GRE-10及答案解析.doc

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1、GRE-10 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、基础填空(总题数：38，分数：100.00)1.Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn“s _ proved keenest when he accurately predicted that his books would someday appear in his native Russia.（分数：2.00）A.foresightB.nostalgiaC.myopiaD.despairE.prescienceF.artistry2.The simple and direct images in Dorothea

2、 Lange“s photographs provide _ reflection of a bygone social milieu.（分数：2.00）A.an involvedB.a candidC.an ostentatiousD.a detailedE.a convolutedF.a forth right3.Kate“s impulsive nature and sudden whims led her friends to label her _.（分数：2.00）A.capriciousB.bombasticC.volatileD.loquaciousE.dispassionat

3、eF.turgid4.Neurosurgeon Alexa Canady maintained that choosing a career was a visceral decision rather than _ judgment; that is, it was not so much rational as _.（分数：2.00）A.an emotionalB.an intuitiveC.a deliberateD.intellectualE.voluntaryF.instinctive5.Creative business stratagems frequently become _

4、 as a result of _, their versatility and adaptability destroyed by their transformation into rigid policies.（分数：2.00）A.politicizedB.ossifiedC.streamlinedD.jingoismE.bureaucratizationF.infighting6.Known for her _, Miranda eagerly welcomes anyone into her home.（分数：2.00）A.cowardiceB.prudenceC.hospitali

5、tyD.aloofnessE.solitudeF.affability7.Not surprisingly, supporters of the governor“s plan to set aside land for a forest preserve were disappointed when a court decision _ the plan.（分数：2.00）A.applaudedB.derailedC.refutedD.acknowledgedE.permittedF.anticipated8.Because playing a musical instrument incr

6、eases brain activity, it is sometimes used as a(n) _ to promote learning in children.（分数：2.00）A.conditionB.incentiveC.highlightD.stimulusE.dictumF.aphorism9.The ambassador argues that, in diplomacy, there is a subtle but important difference between a country“s showing a willingness to _ and a too-o

7、bvious readiness to make _.（分数：2.00）A.negotiateB.antagonizeC.surrenderD.concessionsE.inquiriesF.denunciations10.The dancer“s performing style was _ and _, with each move taken from another artist, and poorly executed at that.（分数：2.00）A.rousingB.chaoticC.derivativeD.evolvingE.unprecedentedF.inept11.L

8、ewis Latimer“s inexpensive method of producing carbon filaments _ the nascent electric industry by making electric lamps commercially _.（分数：2.00）A.retardedB.transformedC.provokedD.unfledgedE.viableF.prohibitive12.After winning the award, Phillip adopted a haughty pose, treating even his best friends

9、 in a _ manner.（分数：2.00）A.crypticB.arrogantC.judiciousD.shrewdE.superciliousF.pugnacious13.The general was so widely suspected of _ during the war that his name eventually became synonymous with disloyalty.（分数：2.00）A.belligerenceB.indigenceC.perfidyD.aspersionE.contentiousnessF.apostasy14.The prose

10、of Richard Wright“s autobiographical Black Boy (1945) is _, free of stylistic tricks or evasiveness.（分数：2.00）A.conspicuousB.straightforwardC.deficientD.forthrightE.obtrusiveF.elliptical15.It seemed from the size of the crowd, which was _, and the resonance of its cheers, which were _, that the team

11、was experiencing a resurgence of popularity.（分数：3.00）A.negligibleB.sparseC.enormousD.hollowE.mutedF.deafening16.Evidence that the universe is expanding _ our perception of the cosmos and thus caused a _ in astronomical thinking.（分数：3.00）A.checkedB.alteredC.reinforcedD.setbackE.revolutionF.truce17.Al

12、though the theory that widespread lead poisoning contributed to the decline of the Roman Empire has gained _, the evidence is still _.（分数：3.00）A.disreputeB.implausibilityC.currencyD.irrefutableE.systematicF.inconclusive18.The fashion designer favored fabrics that were so _ as to be virtually transpa

13、rent.（分数：3.00）A.palpableB.diaphanousC.variegatedD.luxuriousE.membranousF.diversified19.Professor Williams disdained tradition: she regularly attacked cherished beliefs and institutions, earning a reputation as _.（分数：3.00）A.an egalitarianB.a nonconformistC.an amateurD.a dilettanteE.an iconoclastF.a p

14、urveyor20.Geoffrey“s corrupt dealings earned him such disgrace that any possibility of his being reelected to the city council was completely _.（分数：3.00）A.endorsedB.excludedC.belittledD.eliminatedE.defendedF.approved21.Although the editors were reputed to be very _, the uneven quality of the materia

