大学四级-108及答案解析.doc

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1、大学四级-108 及答案解析(总分：424.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.B A Motivation Speech/B 1大学新生应尽早订立明确的学习与人生目标 2确立目标的重要性 3如何订立远大、合理的目标（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：10.00)B Healthy Returns in India/BGrowth in India has been racing along at an annual 30 per cent rate over the last decade,

2、compared to a global average of 20 per cent. This is at a time when the nations gross domestic product growth averaged 6 to 8 per cent. As lifestyles change, seemingly by the day, sports and fitness have gradually entered into the Indian consciousness as businesses are discovering.There is no need f

3、or a one-size-fits-all strategy in Indias healthy sports industry, says David Huang, founder of the Hong Kong-based Asian Academy for Sports and Fitness Professionals. The diverse economic and cultural conditions across many regions ensure that all fitness enthusiasts can find their place, from trad

4、itional Indian martial arts to modem Latin dance, and from yoga(瑜珈) to extreme sports, he says.BHealth clubs/BThe fitness segment is a key component of the sports industry, accounting for about a third of the US 15 billion spent annually. Health clubs, which poured about two-thirds of the money into

5、 fitness, are increasing at an astonishing rate; there are about 100,000 registered around the country. Most of them target to high-income earners between 18 and 50 who are eager to pursue a healthy and fashionable lifestyle.New Delhis first private fitness club, Nirvana, was set up in 2001, It now

6、has five outlets throughout the capital, and two of them franchised(特许的). It plans to open another in the city and one in Bombay, a coastal city in Midwest India. Nirvana president says about 22,000 club members regularly work out. Its flagship(旗舰店) gym occupies 3,000 square meters and is located ne

7、ar a group of high-grade office buildings. It is usually packed to full capacity with about 800 fitness enthusiasts most evenings. Kelly Fan, 25, spends two hours three times a week at Nirvana. She pays US 679 for an annual membership. Thats; equivalent to her monthly salary. Its worth it, she says,

8、 because “health is priceless.“The largest overseas-funded fitness chain is CSI-Bally Total Club, which was launched in May 2002 and currently operates 13 outlets across India. “We plan to open 10 to 15 new clubs nationwide this year,“ says board chairman of the gym. Sources close to the chain say m

9、embership growth is estimated at 100 to 200 per cent annually.BResearch on Fitness Spending /BA survey by well-known market research and consulting firm Horizon indicates that spots spending in six major cities stood at US 64 per capita in 2003, with New Delhi ranked first at US 110.The primary reas

10、on to go on a fitness regimen(养生法)is to stay healthy, said 71 per cent of respondents in the survey, which covered 1,639 people aged between 18 and 60 in New Delhi, Dacca; Calcutta and Bombay. not all health clubs are restricted to downtown areas, rich suburbs or relatively well-heeled consumers. Th

11、ere are many community sports clubs catering to urban neighborhoods and charging US 123 to US 185.Rossi, 28, who worked as instructor for about seven years at foreign-funded fitness chain Bodywork-impulse, started her own fitness centre in July, in cooperation with a residential community neighborin

12、g Bombay University. “With my professional experience at Bodywork-impulse and the affordable prices for middle-income earners, running the fitness centre is not difficult,“ Rossi tells India Business Weekly confidently, adding that expansion to other communities is under consideration.Research by In

13、dia Sports Industry International, one of the countrys pioneer sports operation and marketing consulting companies, found that annual sports spending by Indian consumers is less than US 12 per capita, in comparison with US 300 -500 in the United States and advanced European nations.BLack of Qualifie

14、d Instructors /BThe contrast and the great potential explain why people with experience and expertise are keen to cash in on the market, says Jyoti Randhawa, director of the marketing office belonged to the New Delhi Bureau of Sport. Quite a few international brands, including US-based Bally Total,

15、Bodywork-impulse, Power House, and Hong Kangs Haosba, have an established presence. Whether foreign or domestic, one challenge health clubs face is a Shortage of qualified instructors and experienced managers. Araby, who graduated from New Delhi Sport University, says that when she was a student, sh

