【考研类试卷】同等学力英语试题一2015年及答案解析.doc

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1、同等学力英语试题一 2015 年及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Dialogue communicati(总题数：10，分数：10.00)1.Speaker A: Your sister seems to be a bit under the weather. Speaker B: _. （分数：1.00）A.She has a slight fever.B.Yes, its bad weather today.C.No, she has a headache.D.Thank you. She doesnt like the weather.2.Speaker A: _

2、. Speaker B: Youd better look before you leap. （分数：1.00）A.I plan to quit the job and go abroad.B.Im crazy about basketball.C.I looked for it everywhere but didnt find it.D.I love sports.3.Speaker A: Where shall we meet? Speaker B: _. （分数：1.00）A.Will you pick me up at my place?B.Just a moment, please

3、.C.It doesnt matter.D.Well, you are here.4.Speaker A: Would you like to order now? Speaker B: _. （分数：1.00）A.Yes. Ill have the shrimp cocktail to start.B.Good. Id like to ask you to send this letter to Prof. Owen.C.Well. I have no instruction at present.D.Ok. Here you are.5.Speaker A: _. Speaker B: I

4、d like to get this film developed. （分数：1.00）A.What can I do for you?B.What are you doing?C.This film is wonderful.D.Are you still working on the movie?6.Man: Hi, Jane, do you have some changes? I have to make a call on the payphone. Woman: Payphone? Why not use my mobile phone? Here you are. Questio

5、n: What will the man most probably do? （分数：1.00）A.Get some change form Jane.B.Use the womans phone.C.Go look for a pay phone.D.Pay for the phone call.7.Man: Can you tell me the title of this oil painting? Woman: Sorry, I dont know for sure, but I guess it is an early 18 century work. Let me look it

6、up in the catalog. Question: Where does this conversation most probably take place? （分数：1.00）A.At a bookstore.B.In a workshop.C.At an art gallery.D.In a department store.8.Man: I am worried about those classes I missed when I was sick. Woman: I will try to bring you up today on what weve done. Quest

7、ion: What does the woman mean? （分数：1.00）A.Shes bought the man a pair of glasses today.B.She will help the man to catch up.C.She is worried about the mans health.D.She has bought the man an up-to-date map.9.Woman: Hey Dan. I hear youre meeting Susans parents for the first time. Man: Yeah, next weeken

8、d. Fortunately, her father loves to fish, so we will have so many things to talk about. Question: What can be inferred about Dan? （分数：1.00）A.He is going to give a talk on fishing.B.He thinks fishing is a good way to kill time.C.He has the same hobby as Susans father.D.He is eager to meet Susans pare

9、nts.10.Woman: Professor Whites presentation seemed to go on forever. I was barely able to stay awake. Man: How could you sleep through it? It is one of the best that I have ever heard on this topic. Question: What does the man think of Professor Whites presentation? （分数：1.00）A.He finds the presentat

10、ion hard to follow.B.He considers the presentation very dull.C.He thinks Professor White has chosen an interesting topic.D.He speaks highly of the presentation.二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：30.00)Passage one Now Yorks WCBS puts it in a way that just cant be better expressed: “It was an accident wa

11、iting to happen”. 15-year-old Alexa Longueira was wandering along the street in Staten Island, obliviously tapping text message into her phone as she walked. Distracted by her phone, she failed to notice the open manhole (下水道窨井) in her path, and plunged into it, taking an unprepared bath of raw sewa

12、ge along with receiving moderate injuries. Longueira called the dive “really gross, shocking and scary.” Its not all Longueiras fault. The manhole shouldnt have been left uncovered and unattended, and no warning signs or hazard cones had been set Protection (DEP), who was preparing to flush the sewa

13、ge, helped her out, and the department later issued a formal apology for the incident. Nonetheless, observers are harshly divided over who is to blame here. The DEP is certainly at fault for failing t secure the manhole, but to what extent should the girl be held accountable for failure to be aware

14、of her surroundings? If she had stepped into traffic and been hit by a car, would her reaction (that is: anger and a potential lawsuit) be any different? Detachment from ones environment due to electronic gadgets is a growing problem-and a hazardous one. The government is even trying to get involved

15、, with multiple laws on the books across the country outlawing cell phone use and text messaging while operating a motor vehicle in the wake of serious accidents involving distracted drivers. New York Senator Kruger even tried to criminalize the use of handheld devices (including phones, music playe

16、rs, and game players) by pedestrians while they are crossing streets in major New York cities, due to concerns over the number of auto vs. pedestrian accidents. Following a substantial outcry, that legislation appears never to have been formally introduced. But did Kruger have a point? What interest

