【考研类试卷】英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编14及答案解析.doc

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1、英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编 14及答案解析(总分：54.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、判断题(总题数：27，分数：54.00)1.The phatic function refers to language function for establishing or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas.(清华 2001研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False2.Syntax refers to the study of the rules governing the

2、 way words are combined to form sentences in a language.（大连外国语学院 2008研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False3.“Competence“ and “performance“ are two distinctive terms proposed by Saussure.（北二外2005研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False4.The concept competence originally refers to the grammatical knowledge of the ideal language u

3、ser and has nothing to do with the actual use of language in concrete situation.(南开大学 2004研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False5.Prescriptive linguistics is more popular than descriptive linguistics, because it can tell us how to speak correct language.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False6.By diachronic study we mean to study

4、 the changes and development of language.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False7.Onomatopoeic words are totally arbitrary.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False8.When the vocal folds are apart, the air can pass through easily and the sound produced is said to be voiced.（大连外国语学院 2008研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False9.Of the three cavities,

5、pharynx cavity is the most variable and active in amplifying and modifying speech sounds.（北二外 2007研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False10.English consonants can be classified into two categories: voiced and voiceless consonants.(对外经贸 2006研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False11.Bilabial consonant is produced when the obstruct

6、ion is partial and the air is forced through a narrow passage.（对外经贸 2006研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False12.The sound segments are grouped into consonants and vowels.（大连外国语学院 2008研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False13.Uvular is made with the back of the tongue and the uvula.（大连外国语学院 2008研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False14.A syll

7、able can be divided into two parts, the NUCLEUS and the CODA.(大连外国语学院 2008研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False15.Auditory phonetics studies how sounds are perceived by the speaker.（清华 2001研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False16.The last sound of “top“ can be articulated as an unreleased or released plosive. These different

8、realizations of the same phoneme are not in complementary distribution.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False17.The speech sounds we hear and produce during linguistic communications are all phonemes.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False18.Two sounds are in free variation when they occur in the same environment and do not contras

9、t, namely, the substitution of one for the other does not produce a different word, but merely a different pronunciation.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False19.Some linguists maintain that a word group is an extension of word of a particular class.（清华 2001研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False20.Words are the most stable of al

10、l linguistic units in respect of their internal structure.（大连外国语学院 2008研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False21.The words “loose“ and “books“ have a common phoneme and a common morpheme as well.(北二外2007研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False22.Free morpheme may constitute words by themselves.（大连外国语学院 2008研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.Fals

11、e23.All words contain a root morpheme.（北二外 2006研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False24.Root also falls into two categories: free and bound.（北二外 2006研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False25.The word of “impossibility“ contains four morphemes.（对外经贸 2006研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False26.We can always tell by the words a compound contai

12、ns what it means because the meaning of a compound is always the sum of the meanings of its parts.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False27.All roots are free and all affixes are bound.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编 14答案解析(总分：54.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、判断题(总题数：27，分数：54.00)1.The phatic function refers to language fu

13、nction for establishing or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas.(清华 2001研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（寒暄功能是指建立与保持社交联络而不是交换信息。)2.Syntax refers to the study of the rules governing the way words are combined to form sentences in a language.（大连外国语学院 2008研)（分数：2.00

14、）A.True B.False解析：解析：（句法学研究词汇构成句子的规则。)3.“Competence“ and “performance“ are two distinctive terms proposed by Saussure.（北二外2005研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（语言能力与语言表现的区别是由乔姆斯基提出的。)4.The concept competence originally refers to the grammatical knowledge of the ideal language user and has nothing to d

15、o with the actual use of language in concrete situation.(南开大学 2004研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（语言能力与语言在具体情况下的应用无关，语言表现是语言在具体情况下的表现。)5.Prescriptive linguistics is more popular than descriptive linguistics, because it can tell us how to speak correct language.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（描写式和规定式的语

