【考研类试卷】中国科学院真题2010年10月及答案解析.doc

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1、中国科学院真题 2010 年 10 月及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part VOCABULARY(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.The dancers for the ballet were selected for similarity of height and build so that they might present a (an) _ appearance.A. ultimate B. deceptive C. homogeneous D. unanimous（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.2.It happened in a flash,

2、although _ everything seemed to occur in slow motion, as though I were watching from another planet.A. in return B. in practice C. in reality D. in retrospect（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.3.A couple were holding each other close to _ the cold wind that had sprung up.A. ward off B. shake off C. turn off D. take o

3、ff（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.4.The realization of all the potential profits _ depends on sufficient spending by employers, by the government or by those purchasing exports.A. intimately B. universally C. ultimately D. instinctively（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.5.The Association of University Teachers claims that taxpayers

4、money, _ for basic research, is being used to prop up industrial and other applied research projects.A. designed B. engaged C. oriented D. intended（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.6.History will always _ any intended route and take an unforeseen one instead.A. lead to B. deviate from C. pass through D. result from（

5、分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.7.There was something feverish, even _, in the manner in which shoppers crowded into shops in the last days before Christmas.A. desperate B. courageous C. discriminating D. courteous（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.8.He received the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences 1983 Crafoord Prize, established

6、to honor fields not _ for the Nobel Prize.A. advisable B. noticeable C. eligible D. favorable（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.9.On that trip, the loneliness was a little harder to handle, so I brought along our puppy to keep me _.A. company B. partner C. attendant D. fellowship（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.10.The most _ example

7、 of water pollution occurred in 1969, when the Cuyahoga River in Ohio caught fire and helped shock America into adopting the Clean Water Act.A. concrete B. precise C. positive D. notorious（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.11.They seek to _ the long-term goals for what music education ought to be in our society.A. se

8、t out B. set in C. set apart D. set back（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.12.Researchers found that teens who slept less than 6.5 hours a night were 2.5 times more likely than those who slept longer to have _ blood pressure.A. alternated B. accelerated C. elevated D. startled（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.13.Ricardo has shown gre

9、at _ in his determination to understand the theory of relativity.A. adherence B. persistence C. intuition D. fantasy（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.14.Hosting the 2008 Olympics provided China with an opportunity to _ its unprecedented progress.A. demonstrate B. deduce C. distinguish D. disperse（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.15.

10、The lawyer _ his ideas loudly and clearly in court, which surprised her a great deal.A. acclaimed B. admonished C. addressed D. asserted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.16.Monique is studying business administration because she wants to be a highly paid _ in a large company.A. primitive B. executive C. conservative

11、 D. representative（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.17.Competent students are those who can see the application of a theory or a concept to a specific _ example.A. empirical B. academic C. instinctive D. impulsive（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.18.After negotiation for some time, all the members of the association promised to _ to

12、 the strict code of practice.A. ascribe B. confirm C. adhere D. confide（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.19.So many people are _ with Google, the largest search engine that provides the most responses to search queries.A. haunted B. obsessed C. indulged D. addicted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.20.John has received offer letters

13、from three companies, but he wants to _ his options open, as he hasnt decided what kind of job he wants to do.A. take B. leave C. let D. make（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Part CLOZE TEST(总题数：1，分数：15.00)In a move to disseminate faculty research and scholarship more broadly, the Faculty of Arts and Sciences (FAS

14、) voted on Tuesday to give Harvard University a worldwide license to make each faculty members scholarly articles available and to exercise the copyright in the articles, (21) that the articles are not sold for a profit.“The goal of university research is the creation, dissemination, and (22) of kno

15、wledge. At Harvard, (23) so much of our research is of global significance, we have an essential responsibility to (24) the fruits of our scholarship as widely as possible,“ said Provost Steven E. Hyman. “Todays (25) in FAS will promote free and open (26) to significant, ongoing research. “Harvard w

16、ill take advantage of the (27) by hosting FAS faculty members scholarly articles in an open-access repository, making them available worldwide for (28) . The faculty member will (29) the copyright of the article, (30) the Universitys license. The repository contents can be made widely available to t

17、he (31) through search engines such as Google Scholar.This access will benefit scholars at all research (32) , which have seen their ability to (33) subscriptions to a full (34) of scholarly journals seriously compromised over the past few years. Research centers in poorer countries have been especi

