【考研类试卷】中国科学院真题2011年3月及答案解析.doc

《【考研类试卷】中国科学院真题2011年3月及答案解析.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《【考研类试卷】中国科学院真题2011年3月及答案解析.doc（39页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、中国科学院真题 2011年 3月及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part VOCABULARY(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.My father was a nuclear engineer, a very academically _ man with multiple degrees from prestigious institutions.A. promoted B. activated C. oriented D. functioned（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.2.Public _ for the usually low-budget, hig

2、h-quality films has enabled the independent film industry to grow and thrive.A. appreciation B. recognition C. gratitude D. tolerance（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.3.Dirty Jobs on the Discovery Channel, an unlikely television program, has become a surprising success with a _ fan base.A. contributed B. devoted C.

3、revered D. scared（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.4.Pop culture doesnt _ to strict rules; it enjoys being jazzy, unpredictable, chaotic.A. adhere B. lend C. expose D. commit（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.5.Intellectual property is a kind of _ monopoly, which should be used properly or else would disrupt healthy competition order

4、.A. legible B. legendary C. lenient D. legitimate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.6.I am thankful to the company for giving me such a chance, and I earnestly hope that I will _ everyones expectations.A. boil down to B. look forward to C. live up to D. catch on to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.7.The image of an unfortunate reside

5、nt having to climb 20 flights of stairs because the lift is _ is now a common one.A. out of the way B. on order C. out of order D. in no way（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.8.My eyes had become _ to the now semi-darkness, so I could pick out shapes about seventy-five yards away.A. inclined B. accustomed C. vulnerab

6、le D. sensitive（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.9.Despite what Id been told about the local peoples attitude to strangers, _ did I encounter any rudeness.A. at no time B. in no time C. at any time D. at some time（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.10.In times of severe _ companies are often forced to make massive job cuts in order to

7、 survive.A. retreat B. retrospect C. reduction D. recession（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.11.Sport was integral to the national and local press, TV and, to a diminishing _, to radio.A. extent B. scope C. scale D. range（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.12.Unless your handwriting is _, or the form specifically asks for typewriting,

8、 the form should be neatly handwritten.A. illegitimate B. illegal C. illegible D. illiterate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.13.The profession fell into _, with some physicists sticking to existing theories, while others came up with the big-bang theory.A. harmony B. turmoil C. distortion D. accord（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.

9、14.With the purchasing power of many middle-class households _ behind the cost of living, there was an urgent demand for credit.A. leaving B. levering C. lacking D. lagging（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.15.Frank stormed into the room and _ the door, but it wasnt that easy to close the door on what Jack had said.A

10、. slashed B. slammed C. slipped D. slapped（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.16.When I was having dinner with you and Edward at his apartment, I sensed a certain _ between the two of you.A. intimacy B. proximity C. discrepancy D. diversity（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.17.I decided to _ between Ralph and his brother, who were argu

11、ing endlessly.A. interfere B. intervene C. interrupt D. interact（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.18.“I mean Gildas and Ludens are both wise, reasonable and tactful; but naturally theyre _, they want to know whats happening, and make judgments on it all. “A. indifferent B. innocent C. inquisitive D. instinctive（分数：0

12、.50）A.B.C.D.19.In Africa HIV and AIDS continue to _ the population; nearly 60 percent of those infected are women.A. alleviate B. boost C. capture D. ravage（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.20.By the end of the Spring and Autumn Period slave society was _ disintegration.A. on the ground of B. on the top of C. in the

13、 light of D. on the verge of（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Part CLOZE TEST(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Tomorrow Japan and South Korea will celebrate White Day, an annual event when men are expected to buy a gift for the adored women in their lives. It is a relatively new (21) that was commercially created as payback for Val

14、entines Day. Thats (22) in both countries, 14 February is all about the man.On Valentines Day, women are expected to buy all the important male (23) in their lives a token gift= not just their partners, (24) their bosses or older relatives too.This seems (25) enough. Surely its reasonable for men to

15、 be indulged on one day of the year, (26) the number of times theyre expected to produce bouquets of flowers and (27) their woman with perfume or pearls.But the idea of a woman (28) a man didnt sit easily with people. In 1978, the National Confectionery Industry Association (糖果业协会) (29) an idea to s

16、olve this problem. They started to market white chocolate that men could give to women on 14 March, as (30) for the male-oriented Valentines Day.It started with a handful of sweet makers producing candy (31) a simple gift idea. The day (32) the public imagination, and is now a nationally (33) date i

17、n the diary and one where men are (34) to whip out their credit cards. In fact, men are now expected to give gifts worth (35) the value of those they received. What a complication: not only do men have to remember who bought them what, they have to estimate the value and multiply it by three.（分数：15.