15、l they put into the anthology suggests they were too _.（分数：3.00）A.selectiveB.amateurishC.sensitiveD.professionalE.discriminatingF.inclusive22.The professor“s presentation was both _ and _: though brief, it was instructive.（分数：3.00）A.comprehensiveB.succinctC.provocativeD.edifyingE.technicalF.elaborat

16、e23.With its large circulation, Essence magazine has enjoyed _ only recently challenged by new publications aggressively seeking female African American readers.（分数：3.00）A.an aggregationB.a prescienceC.a prognosisD.a retrenchmentE.a preeminenceF.a dominance24.The judge“s published opinions, though s

17、ophisticated and subtle, were undeniably _: they left no doubt of her intentions.（分数：3.00）A.unequivocalB.unambiguousC.incorrigibleD.tenuousE.ebullientF.effusive25.The movie“s plot was _: once you knew what befell the hero, you could _ the fate of the villain.（分数：3.00）A.convincingB.predictableC.spell

18、bindingD.misinterpretE.foreseeF.ignore26.A certain additive put in gasoline to reduce air pollution is actually _ groundwater, a finding that shows that even the most well-intentioned fixes can sometimes _.（分数：3.00）A.contaminatingB.purifyingC.saturatingD.prevailE.backfireF.reciprocate27.The biologis

19、t“s description of the wolf pack was truly _, devoid of any emotion or personal prejudice.（分数：3.00）A.dispassionateB.insubstantialC.unjaundicedD.capriciousE.arcaneF.esoteric28.No longer considered _, the belief that all of Puerto Rico“s indigenous Taino people perished centuries ago appears to be a _

20、 now that modern Taino descendants have come forward.（分数：3.00）A.tenableB.mythicalC.erroneousD.realityE.misconceptionF.digression29.Although easily angered by our mischievous behavior, our mother could be immediately _ by our expressions of remorse.（分数：3.00）A.substantiatedB.impugnedC.appeasedD.united

21、E.mollifiedF.disparaged30.Scientists wonder what to do with the dead satellites, jettisoned rockets, drifting paint flecks, and other _ orbiting Earth.（分数：3.00）A.flotsamB.reconnaissanceC.decimationD.raimentE.devastationF.debris31.Although aging brings about profound physiological changes, it does no

22、t often alter individual“s _: an irascible thirty year old will probably still be _ at seventy.（分数：3.00）A.outlookB.dispositionC.statureD.laconicE.cantankerousF.benevolent32.The commentator characterized the electorate as _ because it was unpredictable and given to constantly shifting moods.（分数：3.00）

23、A.mercurialB.fickleC.disingenuousD.apatheticE.phlegmaticF.corrosive33.Many paintings of the American Southwest convey a feeling of isolation and loneliness that mirrors the _ landscape they depict.（分数：3.00）A.lushB.sprawlingC.desolateD.fecundE.starkF.monumental34.Only recently created, this orchid is

24、 a _, a plant produced by deliberately crossbreeding two different varieties of flowers.（分数：3.00）A.misnomerB.hybridC.vectorD.mongrelE.precursorF.harbinger35.The pharmaceutical company insisted that its testing of new drugs was quite _, more rigorous than the industry standard.（分数：3.00）A.stringentB.c

25、ontingentC.conditionalD.recessiveE.obtrusiveF.exacting36.Freedom of expression is not necessarily a _ force: communities that encourage it often feel less threatened by social unrest than do those in which dissent is _.（分数：3.00）A.militantB.positiveC.divisiveD.promotedE.fosteredF.restricted37.Thomas

26、Hardy“s novels are described as _ because of their preoccupation with daily life in rural and agricultural settings.（分数：3.00）A.bucolicB.prolificC.lugubriousD.idyllicE.metaphoricalF.sullen38.Some skeptics consider the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) to be _, even foolish; others go so

27、 far as to accuse SETI scientists of outright _ in applying skewed data.（分数：3.00）A.painstakingB.plausibleC.wrongheadedD.remonstranceE.chicaneryF.eruditionGRE-10 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、基础填空(总题数：38，分数：100.00)1.Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn“s _ proved keenest when he accurately predicted that his books w

28、ould someday appear in his native Russia.（分数：2.00）A.foresight B.nostalgiaC.myopiaD.despairE.prescience F.artistry解析：解析 when 引导时间状语从句，说明前后同义重复。 空格与 predicted(预测)同义重复。 foresight 远见，nostalgia 怀旧，myopia 缺乏远见，despair 绝望，prescience 远见，artistry 艺术才能。答案选 AE。2.The simple and direct images in Dorothea Lange“s

