained (35) unchanged over millions of years. Over the same time period, the brain evolved four times faster than the rest of the body.（分数：71.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空

20、项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_九、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Electronic cigarettes will face new (36) in the US, the US Food and Drug Administration (37) yesterday. These will include curbs on sales to minors and distribution of free samples, as well a

21、s provisions forcing manufacturers to place health warnings on packaging.The long-awaited proposalswhich also demand that the manufacturers should disclose all the ingredients in details and make claims of (38) risk only if scientifically validatedare less stringent 严厉的) than the Europe legislations

22、 voted on in February. (39) the proposed restrictions doing nothing to control advertising or curbing the sale of flavored products with names such as “Very Berrylicious“, (40) of e-cigarettes claim that they are more (41) and scientific than the EU rules.“This is much less onerous than the European

23、 Tobacco Products directive,“ says Gerry Stimson, a UK consultant who supports “least harm“ solutions to health problems. “It is clear that the FDA process, (42) the EU, follows the science, but this is just a first step and the regulatory process could take years, during which the products and the

24、market will develop.“The proposals will likely (43) further debate for and against e-cigarettes, which can resemble real cigarettes but contain no tobacco, only a vaporized form of pure nicotine that users breathe in and out.Backers of e-cigarettes say they have great (44) to help hardened smokers q

25、uit or cut down, because unlike other nicotine replacement products, they closely (45) cigarettes, both in appearance and use.A. popular B. restrictions C. potential D. importance E. despiteF. provoke G. announced H. like I. resemble J. proponentsK. maintain L. pragmatic M. claim N. reduced O. unlik

26、e（分数：35.50）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The End of FoodHas a tech entrepreneur come up with a product to replace our meals?A. In December of 2012, three young men were living in a claustrophobic (患幽闭恐惧症的) apartment in San Francisco

27、s Tenderloin district, working on a technology startup. They had received a hundred and seventy thousand dollars from the incubator Y Combinator, but their projecta plan to make inexpensive cell-phone towershad failed. Down to their last seventy thousand dollars, they resolved to keep trying out new

28、 software ideas until they ran out of money. But how to make the funds last? Rent was a sunk cost. Since they were working frantically, they already had no social life. As they examined their budget, one big problem remained: food.B. They had been living mostly on ramen, corn dogs, and Costco frozen

29、 quesadillassupplemented by Vitamin C tablets, to stave off scurvy (坏血病)but the grocery bills were still adding up. Rob Rhinehart, one of the entrepreneurs, began to resent the fact that he had to eat at all. “Food was such a large burden,“ he told me recently. “It was also the time and the hassle.

30、We had a very small kitchen, and no dishwasher.“ He tried out his own version of “Super Size Me,“ living on McDonalds dollar meals and five-dollar pizzas from Little Caesars. But after a week, he said, “I felt like I was going to die.“ Kale was all the rageand cheapso next he tried an all-kale diet.

31、 But that did not work, either. “I was starving,“ he said.C. Rhinehart, who is twenty-five, studied electrical engineering at Georgia Tech, and he began to consider food as an engineering problem. “You need amino acids (氨基酸) and lipids, not milk itself,“ he said. “You need carbohydrates (碳水化合物), not

32、 bread.“ Fruits and vegetables provide essential vitamins and minerals, but theyre “mostly water.“ He began to think that food was an inefficient way of getting what he needed to survive. “It just seemed like a system thats too complex and too expensive and too fragile,“ he told me.D. What if he wen

33、t straight to the raw chemical components? He took a break from experimenting with software and studied textbooks on nutritional biochemistry and the Web sites of the F.D.A., the U.S.D.A., and the Institute of Medicine. Eventually, Rhinehart compiled a list of thirty-five nutrients required for surv

34、ival. Then, instead of heading to the grocery store, he ordered them off the Internetmostly in powder or pill formand poured everything into a blender, with some water. The result, a slurry of chemicals, looked like gooey lemonade. Then, he told me, “I started living on it.“E. Rhinehart called his p

35、otion Soylent, which, for most people, evokes the 1973 science-fiction film “Soylent Green,“ starring Charlton Heston. The movie is set in a dystopian future where, because of overpopulation and pollution, people live on mysterious wafers called Soylent Green. The film ends with the ghastly revelati

36、on that Soylent Green is made from human flesh.F. Rhineharts roommates were skeptical. One told me, “It seemed pretty weird.“ They kept shopping at Costco. After a month, Rhinehart published the results of his experiment in a blog post, titled “How I Stopped Eating Food.“ The post has a “Eureka!“ to

37、ne. The chemical potion, Rhinehart reported, was “delicious! I felt like Id just had the best breakfast of my life.“ Drinking Soylent was saving him time and money: his food costs had dropped from four hundred and seventy dollars a month to fifty. And physically, he wrote, “I feel like the six milli

38、on dollar man. My physique has noticeably improved, my skin is clearer, my teeth whiter, my hair thicker and my dandruff gone.“ He concluded, “I havent eaten a bite of food in thirty days, and its changed my life.“ In a few weeks, his blog post was at the top of Hacker Newsa water cooler for the tec

39、h industry. Reactions were polarized. “RIP Rob,“ a comment on Rhineharts blog read. But other people asked for his formula, which, in the spirit of the “open source“ movement, he posted online.G. One of Silicon Valleys cultural exports in the past ten years has been the concept of “life hacking“: de

40、vising tricks to streamline the obligations of daily life, thereby freeing yourself up for whatever youd rather be doing. Rhineharts “future food“ seemed a clever work-around. Lifehackers everywhere began to test it out, and then to make their own versions. Soon commenters on Reddit were sparring ab

41、out the appropriate dose of calcium-magnesium powder. After three months, Rhinehart said, he realized that his mixture had the makings of a company: “It provided more value to my life than any app.“ He and his roommates put aside their software ideas, and got into the synthetic-food business.H. To a

42、ttract funding, Rhinehart and his roommates turned to the Internet: they set up a crowd-funding campaign in which people could receive a weeks supply of manufactured Soylent for sixty-five dollars. They started with a fund-raising goal of a hundred thousand dollars, which they hoped to raise in a mo

43、nth. But when they opened up to donations, Rhinehart says, “we got that in two hours.“ Last week, the first thirty thousand units of commercially made Soylent were shipped out to customers across America. In addition to the crowd-funding money, its production was financed by Silicon Valley venture c

44、apitalists, including Y Combinator and the blue-chip investment firm Andreessen Horowitz, which contributed a million dollars.I. Soylent has been heralded by the press as “the end of food,“ which is a somewhat bleak prospect. It conjures up visions of a world devoid of pizza parlors and taco standso

45、ur kitchens stocked with beige powder instead of banana bread, our spaghetti nights and ice-cream socials replaced by evenings sipping sludge.J. But, Rhinehart says, thats not exactly his vision. “Most of peoples meals are forgotten,“ he told me. He imagines that, in the future, “well see a separati

46、on between our meals for utility and function, and our meals for experience and socialization.“ Soylent isnt coming for our Sunday potlucks. Its coming for our frozen quesadillas.（分数：71.00）(1).What will be the consequence of his direct study of raw chemical components?（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(2).What we rea

47、lly need for survival is the nutritional elements of food instead of the food itself.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(3).The concept of life hacking is to encourage people to live reasonably and to be yourself.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(4).Soylent is not prepared for our Sunday potlucks, but an alternative options for junk food.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(5).Rent is definitely a cost you paid without the possibility of regain.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(6).I feel that I have become a man who could not be better than before in physical condition.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(7).Soylent has pre