BFT（阅读）-试卷18及答案解析.doc

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1、BFT（阅读）-试卷 18 及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part 1(总题数：1，分数：16.00)Read the article below and choose the best sentence from the list on the next page to fill each of the gaps. For each gap(1-8)mark one letter(A-H)on the Answer Sheet Do not mark any letter twice. Smartphone Data to Give Early Warning of

2、 Earthquakes One day last August, in the early hours of the morning, a 6.0-magnitude earthquake rocked Napa Valley, waking people all around Californias famed wine region. 1Once the quake was over, tracker company Jawbone gathered the data in a public graphic, using it to detail the differences in d

3、isturbance for life loggers in Berkeley, Oakland and San Jose. Now new research shows that sensors in smartphones can give early warning of an earthquake too. 2Many of us walk around laden with devices that compile data on our movements and interests - data that seismologists now want to help spot t

4、he next major earthquake. At the US Geological Survey, Benjamin Brooks is looking to smartphones rather than finely tuned scientific instruments to predict big quakes. Smartphones come equipped with GPS sensors that can tell where youre standing, give or take a few metres. 3They can also sense a sud

5、den lurch in one direction - the kind of movement that, when logged by many people at once, might be a sign of a seismic shift. “Imagine all of Portland was out at a cafe on a sunny day, and everyones smartphones were sitting on the table when one of these great earthquakes happened,“ says Brooks. “

6、The whole city would appear to move.“ 4One simulation explored a model magnitude 7.0 earthquake along the Hayward fault, and another used actual location data recorded at scientific stations during Japans devastating 2011 megaquake. Both scenarios suggested that data from around 5000 people would be

7、 enough to spot the beginnings of a major earthquake, leaving about 5 seconds to warn major population centres that hadnt yet felt its effects. When an earthquake is coming, a few seconds of warning can be crucial. 5“You get out in front of the situation and inform people before any ill effects,“ sa

8、ys Brooks. Smart sensing This isnt seismologists first foray into smart phones. Two years ago, researchers at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena came out with an app, Crowdshake, which monitors a phones accelerometer. 6Until then, Brooks and his colleagues plan to keep putting smartp

9、hones to the test. In an upcoming pilot in Chile, about 250 phones will be stripped of their standard GPS cards and placed in boxes around the country, where theyll lie in wait to record the next big earthquake. Others have found ingenious ways to tap into human activity to locate quakes. 7 Whenever

10、 theres a sudden surge of traffic to their website, they look at where visitors are accessing it from to get a sense of where the earthquake is and how strong it might be. 8Within a couple of minutes, they have enough information to publish their first unconfirmed reports of the quake. “The internet

11、 is the nervous system of the planet,“ says Remy Bossu, secretary general at the centre. “If we want to make rapid earthquake information available to the public and authorities, we have to focus on the earthquakes that matter for them.“ A. At the European-Mediterranean Seismological Center, seismol

12、ogists rely on the internet to pinpoint where earthquakes are happening around the globe. B. Many were wearing fitness trackers. C. Unfortunately, with GPS data it isnt as simple as building an app: smartphone manufacturers dont currently provide access to the raw data required. D. While Jawbones po

13、st didnt inspire confidence in the privacy of users data, it did make a point: humans can be useful sensors. E. On an ordinary day, these are what allow us to map our way to a store or geolocate our tweets. F. Fire-station doors could start to raise, gas pipelines could automatically shut off, and c

14、ity residents could jump to safety under a nearby desk. G. They also monitor Twitter for relevant keywords. H. Brooks and his colleagues have now tested what crowd sourced GPS data might look like in a real earthquake.（分数：16.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、Part 2(总题数：2，分

15、数：20.00)Read the following article and answer questions 9-18 on the next page. The New Colour of British Army 1. It took scientists a year to get the right shade - and if truth be told, it might take several more for soldiers to get used to it - but after more than sixty years bearing the same dark