29、 photographs provide _ reflection of a bygone social milieu.（分数：2.00）A.an involvedB.a candid C.an ostentatiousD.a detailedE.a convolutedF.a forth right 解析：解析 空格与 simple and direct(简单直接的)同义重复。 involved 复杂的，candid 直率的，ostentatious 炫耀卖弄的，detailed 详细的，convoluted 复杂的，forthright 直率的。答案选 BF。 注：这里 involved

30、和 convoluted 是干扰项，同表示“复杂的”，并且是正确选项的反义词。3.Kate“s impulsive nature and sudden whims led her friends to label her _.（分数：2.00）A.capricious B.bombasticC.volatile D.loquaciousE.dispassionateF.turgid解析：解析 空格与 impulsive(易冲动的)和 sudden whims(突然的心血来潮)同义重复。 capricious 多变的，bombastic 浮夸的，volatile 多变的，loquacious 话

31、多的，dispassionate 客观公正的，turgid 浮夸的。答案选 AC。 注：这里 bombastic 和 turgid 是干扰项，同表示“浮夸的”。4.Neurosurgeon Alexa Canady maintained that choosing a career was a visceral decision rather than _ judgment; that is, it was not so much rational as _.（分数：2.00）A.an emotionalB.an intuitiveC.a deliberate D.intellectualE.

32、voluntaryF.instinctive 解析：解析 rather than 说明前后反义重复；that is 说明前后同义重复，后文是对前文的解释；not so much A as B，AB 取反。 第一空与 visceral(本能的)反义重复。emotional 感情用事的，intuitive 直觉的，deliberate 深思熟虑的。答案选 C。 第二空与 rational(理智的)反义重复。intellectual 理性的，voluntary 自主的，instinctive 直觉的。答案选 F。5.Creative business stratagems frequently be

33、come _ as a result of _, their versatility and adaptability destroyed by their transformation into rigid policies.（分数：2.00）A.politicizedB.ossified C.streamlinedD.jingoismE.bureaucratization F.infighting解析：解析 逗号说明前后同义重复；destroyed by 取反。 第一空与 versatility and adaptability(多功能性和适应性)反义重复。politicized 政治化的

34、，ossified 僵化的，streamlined 精简的。答案选 B。 第二空与 rigid policies(僵化的政策)同义重复。jingoism 沙文主义，bureaucratization 官僚主义，infighting 混战。答案选 E。6.Known for her _, Miranda eagerly welcomes anyone into her home.（分数：2.00）A.cowardiceB.prudenceC.hospitality D.aloofnessE.solitudeF.affability 解析：解析 逗号说明前后同义重复。 空格与 eagerly we

35、lcomes(热切欢迎)同义重复。 cowardice 懦弱，prudence 谨慎，hospitality 亲切友善，aloofness 冷漠，solitude 孤独，affability 亲切友善。答案选 CF。 注：这里 aloofness 和 solitude 是干扰项，同表示“不合群”，且与正确选项构成反义词。7.Not surprisingly, supporters of the governor“s plan to set aside land for a forest preserve were disappointed when a court decision _ the

36、 plan.（分数：2.00）A.applaudedB.derailed C.refuted D.acknowledgedE.permittedF.anticipated解析：解析 not surprisingly 说明前后同义重复；disappointed 取反。 空格与 supporters(支持者们)反义重复。 applaud 赞扬，derail 阻挠，refute 否认，acknowledge 同意，permit 同意，anticipate 预期。答案选 BC。 注：这里 acknowledge 和 permit 是干扰项，同表示“同意”。8.Because playing a mus

37、ical instrument increases brain activity, it is sometimes used as a(n) _ to promote learning in children.（分数：2.00）A.conditionB.incentive C.highlightD.stimulus E.dictumF.aphorism解析：解析 句子前后同义重复，所以空格填入一个表示逻辑同义的词。 condition 条件，incentive 刺激，highlight 亮点，stimulus 刺激，dictum 格言，aphorism 格言。答案选 BD。9.The amba

38、ssador argues that, in diplomacy, there is a subtle but important difference between a country“s showing a willingness to _ and a too-obvious readiness to make _.（分数：2.00）A.negotiate B.antagonizeC.surrenderD.concessions E.inquiriesF.denunciations解析：解析 difference 说明前后反义重复。 同义体现在 showing a willingness

