【考研类试卷】中国科学院硕士英语-13及答案解析.doc

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1、中国科学院硕士英语-13 及答案解析(总分：37.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.It will be very helpful if parents have seen the school environment and know what kind of tasks the school will _ on the daily life of their child.（分数：0.50）A.composeB.imposeC.disposeD.expose2.They drifted on the lake, fishing

2、 and catching shrimp to _.（分数：0.50）A.get byB.get overC.get alongD.get across3.It“s very difficult to _ the exact meaning of an idiom in a foreign language.（分数：0.50）A.exchangeB.transferC.convertD.convey4.There“s a _ in the fact that although we“re living longer than ever before, people are more obses

3、sed with health issues than they ever were.（分数：0.50）A.paradoxB.dilemmaC.polarityD.misconception5.France will lower its tax rate on food and drinks at restaurants in hopes of _ tourists and locals to struggling cafes, which means a saving of $7.05 on a $50 meal.（分数：0.50）A.usheringB.initiatingC.luring

4、D.trapping6.Many advertisers remain _ of the Internet and question how heavily to rely on it.（分数：0.50）A.inconsistentB.supportiveC.skepticalD.prospective7.In some California housing estates, a key alone is insufficient to get someone in the door; his or her voiceprint must also be _.（分数：0.50）A.duplic

5、atedB.perceivedC.acquiredD.verified8.The author skillfully fuses these fragments into a _ whole.（分数：0.50）A.congestiveB.corporateC.collaborativeD.cohesive9.Autobiographical advertising can _ consumers“ past memories about the product or brand.（分数：0.50）A.exaggerateB.excavateC.extractD.evoke10.In the 1

6、970s, he became a tireless promoter for the drug as a cure for depressionwhich he once suffered fromand other _.（分数：0.50）A.ailmentsB.therapiesC.tollsD.addictions11.In a global economy that has produced more dramatic ups and downs than anyone thought possible, Asia may be _ another disheartening plun

7、ge.（分数：0.50）A.taking inB.heading forC.longing forD.spreading out12.If the expert advice is more positive, will the parents be able to _ attitudes which have built up over decades in a few days?（分数：0.50）A.approve ofB.shrug offC.show offD.pickup13.A taxicab and a laundry truck missed each other by inc

8、hes on Sixth Avenue, stopping in such a position that each _ the other“s progress.（分数：0.50）A.imploredB.implementedC.impededD.imparted14._ his seeming rebellion against middle-class values, he remains essentially middle-class.（分数：0.50）A.Instead ofB.As forC.For allD.But for15.Hearing the news, she cou

9、ld feel anger _ inside her.（分数：0.50）A.stumblingB.staggeringC.twistingD.surging16._ Mr. Hall admits that he pushed too hard, and ultimately his efforts failed.（分数：0.50）A.In essenceB.In due courseC.on averageD.In retrospect17.Abruptly the ground fell away from our feet, and an _ void opened before us.

10、（分数：0.50）A.anxiousB.audibleC.awesomeD.amiable18.Many animals are on the _ of disappearing from the face of the earth and zoos can provide them with a safe place to live and breed.（分数：0.50）A.rangeB.vergeC.partD.link19.If costs continue to _, the state will not be able to afford this scheme for long,

11、and it will become unpopular.（分数：0.50）A.soarB.shootC.swingD.settle20.In her new novel Annabel, reviewed this week in the magazine, Kathleen Winter _ the nature-nurture divide.（分数：0.50）A.outgrowsB.exploresC.perceivesD.contends二、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：15.00)“Pain,“ as Albert Schweitzer once said, “is a m

12、ore terrible lord of mankind than even death itself.“ Prolonged pain destroys the quality of life. It can 1 the will to live, at times 2 people to suicide. The physical effects are equally 3 . Severe, persistent pain can spoil sleep and appetite, 4 producing fatigue and reducing the availability of

13、nutrients to organs. It may 5 delay recovery from illness or injury and, in weakened or elderly patients, may make the difference between life and death. 6 , there are some kinds of pain that existing treatments cannot ease. 7 doctors can do little in these cases is terribly distressing for everyone

14、 involved but is certainly 8 . What seems less understandable is that many people suffer not because their discomfort is untreatable but because physicians are often reluctant to 9 morphine. Morphine is the safest, most effective painkiller known for constant, severe pain, but it is also 10 for some