16、e and her classmates often worked as port-time trainers in the capitals fitness centers. “Even now, some of them who have unrelated jobs still do part-time work or act as private consultants, either because of money or personal interest,“ she says.The money isnt bad. Instructors are typically gradua

17、tes or veteran and former professional athletes make between US 370 and US 741. This is much higher than the average income of less than US 123 per capita in major cities.They simply cant make up the numbers, however. Health club operators claim that the“ right people“ qualified instructors with ser

18、vice-awareness, consultants or managerial talent-are hard to find. BGovernment Support and Promotion/BIn 2002, the India Body Building Association issued the Body Building Professionals Grading Regulations to classify fitness coaches into four categories in line with their professional education bac

19、kground and experience.“However, even in New Delhi, there are only about 1,000 certified professionals. compared with about 20,000 trainers excluding part-timers in various fitness centers,“ says Hart, attributing the shortage to poor promotion and inadequate government support.This year, the Minist

20、ry of Labor and Social Security and the General Administration of Sport are jointly promoting the Specific Sports Professional Qualification Certification Program. The national standard system will be a forced employment requirement for. fitness coaches. The measure will also help Indias fitness ind

21、ustry keep up with the international market and should attract foreign client or facilitate overseas expansion.These professional certifications have been around in developed nations for decades. Certificates of the US National Academy of Sports Medicine and Finland-based Federation of International

22、 Sports Aerobics and Fitness are the most internationally recognized.BChallenge/BHowever, the industry also faces another challenge.Weights and dull tasks are apparently, not enough to keep people interested. Health clubs intended for high-in-come consumers are increasingly incorporating yoga, Latin

23、 draining and so on to keep the cash register ringing.Customers at such health clubs are not just looking to keep fit. They also want entertainment and comfort, insiders say. Instructors need to be professionally qualified, have sound communication skills, and be able to provide tailored services.Ni

24、rvana points out that personnel with professional knowledge and managing skills is even tougher than finding qualified instructors. CSI-Bally Total Fitness Club. Co. Ltd. , a joint venture between US-based Bally Total Fitness and India Sports Industry Co. Ltd. , a Bombay-listed State-owned sports co

25、nglomerate (联合企业) , faces similar headaches, acknowledges Jun Cato, director of business .development.To fill the vacancy, sports universities in cities such as New Delhi, Calcutta, and Bombay have opened the sports management department in recent years. Officials say their graduates are highly soug

26、ht.（分数：10.00）(1).The passage is mainly about the mass progress and present trouble of healthy sport industry in India.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).As Indians are getting richer they would like to pay much more money on fitness as to follow the popularity.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Nirvanas flagship gym is usually f

27、illed to full capacity with about 800 fitness enthusiasts most weekends.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The clubs of CSI - Bally grow at an estimated speed of one to two times every year in India.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Not all health clubs are opened in downtown areas or rich suburbs,（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).India Spor

28、ts Industry Internationals research showed that annual sports spending in the U.S. is about 30 to 50 times more than that in India.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Few international brands, including Bally Total, Bodywork-impulse, Power House, and Hong Kongs Haosha run well in India.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Fitness c

29、oaches are classified into four categories in accord with their professional_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(9).The Program will help Indias fitness industry keep up with international market and speed up its_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(10).As Nirvana says, a person both as a sport professor and as an experienced manager i

30、s harder to obtain than_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BSection A/B(总题数：3，分数：105.00)（分数：21.00）(1). A. Because she thinks theres no way anyone else could fit on, B. Because she thinks that 20 minutes late for a train is pretty standard. C. Because she finds that its hard to find th

31、e commuting. D. Because she was shocked by the complicated schedules.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Read a book. B. Play Game Boy. C. Listen to music. D. Chat with others.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Because she may lose her belongings. B. Because she may miss the stop. C. Because its harmful to her health. D

32、. Because there is no space to turn over.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：28.00）(1). A. At school. B. At the library. C. At the cafeteria. D. At a shop.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Sociology and the Modern Age. B. Sociology Notebook. C. Sociology Reading List. D. Sociology and Society.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Becau

