【考研类试卷】厦门大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2014年及答案解析.doc

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1、厦门大学翻译硕士英语学位 MTI 考试真题 2014 年及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、(一)汉译英(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.应收款 （分数：1.00）_2.张伯伦 （分数：1.00）_3.蜈蚣 （分数：1.00）_4.化学需氧量 （分数：1.00）_5.参赞 （分数：1.00）_6.太阳能电池板 （分数：1.00）_7.艾条 （分数：1.00）_8.金边(柬埔寨首都) （分数：1.00）_9.孔子学院 （分数：1.00）_10.过山车 （分数：1.00）_11.市盈率 （分数：1.00）_12.饲料添加剂 （分数

2、：1.00）_13.双开(一种纪律处分) （分数：1.00）_14.以房养老 （分数：1.00）_15.英国财政大臣 （分数：1.00）_三、(二)英译汉(总题数：15，分数：15.00)16.limestone （分数：1.00）_17.RFID （分数：1.00）_18.hamstring （分数：1.00）_19.Bremenhaven （分数：1.00）_20.mangrove （分数：1.00）_21.rector （分数：1.00）_22.Halal food （分数：1.00）_23.conservatory （分数：1.00）_24.credit crunch （分数：1.00

3、）_25.to read tea leaves （分数：1.00）_26.meritocracy （分数：1.00）_27.Armistice Day （分数：1.00）_28.Galeries lafayette （分数：1.00）_29.Jockey Club （分数：1.00）_30.A flash in the pan （分数：1.00）_四、语篇英译汉(总题数：2，分数：60.00)31.The question before us is no longer the nature of the challengethe question is our capacity to meet

4、 it. For while the reality of climate change is not in doubt, I have to be honest, as the world watches us today, I think our ability to take collective action is in doubt right now and it hangs in the balance. I believe we can act boldly, and decisively, in the face of a common threat. That“s why I

5、 come here todaynot to talk, but to act. Now, as the world“s largest economy and as the world“s second largest emitter, America bears our responsibility to address climate change, and we intend to meet that responsibility. That“s why we“ve renewed our leadership within international climate negotiat

6、ions. That“s why we“ve worked with other nations to phase out fossil fuel subsidies. That“s why we“ve taken bold action at homeby making historic investments in renewable energy; by putting our people to work increasing efficiency in our homes and buildings; and by pursuing comprehensive legislation

7、 to transform to a clean energy economy. These mitigation actions are ambitious, and we are taking them not simply to meet global responsibilities. We are convinced that changing the way that we produce and use energy is essential to America“s economic futurethat it will create millions of new jobs,

8、 power new industries, keep us competitive, and spark new innovation. （分数：30.00）_32.The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed. The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might. Many in these c

9、ountries are looking at this process and worrying: “Won“t the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?“ There“s no question that the big are getting bigger and more powerful. Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% of international trade in 19

10、82. Today the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly. International affiliates account for a fast-growing segment of production in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen

11、 and over the ultimate stability of the world economy. I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M by putting our people to work increasing efficiency in our homes and buildings; and by pursuing comprehensive legislation to transform to a clean energy economy. These mitigation acti

12、ons are ambitious, and we are taking them not simply to meet global responsibilities. We are convinced that changing the way that we produce and use energy is essential to America“s economic futurethat it will create millions of new jobs, power new industries, keep us competitive, and spark new inno

13、vation. （分数：30.00）_正确答案：()解析：我们面临的问题不再是这一挑战的性质，而是我们应对这一挑战的能力。因为尽管气候变化的现实已毋庸置疑，但恕我直言，在今天全世界都注视着我们的时候，我认为现在我们共同采取行动的能力还难以确定，能否解决问题依然是个未知数。 我相信面对这一共同威胁，我们能够采取勇敢、果断的行动。这就是我为什么来到这里的原因不是为了高谈阔论，而是为了付诸行动。 作为全世界最大的经济体和排放量名列第二的国家，美国在应对气候变化方面有自己的一份责任，我们准备尽这份责任。这就是为什么我们重新在国际气候变化谈判中发挥主导作用的原因。这就是为什么我们与其他国家共同努力，逐步

14、取消化石燃料补贴的原因。这就是为什么我们在国内采取果敢行动的原因对可再生能源进行前所未有的投资；要求我国相关人员努力提高住宅和建筑物的能效；争取通过综合立法向清洁能源经济转化。 这些减排行动意义深远。我们采取这些行动不仅是为了履行全球责任。我们相信改变我们生产和使用能源的方式对美国经济的未来必不可少。这样做将创造数以百万计新的就业岗位，为新兴行业提供动力，保持我们的竞争力并激发新的创新。 解析 For while the reality of climate change is not in doubt, I have to be honest, as the world watches us

15、 today, I think our ability to take collective action is in doubt right now and it hangs in the balance. 本句介绍了在气候变化严重的现实面前，人们采取共同行动的能力欠缺。句中出现了两处“in doubt”和一处“hang in the balance”，用来表示“安危未定，情况悬而未决”。翻译中为了避免重复，第一处的否定可译为“毋庸置疑”，第二处可译为“还难以确定”，第三处可译为“是个未知数”，虽表达了相同的意思，但不同表达的使用体现了语言的多样性。 因为尽管气候变化的现实已毋庸置疑，但恕我

16、直言，在今天全世界都注视着我们的时候，我认为现在我们共同采取行动的能力还难以确定，能否解决问题依然是个未知数。 I believe we can act boldly, and decisively, in the face of a common threat. 原句中的“boldly”和“decisively”使用的是副词形式，修饰动词“act”，翻译时若按照原文的表达可以译为“勇敢地、果断地行动”，同时也可以按照参考译文，将原文的词性转换，将其处理为形容词，加上中文的动词“采取”，译为“采取勇敢、果断的行动”。 我相信面对这一共同威胁，我们能够采取勇敢、果断的行动。 That“s why