15、 people. 11 , it is rarely prescribed. Indeed, concern over addiction has 12 many nations in Europe and elsewhere to ban 13 any uses of morphine anti related substances, including their medical applications. Even 14 morphine is a legal medical therapy, as it is in Great Britain and the U.S., many do

16、ctors, afraid of turning patients into addicts, 15 amounts that are too small to control pain.（分数：15.00）A.boostB.erodeC.wearD.distractA.drivingB.driveC.drivesD.drivenA.compoundB.comprehensibleC.exhaustiveD.profoundA.withB.wherebyC.therebyD.asA.thusB.thoughC.alongD.insteadA.FortunatelyB.SadlyC.Notabl

17、yD.PromptlyA.ThoughB.WhichC.ThatD.WhileA.understandableB.shamefulC.worryingD.puzzlingA.promoteB.produceC.prescribeD.presentA.strongB.costlyC.ineffectiveD.addictiveA.ConsequentlyB.ConclusivelyC.HoweverD.MeanwhileA.urgedB.enhancedC.ledD.stimulatedA.presentlyB.virtuallyC.decisivelyD.promptlyA.whenB.tho

18、ughC.whichD.whereA.administeringB.administerC.administeredD.to administer三、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Germany, Europe“s economic powerhouse, does not lack courage: it rebounded from two world wars, digested reunification and has now powered ahead of neighbors still r

19、eeling from the financial crisis. It overhauled a rigid labor market and raised the retirement age to 67 with little fuss. Most recently, it simply decided to abandon nuclear power. With this boldness at the top comes obedience at the bottom82 million Germans will wait at a pedestrian red light, eve

20、n with no car in sight. But when it comes to empowering women, no Teutonic drive or respect seems to workeven under one of the world“s most powerful women, Chancellor Angela Merkel. Despite a batch of government measures and ever more passionate debate about gender roles, only about 14 percent of Ge

21、rman mothers with one child resume full-time work, and only 6 percent of those with two. All 30 German stock index companies are run by men. Nationwide, a single woman presides on a supervisory board: Dr. Simone Bagel-Trah at Henkel. Eighteen months after the International Herald Tribune launched a

22、series on the state of women in the 21st century with a look at Germany, the country has emerged as a test case for the push-and-pull of economics and tradition. For the developed world, Germany“s situation suggests that puzzling out how to remove enduring barriers to women“s further progress is one

23、 of the hardest questions to solve. In all European countries, from the traditionally macho southern rim to more egalitarian Nordic nations, the availability and affordability of child care, intertwined with traditional ideas about gender roles, have proved key factors in determining gender equality

24、. The nature of male networks is another telling factor. Women remain a striking minority in top corporate circles, even in fiercely egalitarian countries like Sweden or the US where opportunities often go with one“s abilities. Very few countries approach 20 percent female representation on corporat

25、e executive boards. Yet if Swedish executive suites boast 17 percent women and the United States and Britain 14 Percent, in Germany it is 2 percentas in India, according to McKinsey“s 2010 Women Matter report. One of the countries in most need of female talentGerman birthrate is among the lowest in

26、Europe and labor shortages in skilled technical professions are already 150,000Germany is a place where gender stereotypes remain engrained in the mind, and in key institutions across society.（分数：12.00）(1).The first two paragraphs describe _.（分数：2.00）A.practical German leadership in various fieldsB.

27、retired German workers“ livesC.a successful Germany since World War D.a German style of dealing with crises(2).According to the author, under the leadership of Chancellor Angela Merkel _.（分数：2.00）A.females must have been allowed to take some full-time jobsB.women might have been supported to become

28、strongerC.discussions should have been held about women“s importanceD.women should have become more powerful than they are now(3).The author mentions Dr. Simone Bagel-Trah in order to show _.（分数：2.00）A.the potential for females to become top executivesB.the scarcity of female CEOs in the countryC.th

29、e inferiority of female CEOs to male onesD.the strength of a company led by a female(4).The phrase “the push-and-pull of economics and tradition“ (in Paragraph 5) refers to the fact that _.（分数：2.00）A.economic progress needs efforts by both gendersB.traditional gender roles remain in modern societyC.