16、言学是分析语言的两种不同的方法，不能简单的说谁好谁坏之说。)6.By diachronic study we mean to study the changes and development of language.（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（历时研究是研究语言的变化与发展。)7.Onomatopoeic words are totally arbitrary.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（拟声词并不完全是任意的，与其表达的声音具有一定的相似性。)8.When the vocal folds are apart, the air

17、can pass through easily and the sound produced is said to be voiced.（大连外国语学院 2008研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（在发音过程中，发音时声带不振动，这样所发出的音叫做清音。)9.Of the three cavities, pharynx cavity is the most variable and active in amplifying and modifying speech sounds.（北二外 2007研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（在三大

18、发音腔中，口腔是在发音中最灵活的。)10.English consonants can be classified into two categories: voiced and voiceless consonants.(对外经贸 2006研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（英语辅音可分为清辅音和浊辅音。)11.Bilabial consonant is produced when the obstruction is partial and the air is forced through a narrow passage.（对外经贸 2006研)（分数：2.

19、00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（双唇音是由上唇和下唇接触，使语流受阻而构成的一种辅音。)12.The sound segments are grouped into consonants and vowels.（大连外国语学院 2008研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（音段可分为元音和辅音。)13.Uvular is made with the back of the tongue and the uvula.（大连外国语学院 2008研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（小舌音是由舌后部与小舌共同作用产生的音。)14.A

20、 syllable can be divided into two parts, the NUCLEUS and the CODA.(大连外国语学院 2008研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（音节中必不可少的就是结核，即元音，节首和节尾可有可无。)15.Auditory phonetics studies how sounds are perceived by the speaker.（清华 2001研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（感知语音学（或听觉语音学)研究语音的感知。)16.The last sound of “top“ ca

21、n be articulated as an unreleased or released plosive. These different realizations of the same phoneme are not in complementary distribution.（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（如果两个音素出现在一个相同的语音环境中，且不区别意义，这两个音素可被看作自由变体。)17.The speech sounds we hear and produce during linguistic communications are all phon

22、emes.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（我们所听见和说出的声音并不总是音位，有可能是音素，只有那些能区别意义的才是音位。)18.Two sounds are in free variation when they occur in the same environment and do not contrast, namely, the substitution of one for the other does not produce a different word, but merely a different pronunciation.（分数：2.00）

23、A.True B.False解析：解析：（自由变体是指两个音素出现在一个相同的语音环境中，并不区别意义，即用一个音素替换另一个音素不产生新词，只产生同一个词的不同读音。)19.Some linguists maintain that a word group is an extension of word of a particular class.（清华 2001研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（词组是指一组具有一定词性的词的组合扩展，且此过程并不改变词原来的词性。)20.Words are the most stable of all linguistic u

24、nits in respect of their internal structure.（大连外国语学院 2008研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（具有词汇意义（指代物质、动作和性质)的词称为词汇词，例如名词、动词、形容词和副词。)21.The words “loose“ and “books“ have a common phoneme and a common morpheme as well.(北二外2007研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（有共同的音位，但语素s在两个词中的意思不一样，前者没有任何意义，后者表示复数。)22.F

25、ree morpheme may constitute words by themselves.（大连外国语学院 2008研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（自由语素指是能够单独出现或独立成词的语素。)23.All words contain a root morpheme.（北二外 2006研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（所有的词都必须有词根。)24.Root also falls into two categories: free and bound.（北二外 2006研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：

26、（词根是构成词的基础成分，它可以是自由语素或粘着语素。)25.The word of “impossibility“ contains four morphemes.（对外经贸 2006研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（包括三个语素：“im-”“possibl-”“-ity”。)26.We can always tell by the words a compound contains what it means because the meaning of a compound is always the sum of the meanings of its parts.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（合成词的词义不一定是两个单词词义的和，也可能是成为惯用语的其他意思。)27.All roots are free and all affixes are bound.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（词根可分为自由词根和黏着词根，所以并不是所有的词根都是自由词根。)