18、00）(1).A. copy B. concept C. choice D. belief（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. because B. as C. so D. why（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. clients B. friends C. figures D. colleagues（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. but B. and C. instead of D. rather than（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. odd B. good C. fair D. rare（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A.

19、given B. if C. but D. though（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A. attract B. frustrate C. surprise D. touch（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(8).A. supporting B. spoiling C. comforting D. fooling（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(9).A. came up with B. came out of C. came up to D. came along with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(10).A. companion B. compromise C.

20、competence D. compensation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(11).A. via B. as C. with D. for（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(12).A. captured B. appealed C. favored D. held（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(13).A. documented B. recognized C. illustrated D. scheduled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(14).A. volunteered B. embarrassed C. sponsored D. obliged（分数：1.00）

21、A.B.C.D.(15).A. triple B. double C. fourfold D. equal（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、Part READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：6.00)At many colleges, smokers are being run not just out of school buildings but off the premises. On Nov. 19, the University of Kentucky, the to

22、bacco states flagship public institution, launched a campus wide ban on cigarettes and all other forms of tobacco on school grounds and parking areas. Pro-nicotine students staged a “smoke-out“ to protest the new policy, which even rules out smoking inside cars if theyre on school property.Kentucky

23、joins more than 365 U.S. colleges and universities that in recent years have instituted antismoking rules both indoors and out. In most places, the issue doesnt seem to be secondhand smoke. Rather, the rationale for going smoke-free in wide open spaces is a desire to model healthy behavior.Purdue Un

24、iversity, which has 30-ft. buffer zones, recently considered adopting a campus wide ban but tempered its proposal after receiving campus input. Smoking will now be restricted to limited outdoor areas.One big problem with a total ban is enforcing it. Take the University of Iowa. In July 2008, the sch

25、ool went smoke-free in accordance with the Iowa Smokefree Air Act, violations of which can result in a $50 fine. But so far, the university has ticketed only about 25 offenders. “Our campus is about 1,800 acres, so to think that we could keep track of who is smoking on campus at any given time isnt

26、really feasible,“ says Joni Troester, director of the universitys campus wellness program. Instead, the school helps those trying to kick the habit by offering smoking-cessation programs and providing reimbursement for nicotine patches, gum and prescription medications like Zyban.The University of M

27、ichigan will probably take a similar approach when its ban takes effect in July 2011. “We dont have a desire to give tickets or levy punishments,“ says Robert Winfield, the schools chief health officer. “We want to encourage people to stop smoking, set a good example for students and make this a hea

28、lthier community.“Naturally, there has been pushback from students. “Where do we draw the line between a culture of health and individual choice?“ asks Jonathan Slemrod, a University of Michigan senior and president of the schools College Libertarians. “If they truly want a culture of health, I expe

29、ct them to go through all our cafeterias and get rid of all our Taco Bells, all our pizza places. “Students might want to enjoy those Burrito Supremes while they can. In todays health-obsessed culture, those may be next.（分数：6.00）(1).We can infer that the “newness“ of the antismoking policy at the Un

30、iversity of Kentucky lies in _.A. its extended scope of no-smoking placesB. its prohibition of cigarette sales on campusC. its penalty for bring tobacco to schoolD. its ban on smoke when people are driving（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).By setting the antismoking rules the University of Kentucky mainly aims fo

31、r _.A. protecting students against passive smokingB. modeling itself on many other universitiesC. promoting the students health awarenessD. punishing those who dare smoke on campus（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).One of the problems enforcing the ban on smoking at the University of Iowa is _.A. limiting the smo

32、ke-free areas B. tracing smokers on campusC. forcing smokers to give up smoking D. providing alternative ways for smokers（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The word “levy“ (in Paragraph 5) most probably means _.A. impose B. avoid C. deserve D. receive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to Jonathan Slemrod, Taco Bell i