30、economic needs conflict with traditional mindsetsD.traditional gender bias makes an economy even worse(5).Which of the following situations forms a barrier to European women“s progress?（分数：2.00）A.A woman may feel very proud with all her colleagues being male.B.A babysitter may find it very hard to m

31、ake the hostess satisfied.C.Men“s friendship is thought to be much stronger than women“s.D.Women are deemed more capable than men only at home.(6).By writing this passage, the author aims to suggest that in Germany the improvement of women“s social roles is _.（分数：2.00）A.essentialB.debatableC.hopeles

32、sD.formidable中国科学院硕士英语-13 答案解析(总分：37.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.It will be very helpful if parents have seen the school environment and know what kind of tasks the school will _ on the daily life of their child.（分数：0.50）A.composeB.impose C.disposeD.expose解析：解析 A 项“compose”意为“组

33、成，构成；作曲”；B 项“impose”意为“征税；把强加于”；C 项“dispose”意为“排列，布置；安排，处理”；D 项“expose”意为“暴露；使遭受”。本句是说学校给孩子布置作业，因此选择 B。2.They drifted on the lake, fishing and catching shrimp to _.（分数：0.50）A.get by B.get overC.get alongD.get across解析：解析 A 项“get by”意为“通过；设法；继续存在”；B 项“get over”意为“克服；使渡过；走完”；C 项“get along”意为“相处，进展；前进”

34、；D 项“get across”意为“使被理解，被接受”。本句是说他们通过打鱼捕虾为生，因此选择 A。3.It“s very difficult to _ the exact meaning of an idiom in a foreign language.（分数：0.50）A.exchangeB.transferC.convertD.convey 解析：解析 A 项“exchange”意为“更换，交换”；B 项“transfer”意为“改变，转变”；C 项“convert”意为“使转变，使转化”；D 项“convey”意为“传播，传递；表达，传达”。本句是说在外语中传达成语的含义，因此选择

35、 D。4.There“s a _ in the fact that although we“re living longer than ever before, people are more obsessed with health issues than they ever were.（分数：0.50）A.paradox B.dilemmaC.polarityD.misconception解析：解析 A 项“paradox”意为“似是而非的矛盾说法”；B 项“dilemma”意为“进退两难的困境，窘境”；C 项“polarity”意为“极；正好相反”；D 项“misconception”意

36、为“误解，错误印象”。本句谈到了一个悖论，因此是“似是而非的矛盾说法”，故选 A。5.France will lower its tax rate on food and drinks at restaurants in hopes of _ tourists and locals to struggling cafes, which means a saving of $7.05 on a $50 meal.（分数：0.50）A.usheringB.initiatingC.luring D.trapping解析：解析 A 项“ushering”意为“引，领；招待”；B 项“initiatin

37、g”意为“开始，创始”；C 项“luring”意为“吸引，引诱，诱惑”；D 项“trapping”意为“设陷阱捕捉”。本句是说降低税率吸引游客，因此选择 C。6.Many advertisers remain _ of the Internet and question how heavily to rely on it.（分数：0.50）A.inconsistentB.supportiveC.skeptical D.prospective解析：解析 A 项“inconsistent”意为“不一致的，不协调的”；B 项“supportive”意为“支持的，维持的”；C 项“skeptical”

38、意为“惯于怀疑的，表示怀疑的”；D 项“prospective”意为“预期的，未来的，即将发生的”。本句是说客户对互联网持怀疑态度，因此选择 C。7.In some California housing estates, a key alone is insufficient to get someone in the door; his or her voiceprint must also be _.（分数：0.50）A.duplicatedB.perceivedC.acquiredD.verified 解析：解析 A 项“duplicate”意为“复制”；B 项“perceive”意为“

39、感知，感受”；C 项“acquire”意为“取得，获得”：D 项“verify”意为“证明，证实，核实，查清”。本句是说需要验证他们的声音，因此选择 D。8.The author skillfully fuses these fragments into a _ whole.（分数：0.50）A.congestiveB.corporateC.collaborativeD.cohesive 解析：解析 A 项给“congestive”意为“充血的；引起拥堵的”；B 项“corporate”意为“(结成)社团的，合伙的”；C 项“collaborative”意为“合作的，协作的，协力完成的”；D

40、项“cohesive”意为“团结的，有聚合性的”。本句是说作者将这些片段结合成整体，因此选择 D。9.Autobiographical advertising can _ consumers“ past memories about the product or brand.（分数：0.50）A.exaggerateB.excavateC.extractD.evoke 解析：解析 A 项“exaggerate”意为“夸张，夸大”；B 项“excavate”意为“挖空，挖掘”；C 项“extract”意为“(费力地)取出；采掘，提炼”；D 项“evoke”意为“唤起，引起；使人想起”。句子是说广