17、ed me, at least, is the end of the story above that Longueira lost a shoe in the sewage. But since other things are not reported as lost, Im guessing she appears to have managed to keep her grip on her phone during the accident.（分数：6.00）(1).By “It was an accident waiting to happen”, New Yorks WCBS m

18、eant that . （分数：1.00）A.the accident should have been avoidableB.this kind of accidents happen frequentlyC.somebody was glad to see what would happenD.an open manhole is sure a trap for careless pedestrians(2).When the girl fell into the open manhole, she . （分数：1.00）A.was seriously hurtB.was frighten

19、edC.took a bath in the raw sewageD.cried help to the DEP worker(3).According to the author, who was to blame for the accident? （分数：1.00）A.The girl herselfB.The DEP workerC.Both of themD.Nobody(4).According to the passage, which of the following is illegal in the U.S.? （分数：1.00）A.Talking on a cell ph

20、one while drivingB.Text messaging while walking across a streetC.Operating music players while drivingD.Operating game players while walking across a street(5).The phrase “in the wake of” (Para.5) is closest in meaning to “ ” （分数：1.00）A.in view ofB.on condition ofC.as far asD.with regard to(6). The

21、author found it funny that the girl had . （分数：1.00）A.lost a shoe in the sewage in the accidentB.reported nothing lost after the accidentC.got a firm hold of her phone during the accidentD.managed to keep herself upright in the manholePassage Two According to a study, intellectual activities make peo

22、ple eat more than when just resting. This has shed new light on brain food. This finding might also help explain the obesity epidemic of a society in which people often sit. Researchers split 14 university student volunteers into three groups for a 45-minute session of either relaxing in a sitting p

23、osition, reading and summarizing a text, or completing a series of memory, attention, and alert tests on the computer. After the sessions, the participants were invited to eat as much as they pleased. Though the study involved a very small number of participants, the results were stark. The students

24、 who had done the computer tests downed 253 more calories or 29.4 percent more than the couch potatoes. Those who had summarized a text consumed 203 more calories than the resting group. Blood samples taken before, during, and after revealed that intellectual work cause much bigger fluctuations in g

25、lucose (葡萄糖) levels than rest periods, perhaps owing to the stress of thinking. The researchers figure the body reacts to these fluctuations by demanding food to restore glucose-the brains fuel. Glucose is converted by the body from carbohydrates (碳水化合物) and is supplied to the brain via the bloodstr

26、eam. The brain cannot make glucose and so needs a constant supply. Brain cells need twice as much energy as other cells in the body. Without exercise to balance the added intake, however, such “brain food” is probably not smart. Various studies in animals have shown that consuming fewer calories ove

27、rall leads to sharper brains and longer life, and most researchers agree that the findings apply, in general, to humans. And, of course, eating more can make you fat. “Caloric overcompensation following intellectual work, combined with the fact that we are less physically active when doing intellect

28、ual tasks, could contribute to the obesity epidemic currently observed in industrialized countries,” said lead researcher Jean-Philippe Chaput at Laval University in Quebec City, Canada. “This is a factor that should not be ignored, considering that more and more people hold jobs of an intellectual

29、nature,” the researcher concluded.（分数：6.00）(1).The passage mainly tells us that . （分数：1.00）A.consuming fewer calories can lead to sharper brainsB.thinking consumed more calories than restingC.resting more can make people fatD.brain cells need more energy than other cells in the body(2).It is implied

30、 that to avoid obesity, people who have to sit long should . （分数：1.00）A.think more and eat lessB.increase the intake of vitaminsC.skip some mealsD.eat less potatoes(3).The word “stark” in the 3rd paragraph is closest in meaning to “ ” （分数：1.00）A.negativeB.obscureC.absoluteD.ambiguous(4).According to

31、 the research, which of the following activities consumed the most calories? （分数：1.00）A.Relaxing in a sitting positionB.Reading professional booksC.Summarizing a textD.Completing tests on the computer(5).According to the passage, eating less may make people . （分数：1.00）A.smarterB.less intelligentC.mo

32、re emotionalD.live a shorter life(6).One of the reasons for the obesity epidemic currently observed in industrialized countries is that in these countries . （分数：1.00）A.people take different exercisesB.fewer people watch their weightC.fewer people hold physical jobsD.foods are much cheaperPassage thr

33、ee One of the simple pleasures of a lazy summer day is to be able to enjoy a refreshing slice of watermelon either at the beach, at a picnic, or fresh from the farmers market. Delicious and nutritious, watermelon is one of those guilt-free foods we can all enjoy: one cup of watermelon packs only abo