33、se it is not on the shelves. B. Because one student removed it from the library. C. Because the professor placed it on reserve. D. Because all students can read it.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. To meet the professor B. To talk with other students C. To the dormitory D. To the reserve room（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D

34、.（分数：56.00）(1). A. She doesnt plan to continue studying in the university next year. B. She recently visited a different university. C. She already told the man about her plans. D. She isnt planning to transfer to a different university.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. She thinks its too late anyway. B. She

35、 thinks he should wait a minute. C. She thinks he should do things early. D. She thinks there might still be a chance even if it is last minute.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Take the class over again. B. Take the class this semester. C. Get permission to take the class. D. Register for the class next sem

36、ester.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Try not to think about her audience. B. Practice her presentation in front of him. C. Find out who her audience will be tomorrow. D. Let him attend her presentation in class tomorrow.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. They can order for a delivery. B. They should call off the or

37、der. C. They can order in advance and pick it up. D. They can call in advance and then eat there.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6). A. She needed the notes last week. B. The man can return her notes after the exam. C. Shell have enough time to prepare for the exam. D. The man wont need to study the notes for the

38、 exam.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7). A. Boss and Secretary. B. Wife and Husband. C. Salesman and customer. D. Taxi driver and passenger.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8). A. Dr. Turner often gives quizzes. B. She didnt expect to have a quiz today. C. She doesnt know anything about the quiz either. D. She didnt know Dr. T

39、urners lecture would be so interesting.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：77.00)（分数：21.00）(1). A. By taxing public services. C. By providing needed services. B. By making people pay for private bills. D. By collecting taxes.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Nobody would take care of the city. C. There

40、would be no protection from crime. B. There would be no schools. D. People would be very happy.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Education. C. Administration. B. Public security. D. Transportation.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：28.00）(1). A. Rent a grave. B. Burn the body. C. Bury the dead near a church. D. Buy a piec

41、e of land for a grave.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. To solve the problem of lack of land. B. To see whether they have decayed. C. To follow the Greek religious practice. D. To move them to a multistorey graveyard.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. They should be buried lying down. B. They should be buried standing

42、 up. C. They should be buried after being washed. D. They should be buried when partially decayed.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Burning dead bodies to ashes. B. Storing dead bodies in a remote place. C. Placing dead bodies in a bone room. D. Digging up dead bodies after three years.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：2

43、8.00）(1). A. Because spring has come. B. Because it has been cleaned up. C. Because the roads have been widened. D. Because trees are getting green.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. With a breakfast to start the event. B. With a tree-planting ceremony. C. By picking up 100 pounds of litter, D. By baking a pi

44、e for everyone.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. By inspiring everyone to pick up litter. B. By giving some awards. C. By joining the kickoff breakfast. D. By thanking the organizing committee.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Mayor Bingham. B. Jane Nash. C. The sponsors. D. The community residents.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六

45、、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Blind photography: the very concept sounds odd. But a striking exhibition of photographs in California argues that it U U 1 /U /Ufrom the core of contemporary art. The show U U 2 /U /Ueverything: underwater scenes, portraits, landscapes, abstracts, and everything else yo

46、u might U U 3 /U /Ufrom a “sighted“ photographer.How do the blind take their photographs? Some U U 4 /U /Uon assistants to set up and then describe the shots, and others just point and shoot in the U U 5 /U /Uplace “Just like any good artists,“ says McCulloh, “they have their U U 6 /U /Uways of oper

47、ating. “One participating photographer is Pete Eckert, an artist with multiple degrees in design and sculpture who only turned to photography after losing his vision in the mid-1980s. Kurt Weston, another photographer, was a former fashion photographer in Chicago. He lost his vision U U 7 /U /Uto AIDS in 1996.What do gallery-goers say? “I was very impressed by it. The U U 8 /U /Uand experience was amazingly diverse,“ says John Hesketh, a printmaker in Anaheim. “U U