41、告引起消费者的回忆，因此选择 D。10.In the 1970s, he became a tireless promoter for the drug as a cure for depressionwhich he once suffered fromand other _.（分数：0.50）A.ailments B.therapiesC.tollsD.addictions解析：解析 A 项“ailments”意为“疾病，病痛”；B 项“therapies”意为“疗法，治疗”；C 项“tolls”意为“(事故等)伤亡人数”；D 项“addictions”意为“入迷，嗜好”。本句是说治疗其他

42、疾病，因此选择 A。11.In a global economy that has produced more dramatic ups and downs than anyone thought possible, Asia may be _ another disheartening plunge.（分数：0.50）A.taking inB.heading for C.longing forD.spreading out解析：解析 A 项“taking in”意为“吸引；领会；包括”；B 项“heading for”意为“朝进发，奔，走向”；C 项“longing for”意为“渴望；羡慕

43、；憧憬”；D 项“spreading out，”意为“伸展，延长；分散”。本句是说亚洲经济可能会走向暴跌，因此选择 B。12.If the expert advice is more positive, will the parents be able to _ attitudes which have built up over decades in a few days?（分数：0.50）A.approve ofB.shrug off C.show offD.pickup解析：解析 A 项“approve of”意为“赞成，赞同”；B 项“shrug off”意为“耸肩表示蔑视；摆脱”；C

44、 项“show off”意为“炫耀，卖弄”；D 项“pick up”意为“捡起；得到；学会”。本句是说父母摆脱数十年积累的态度，因此选择 B。13.A taxicab and a laundry truck missed each other by inches on Sixth Avenue, stopping in such a position that each _ the other“s progress.（分数：0.50）A.imploredB.implementedC.impeded D.imparted解析：解析 A 项“implored”意为“恳求，乞求”；B 项“imple

45、mented”意为“使生效，履行，实施”；C 项“impeded”意为“妨碍，阻碍，阻止”；D 项“imparted”意为“给予，传授；告知，通知”。本句是说两辆车阻碍了其他车辆的通行，因此选择 C。14._ his seeming rebellion against middle-class values, he remains essentially middle-class.（分数：0.50）A.Instead ofB.As forC.For all D.But for解析：解析 A 项“instead of”意为“代替；而不是”；B 项“as for”意为“至于，关于”；C 项“for

46、 all”意为“尽管，虽然”；D 项“but for”意为“要不是”。本句是说尽管他反对中产阶级的价值观，因此选择 C。15.Hearing the news, she could feel anger _ inside her.（分数：0.50）A.stumblingB.staggeringC.twistingD.surging 解析：解析 A 项“stumbling”意为“绊脚，绊倒；结结巴巴地说”；B 项“staggering”意为“摇晃，蹒跚”；C 项“twisting”意为“使转动，使盘绕，使扭转”；D 项“surging”意为“起伏，汹涌，猛冲”。本句是说内心汹涌澎湃，因此选择 D

47、。16._ Mr. Hall admits that he pushed too hard, and ultimately his efforts failed.（分数：0.50）A.In essenceB.In due courseC.on averageD.In retrospect 解析：解析 A 项“in essence”意为“本质上；大体上；其实”；B 项“in due course”意为“在今后适当的时候”；C 项“on average”意为“平均来说”；D 项“in retrospect”意为“回想起来，回顾往事”。本句是说霍尔先生现在回想起来，因此选择 D。17.Abruptl

48、y the ground fell away from our feet, and an _ void opened before us.（分数：0.50）A.anxiousB.audibleC.awesome D.amiable解析：解析 A 项“anxious”意为“焦虑的，发愁的”；B 项“audible”意为“听得见的”；C 项“awesome”意为“令人敬畏的，令人惊叹的”；D 项“amiable”意为“和蔼可亲的；令人愉悦的”。句子是说面前出现了一个可怕的空洞，因此选择 C。18.Many animals are on the _ of disappearing from the

49、face of the earth and zoos can provide them with a safe place to live and breed.（分数：0.50）A.rangeB.verge C.partD.link解析：解析 A 项“range”意为“山脉；排，行，走向”；B 项“verge”意为“边，边沿，边缘”；C项“part”意为“一部分，组成部分”；D 项“link”意为“连接，纽带”。句子是说许多动物濒临灭绝，因此选择 B。19.If costs continue to _, the state will not be able to afford this scheme