34、ut 50 calories! Watermelons are not only cooling treats for when the mercury starts to rise; they are also loaded with healthy nutrients such as vitamin A, vitamin C, lycopene (番茄红素)， and etc. Vitamins A and C and lycopene are antioxidants, which are substances that work to help get rid of the harmf

35、ul effects of substances. Research has suggested that a diet high in fruits and vegetables that have plenty of antioxidants can reduce the risk of heart disease, some cancers, and some other dangerous diseases. A cup of watermelon provides 25 of the recommended daily value of vitamin C and 6 of the

36、recommended daily value of vitamin A. Additionally, researchers have found that lycopene, a nutrient most traditionally associated with tomatoes, is found in equal or greater quantities in watermelon. Watermelons also provide significant amounts of vitamin B6 and vitamin B1, both of which are necess

37、ary for energy production. In combination with the minerals and vitamins already described, these B vitamins add to the high nutrient richness of watermelon. Due to its high water content(watermelon is 92 water by weight) and low calorie count, watermelon is a good choice to satisfy your hunger whil

38、e you try to eat a healthy diet. Think of them as natures answer to the heavily marketed “vitamin water” craze. Beside the textured, watery flesh of the fruit, watermelon seeds are also widely eaten as a snack. They are rich in iron and protein and are often pressed for oil or roasted and seasoned.

39、So if you are planning on dining outdoor this summer, or simply looking for a quick and convenient refreshment to serve to unexpected or reckless children, reach for watermelon. The kids will enjoy its crisp taste and messy juices, the adults will enjoy its refreshing flavors, and everyone will bene

40、fit from its nutritious value.（分数：6.00）(1).We dont feel guilt even if we eat more watermelon because . （分数：1.00）A.it is deliciousB.it is nutritiousC.it contains low caloriesD.it contains antioxidants(2).The phrase “when the mercury starts to rise” (Para.1) probably means “ ”. （分数：1.00）A.in summer ev

41、eningsB.on sunny daysC.when people are thirstyD.when it is getting hot(3).How many cups of watermelon can satisfy the daily need for vitamin C?（分数：1.00）A.1B.2C.3D.4(4).By saying “Think of them as natures answer to the heavily marketed” vitamin water “craze”, the author means . （分数：1.00）A.watermelon

42、can take the place of vitaminsB.with watermelon, people dont have to buy vitamin waterC.natural foods are much better than the manufactured onesD.the vitamin water has been over-advertised(5).Watermelon seeds are often . （分数：1.00）A.fried in oilB.stored for seasonsC.prepared with spiceD.pressed befor

43、e being cooked(6).The best title of the passage is . （分数：1.00）A.Watermelon-the Most Enjoyable RefreshmentB.The Wonders of WatermelonC.The Nutrients in WatermelonD.Watermelon-the Best Summer Food for ChildrenPassage Four Initial voyages into space introduced questions scientists had never before cons

44、idered. Could an astronaut swallow food in zero gravity? To keep things simple, astronauts on the Project Mercury ate foods squeezed out of tubes. It was like serving them baby food in a toothpaste container. But these early tube meals were flavorless, and astronauts dropped too many pounds. “We kno

45、w that astronauts have lost weight in every American and Russian manned flight,” wrote NASA scientists Malcolm Smith in 1969. “We dont know why.” Feeding people in space was not as easy as it looked. Floating around in space isnt as relaxing as it might sound. Astronauts expend a lot of energy and e

46、ndure extreme stresses on their bodies. Their dietary requirements are therefore different from those of their gravity-bound counterparts on Earth. For example, they need extra calcium to compensate for bone loss. “A low-salt diet helps slow the process, but there are no refrigerators in space, and

47、salt is often used to help preserve foods,” says Vickie Kloeris of NASA. “We have to be very careful of that.” By the Apollo missions, NASA had developed a nutritionally balanced menu with a wide variety of options. Of course, all the items were freeze-dried or heat-treated to kill bacteria, and the

48、y didnt look like regular food. Today, the most elaborate outer-space meals are consumed in the International Space Station (ISS), where astronauts enjoy everything from steak to chocolate cake. The ISS is a joint venture between the U.S. and Russia, and diplomatic guidelines dictate the percentage

49、of food an astronaut must eat from each country. NASAs food laboratory has 185 different menu items, Russia offers around 100, and when Japan sent up its first crew member in 2008, about 30 dishes came with him. Due to dietary restrictions and storage issues, astronauts still cant eat with whatever they want whenever they feel like it. In 2008, NASA astronaut and ISS crew member Sandra Magnus became the first person to try to cook a meal in space. It took her over an hour to cook onio