16、yellow colour, the British military is to adopt a new Army Brown. In what is likely to be one of the biggest make-over the forces have undertaken, the armys fleet of desert vehicles is being repainted, replacing the previous Light Stone camouflage that has adorned tanks and troops carriers since bef

17、ore the Second World War. 2. Some of the new Foxhound patrol vehicles being used in Afghanistan have already been re-sprayed with up to 30 litres of the new colour per vehicle, hinting at the scale of the paint job required over the coming years. The army has around 5,000 combat vehicles - and all c

18、onflicts over the last 20 years have taken place in sandy environments. 3. The scientists who developed it insist Army Brown is the colour of the future, and the paint is clever too. They are working on a formula which will turn it into a different shade when chemicals have been detected to warn tro

19、ops of the dangers around them. “The new colour is a tan brown whereas the old was a dark yellow,“ said Andrew Richardson from AkzoNobel, the firm which developed it. “It is a dirt colour as opposed to a sand colour. When you are close up there is a significant difference.“ Richardson claimed it was

20、 the most advanced paint the military had ever used, and is similar to the colours used by the US and Australian militaries. 4. The Ministry of Defence decided it wanted a change of hue last year, with officers saying they needed something that could work in places such as Afghanistan, but blend in

21、easily in other hot and dusty environments. Defence officials gather: red rock and soil samples back from Afghanistan for a team at the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, which came up with the ideal new colour. AkzoNobel then turned it into a camouflage paint that “will replace the sand col

22、our that has been used on army vehicles since before the Second World War.“ 5. Though Richardson said the “new paint colour has been specifically designed of the desert-like environment where most operations currently take place“, he insisted it would work elsewhere. “It was designed to provide a be

23、tter balance between desert-like areas and the green zone.“ The Ministry of Defence said the new colour added to the basic range used by the military. Green is used for colder climates - and pink has been used in places such as Saudi Arabia, to help military planes blend in. However, brown is very m

24、uch de rigueur for the British military at the moment; after extensive trials involving 3,500 personnel, the army has plumped For a dark chocolate colour for its new combat boots. Questions 9-13(10 marks) For questions 9-13, choose the best title for each paragraph from the box below. For each numbe

25、red paragraph(1-5), mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. A. The advantage of the new colour and the paint B. The differences between the new and the old colours C. The biggest make-over of the British military D. The Ministrys comments on the new colour E. The heav

26、y workload of the repainting job F. The design and development of the new colour G. The basic range of colours of the world military（分数：10.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph3 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Paragraph5 1（分数：2.00）填空

27、项 1:_Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 14-18 with an expression from the list below. For each sentence(14-18), mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. A. it suits non-desert-like areas as well. B. they had borne the old colour for more than six

28、ty years. C. the new colour is exactly what the military needs at the moment. D. it has various shades and can warn of dangers. E. it has rock and soil from desert-like areas as samples. F. the military needs to adapt to the new environments of operations. G. there is a significant difference betwee

29、n a dirt colour and a sand color.（分数：10.00）(1).It might take a long time for soldiers to get used to the new colour because 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).The scientists think the new paint is the most advanced in that 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).The reason for the Ministry of Defence to change the colour is that

30、1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).The new colour isnt limited to desert-like environments because 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).The phrase “de rigueur“ in the last paragraph indicates that 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_三、Part 3(总题数：1，分数：14.00)Read the following article and answer questions J 9-25. For questions 19-25, choose the c

31、orrect answer A, B, C or D. Mark your answer on your Answer Sheet. Facts about Aging The overall difference in life expectancy at birth in the United States is about 7 years(i.e.72 for men vs. 79 for women); and at every age women, on average, can expect to live longer than men. Interestingly, older

32、 women are more likely to suffer from debilitating illnesses than men. However, this difference seems to reflect the fact that women typically have less wealth and education than men - two factors that are associated with shorter life expectancies for both sexes. When the effects of poverty and educ

33、ation are removed in the relevant statistical analyses, these sex differences in rates of disability disappear. The elderly generally show very high interest in associating with friends and close family members. What they show less interest in than younger adults is the expansion of their social net