39、 to 和 too-obvious readiness to 上面，所以两空联动，反义重复。但是前文说，这种差异是 subtle，即细微的差别。所以选 AD，一个表示主动谈判，另一个表示被动让步。negotiate 谈判，antagonize 敌对，surrender 投降；concession 让步，inquiry 调查，denunciation指责。答案选 AD。10.The dancer“s performing style was _ and _, with each move taken from another artist, and poorly executed at that

40、.（分数：2.00）A.rousingB.chaoticC.derivative D.evolvingE.unprecedentedF.inept 解析：解析 逗号说明前后同义重复。 第一空与 taken from another artist(从别的艺术家那里取得)同义重复。rousing 激动人心的，chaotic 混乱的，derivative 并非原创的。答案选 C。 第二空与 poorly executed at(表演得不好)同义重复。evolving 发展的，unprecedented 空前的，inept 笨拙的。答案选 F。11.Lewis Latimer“s inexpensiv

41、e method of producing carbon filaments _ the nascent electric industry by making electric lamps commercially _.（分数：2.00）A.retardedB.transformed C.provokedD.unfledgedE.viable F.prohibitive解析：解析 retard 减速，transform 改变，provoke 激起。答案选 B。 unfledged 无经验的，viable 可行的，prohibitive 禁止的。答案选 E。12.After winning t

42、he award, Phillip adopted a haughty pose, treating even his best friends in a _ manner.（分数：2.00）A.crypticB.arrogant C.judiciousD.shrewdE.supercilious F.pugnacious解析：解析 逗号说明前后同义重复。 空格与 haughty(傲慢的)同义重复。 cryptic 难以理解的，arrogant 傲慢的，judicious 明智的，shrewd 精明的，supercilious 傲慢的，pugnacious 好战的。答案选 BE。13.The

43、general was so widely suspected of _ during the war that his name eventually became synonymous with disloyalty.（分数：2.00）A.belligerenceB.indigenceC.perfidy D.aspersionE.contentiousnessF.apostasy 解析：解析 so.that.说明前后同义重复。 空格与 disloyalty(不忠诚)同义重复。 belligerence 好斗，indigence 贫困，perfidy 背叛，aspersion 诽谤，cont

44、entiousness 爱争论，apostasy 背叛。答案选 CF。 注：这里 belligerence 和 contentiousness 是干扰项，同表示“好斗”。14.The prose of Richard Wright“s autobiographical Black Boy (1945) is _, free of stylistic tricks or evasiveness.（分数：2.00）A.conspicuousB.straightforward C.deficientD.forthright E.obtrusiveF.elliptical解析：解析 逗号说明前后同义重

45、复。 空格与 free of stylistic tricks or evasiveness(体裁上既不花里胡哨也不含糊其辞)同义重复。 conspicuous 明显的，straightforward 直率的，deficient 有缺点的，forthright 直率的，obtrusive明显的，elliptical 含糊不清的。答案选 BD。 注：这里 conspicuous 和 obtrusive 是干扰项，同表示“明显的”。15.It seemed from the size of the crowd, which was _, and the resonance of its cheer

46、s, which were _, that the team was experiencing a resurgence of popularity.（分数：3.00）A.negligibleB.sparseC.enormous D.hollowE.mutedF.deafening 解析：解析 It seemed.that.说明前后同义重复。 两空联动，均和 resurgence of popularity(人气再次兴旺起来)同义重复。 negligible 可以忽略的，sparse 稀少的，enormous 巨大的；hollow 空的，muted 没有声的，deafening 声音大的。答案

47、选 CF。16.Evidence that the universe is expanding _ our perception of the cosmos and thus caused a _ in astronomical thinking.（分数：3.00）A.checkedB.altered C.reinforcedD.setbackE.revolution F.truce解析：解析 thus 说明前后同义重复。 第一空与第二空联动，同义重复。 check 受阻，alter 改变，reinforce 增强；setback 退步，revolution 革命，truce 休战/缓和。答案

48、选 BE。17.Although the theory that widespread lead poisoning contributed to the decline of the Roman Empire has gained _, the evidence is still _.（分数：3.00）A.disreputeB.implausibilityC.currency D.irrefutableE.systematicF.inconclusive 解析：解析 Although 说明前后反义重复。 两空联动，反义重复。 disrepute 声名狼藉，implausibility 不可信，currency 广泛接受；irrefutable 不可辩驳的，systematic 系统的，inconclusive 没有定论的。答案选 CF。18.The fas