33、s _.A. a tobacco shop B. a school cafeteriaC. an organic food store D. an unhealthy food chain（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).The authors tone in the essay is _.A. radical B. optimistic C. objective D. critical（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：6.00)The familiar sounds of an early English summer are with

34、us once again. Millions of children sit clown to SATs, GCSEs, AS-levels, A-levels and a host of lesser exams, and the argument over educational standards starts. Depending on whom you listen to, we should either be letting up on over-examined pupils by abolishing SATs, and even GCSEs, or else making

35、 exams far more rigorous.The chorus will reach a peak when GCSE and A-level results are published in August. If pass rates rise again, commentators will say that standards are falling because exams are getting easier. If pass rates drop, they will say that standards are falling because children are

36、getting lower marks. Parents like myself try to ignore this and base our judgements on what our children are learning. But its not easy given how much education has changed since we were at school.Some trends are encouragingeducation has been made more relevant and enthuses many children that it wou

37、ld have previously bored. My sons A-level French revision involved listening to radio debates on current affairs, whereas mine involved rereading Molire. And among their peers, a far greater proportion stayed in education for longer.On the other hand, some aspects of schooling today are incomprehens

38、ible to my generation, such as graps in general knowledge and the hand-holding that goes with ensuring that students leave with good grades. Even when we parents resist the temptation to help with GCSE or A-level coursework, a teacher with the childs interests at heart may send a draft piece of work

39、 back several times with pointers to how it can be improved before the examiners see it.The debate about standards persists because there is no single objective answer to the question “Are standards better or worse than they were a generation ago?“ Each side points to indicators that favour them, in

40、 the knowledge that there is no authoritative definition, let alone a measure that has been consistently applied over the decades. But the annual soul-searching over exams is about more than student assessment. It reveals a national insecurity about whether our education system is teaching the right

41、 things. It is also fed by an anxiety about whether, in a country with a history of upholding standards by ensuring that plenty of students fail, we can attain the more modern objective of ensuring that every child leaves school with something to show for it.（分数：6.00）(1).It can be concluded from Par

42、agraph 1 that _.A. SATs is one of the most rigorous exams mentionedB. it has been debated if children should be given examsC. few parents approve of the exam systems in EnglandD. each year children have to face up to some new exams（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Parents try to judge the educational standards b

43、y _.A. whether their children have passed the examsB. what knowledge their children have acquiredC. what educators say about curriculum planningD. whether their childrens school scores are stable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).To the author, the rereading of Molire was _.A. dreary B. routine C. outmoded D. ard

44、uous（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).To the authors generation, it is beyond understanding today why _.A. teachers lay great stress on helping students obtain good gradesB. teachers show much concern for students futureC. parents help little with their childrens courseworkD. parents focus on their childrens gen

45、eral knowledge（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the passage, with respect to educational standards in Britain, _.A. no authorities have ever made a commentB. no one has ever tried to give them a definitionC. no effective ways have been taken to apply themD. no consistent yardstick has ever been used

46、（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).In the authors opinion, the school education in Britain has been _.A. inflexible B. irresponsible C. unsuccessful D. unforgivable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Suzan Fellman had a hard time with Laura Bushs redo of the famed guest quarters named for President Lin

47、coln: “Looking at it, I thought I was in a Radisson lobby somewhere in the Midwest long ago. I could not imagine spending a night in that space.“Done up with Victorian furnishings, the Lincoln Bedroom is one of the residences least-changed spaces, said Betty Monkman, formerly chief curator of the Wh

48、ite House for nearly 40 years. “Its a quasi-museum room,“ she said, “with a lot of objects, such as the bed, that have symbolic importance.“The elaborately carved bed bought for Lincoln is the centerpiece of the room.According to historian William Scale, the president was furious that his wife, Mary

49、, spent so much money redecorating the White House during a time of war. He never slept in the bed, and the ornate piece eventually was moved to a spare room.Los Angeles designer Fellman saw parallels, calling the Obama era a period of “pulling back on extravagance.“ It is a good time, she said, to revisit pieces in storage, to rearrange old furniture in a new fashion, and use paint and fa