34、works to make new friends. About one-third of problem drinkers develop their alcohol abuse problem late in life, and this problem of alcoholism among the aged is indeed more acute for women than men. Overuse of drugs may result from the tendency of some doctors to automatically prescribe drugs rathe

35、r than search for underlying physical or psychological causes of symptoms, especially when the patients are elderly women. It may also reflect the fact that women are more likely to be facing the loneliness and stress associated with the loss of a spouse than men, and are generally more likely to se

36、ek help from a doctor. Alzheimers disease, the much-dreaded form of dementia associated with profound memory loss and other increasingly devastating symptoms, is a condition that strikes a significant number of elderly people. Nevertheless, most elderly people will never suffer such memory loss. In

37、fact, contemporary estimates suggest that moderate to severe memory loss is found in only 4 to 6 percent of adults over age 65. The most important point to be aware of is that while memory(especially short term memory)does deteriorate somewhat as we get older, profound memory loss is not a “natural“

38、 consequence of the aging process. It is a product of disease. Evidence of profound memory loss should prompt a visit to a physician who specializes in such problems. After age 80 the ratio of widows to widowers in the U.S. is about 5 to 1. This statistic reflects the fact that women have a longer l

39、ife expectancy than men, and the fact that women typically marry men older than themselves. Differences in wealth may also make it easier for marriage-minded widowers to find mates than widows, since elderly women are more likely to be living in poverty than elderly men. The stereotype of depressed

40、lonely old people is a pervasive one, but it is not supported by the facts. While social isolation is a problem for many older people, it is also a problem for many young people as well. Surveys consistently show that, in the absence of serious illness, older people generally report higher levels of

41、 happiness or life satisfaction than young people. One reason for this is that as people age they seem to devote increasing attention to the task of managing their affective states and avoiding sadness or anxiety. Although there is considerable variability in the degree of loss, sensory decline is f

42、airly inevitable. These losses, it should be noted, have important implications for environmental design in the care of the elderly. For example, greater use of acoustical tile to absorb background noise, use of non-slippery floor surfaces to provide additional traction, and use of non-glare surface

43、s and clearly marked boundaries can all increase comfort and safety.（分数：14.00）(1).What are the two factors that contribute to longer life expectancies for people?（分数：2.00）A.Poverty and poorer health.B.Poverty and less education.C.Better health and more wealth.D.More wealth and better education.(2).W

44、hich of the following statements is true of elderly people?（分数：2.00）A.They are interested in joining close family members.B.They are enthusiastic for making new friends.C.Many of them suffer from serious illnesses.D.Many of them live in poverty.(3).Many elderly women face the problem of overusing dr

45、ugs because_.（分数：2.00）A.they believe that drugs can cure their diseasesB.some doctors tend to let them take more drugsC.doctors cannot find the real causes of their diseasesD.taking drugs is a way for them to be away from loneliness(4).According to Para. 4, it is true that_.（分数：2.00）A.profound memor

46、y becomes worse as people get olderB.Alzheimers disease is associated with short term memory lossC.most elderly people over the age of 65 suffer from severe memory lossD.a person should go to the doctor when showing symptoms of profound memory loss(5).It is easier for elderly widowers than widows to

47、 find mates because the widowers_.（分数：2.00）A.tend to marry women younger than themselvesB.have a greater desire to get marriedC.generally have more wealthD.usually feel more lonely(6).Compared with young people, older people are more likely to_.（分数：2.00）A.fall illB.feel depressedC.experience satisfa

48、ctionD.isolate themselves from society(7).The authors tone about aging is_.（分数：2.00）A.humorousB.objectiveC.doubtfulD.negative四、Part 4(总题数：1，分数：40.00)Read the following text and choose the best word for each space. For questions 26-45, mark one letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet. Do You Need an MBA? Perhaps you have seen the media stories and some of the exciting career opportunities of MBAs, and you imagine, “That could be me . “ You might be well into the career of【C1】_dreams, but you have been told you will need an【C2】_