17、 we“ve renewed our leadership within international climate negotiations. That“s why we“ve worked with other nations to phase out fossil fuel subsidies. That“s why we“ve taken bold action at homeby making historic investments in renewable energy; by putting our people to work increasing efficiency in

18、 our homes and buildings; and by pursuing comprehensive legislation to transform to a clean energy economy. 熟悉奥巴马演讲的考生肯定知道，奥巴马演讲中特别擅长使用排比句来增强演讲的气势，与听者产生共鸣。虽然在翻译中，我们强调要减少语言重复现象，但是若重复是为了增强语气效果，那么这种语言上的重复现象应该保留。因此，参考译文用了多次的“这就是为什么”，而非将其合并为一句。 这就是为什么我们重新在国际气候变化谈判中发挥主导作用的原因。这就是为什么我们与其他国家共同努力，逐步取消化石燃料补贴的原

19、因。这就是为什么我们在国内采取果敢行动的原因对可再生能源进行前所未有的投资；要求我国相关人员努力提高住宅和建筑物的能效；争取通过综合立法向清洁能源经济转化。 We are convinced that changing the way that we produce and use energy is essential to America“s economic futurethat it will create millions of new jobs, power new industries, keep us competitive, and spark new innovation.

20、 “we are convinced.”用于表达说话人的信念，可译为“我们相信”。“be essential to”的意思是“对必要的”，这里可译为“必不可少的”。这句话中使用破折号连接了两层含义，翻译时为了避免句子过长，可让破折号后的部分独立成句，这也符合演讲中语句尽量简洁短小的要求。 我们相信改变我们生产和使用能源的方式对美国经济的未来必不可少。这样做将创造数以百万计新的就业岗位，为新兴行业提供动力，保持我们的竞争力并激发新的创新。32.The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever

21、witnessed. The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might. Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying: “Won“t the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?“ There“s no ques

22、tion that the big are getting bigger and more powerful. Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% of international trade in 1982. Today the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly. International affiliates account for a fast-growing segment of production in economies that open up an

23、d welcome foreign investment. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy. I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M of course, in this way the joy of reading is

24、 nowhere to be seen; instead reading makes people feel a bit timid and afraid. Today, many of us have lost all the elegant state and mood while reading, but mostly in pursuit of wealth and interest by the excuse of reading, turning it into nothing but merely a decoration. 解析 我十分同意杨绛先生关于读书的观点。 “十分同意”

25、用“十分”强调了语气，翻译为英文时使用了比较级的否定形式“couldn“t.more”来表示最高级的含义，表示“再同意不过了”。 I couldn“t agree with Ms. Yang Jiang“s view on reading more. 读书好比串门儿，要参见钦佩的老师或拜谒有名的学者，不必事前打招呼求见，也不怕搅扰主人。 这句话首先将“读书”比作了“串门儿”，之后又升华为“拜见有名的学者”，因此翻译时可将这两部分分开译为两个句子。“拜谒”一词指的是“带有敬意的拜见”，因此参考译文不用“visit”，而是使用“pay homage to sb.”这个表达。 I would com

26、pare reading to visiting friends. Visiting a well-respected teacher or paying homage to a renowned scholar doesn“t necessarily require appointment in advance and we won“t feel as if we were disturbing him. 翻开书面就闯进大门，翻过几页就登堂入室；而且可以经常去，时刻去，如果不得要领，还可以不辞而别或者另请高明。 这句话是连续的三个阶段，因此可按照顺序翻译为三个句子，首先是“翻过几页就登堂入室

27、”，注意，这里的“登堂入室”指的是“学者的书房”，因此可译为“study”。这里的“得要领”可以译为“get the pith/grasp the gist”。“不辞而别”还可以译为“take French leave”。 Opening the book is like getting into the door uninvited, and turning a few pages, we may find ourselves in his study. Besides, we can go visit him as frequently as we want and at any time

28、 we wish. If we fail to get the pith of his argument, we can just leave without saying “good-bye“ or turn to someone else for help. 读书是为了寻找黄金屋、千钟粟和颜如玉的，因而就要头悬梁、锥刺股。 这句话中含有中国古代的典故，为了保留中国语言的原汁原味，参考译文并没有全部采用意译的手法，而是夹带说明地将原意展现给了读者。需要注意的是千钟粟中的“钟”是古代的一种计量单位，经查证“千钟”相当于“二十万千克”，因此参考译文将其转换为了现代的计量单位，若考生不知道具体的换

29、算方法还可以使用相应的约数，译为“hundreds of thousands of kilograms”。“头悬梁、锥刺股”之后添加了“古代人读书时为了保持清醒的做法”，既保留了原文的含义，也能让读者明白译文所表达的真正意思。If reading is only to search for the house of gold, the 200-thousand kilograms of millet and the beauty, we have to tie our hair on the house beam and jab our side with a needle to keep o

30、urselves awake while reading like the ancient people used to do. 今天我们中的许多人，读书更是全然没有风雅境界和心境了，多是借读书之名，取利禄之实，读书不过是一种装潢而已。 “借读书之名”译为了“用读书作为幌子”；“取利禄之实”译为了“追求财富与利益”；最后的“读书不过是一种装潢而已”参考译文使用“动词+ing”结构作结果状语。 Today, many of us have lost all the elegant state and mood while reading, but mostly in pursuit of wealth and interest by the excuse of reading, turning it into nothing but merely a decoration.