18、ally (35) by the access limitations caused by the high cost of many journals, Shieber pointed out.（分数：15.00）(1).A. except B. so C. provided D. despite（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. preservation B. fascination C. contribution D. suspension（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. why B. where C. though D. while（分数：1.00）A.B.C

19、.D.(4).A. transmit B. accommodate C. transfer D. distribute（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. action B. campaign C. election D. function（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A. atmosphere B. accessC. attitude D. acknowledgement（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A. goal B. promotion C. license D. research（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(8).A. fun B. long C

20、. free D. good（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(9).A. retain B. remain C. refrain D. restrain（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(10).A. opposed to B. similar to C. pertinent to D. subject to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(11).A. staff B. public C. medium D. authority（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(12).A. structures B. markets C. institutions D. fragments（分数：1.

21、00）A.B.C.D.(13).A. maintain B. extend C. cancel D. combine（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(14).A. domain B. range C. report D. board（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(15).A. privileged B. sanctioned C. punished D. harmed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、Part READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The id

22、ea of building “New Towns“ to absorb growth is frequently considered a cure-all for urban problems. It is erroneously assumed that if new residents can be diverted from existing centers, the present urban situation at least will get no worse. It is further and equally erroneously assumed that since

23、European New Towns have been financially and socially successful, we can expect the same sorts of results in the United States.Present planning, thinking, and legislation will not produce the kinds of New Town that have been successful abroad. It will multiply suburbs or encourage developments in ar

24、eas where land is cheap and construction profitable rather than where New Towns are genuinely needed.Such ill-considered projects not only will fail to relieve pressures on existing cities but will, in fact, tend to weaken those cities further by drawing away high-income citizens and increasing the

25、concentration of low-income groups that are unable to provide tax revenues. The remaining taxpayers, accordingly, will face increasing burdens, and industry and commerce will seek escape. Unfortunately, this mechanism is already at work in some metropolitan areas.The promoters of New Towns so far in

26、 the United States have been developers, builders, and financial institutions. The main interest of these promoters is economic gain. Furthermore, federal regulations designed to promote the New Town idea do not consider social needs as the European New Town plans do. In fact, our regulations specif

27、y virtually all the ingredients of the typical suburban community, with a bit of political rhetoric thrown in.A workable American New Town formula should be established as firmly here as the national formula was in Britain. All possible social and governmental innovations as well as financial factor

28、s should be thoroughly considered and accommodated in this policy. Its objectives should be clearly stated, and both incentives and penalties should be provided to ensure that the objectives are pursued. If such a policy is developed, then the New Town approach can play an important role in alleviat

29、ing Americas urban problems.（分数：5.00）(1).As revealed in Para. 1, the author considers the American New Town approach _.A. atypical B. irrelevantC. impractical D. unprecedented（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the author, the present New Town plan will _.A. fail to bring about the intended resultsB.

30、produce genuinely needed New TownsC. bridge the gap between the poor and the richD. help resolve the spreading urban problems（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The author believes that the New Town projects will lead to _.A. more brisk commercial activities in the citiesB. more low-income people living in the sub

31、urbsC. higher incidence of tax avoidance by industriesD. heavier tax burdens on the remaining citizens（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).In the authors opinion, the European New Town plans are superior to the Americas in their concern for _.A. the typical suburban community B. the interests of the promotersC. the

32、 welfare of the general public D. the governments political achievement（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following accords with the New Town formula in Britain, according to the passage?A. The accommodation of all the requests of low-income groups.B. The consideration of all possible aspects of urba

33、n problems.C. The explanation of all regulations concerning New Towns.D. The clarification of all the innovations at the national level.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：7.00)It is a treasure hunt with a difference: conducted not with metal detectors, but by negotiation. Italy is at last reapi

34、ng the benefits of a two-year campaign to regain smuggled antiquities. Five American museums have been talked into returning works that they claim to have acquired in good faith. Almost 70 of the finest are now on display in Romeand they have just been joined by the only known intact work by Euphron

35、ios, an Athenian vase-painter.New ground is also being broken with the return of nine items from the private collection of a New York philanthropist, Shelby White. This is the first pact negotiated with an individual. Francesco Rutelli, the culture minister, met Ms White twice in America before the

36、deal was done. She has always maintained that she and her late husband had no idea that the pieces were suspect. A tenth item from their collection, also by Euphronios, is being sent back to Italy in 2010. Under Italian law, any classical artefacts found on Italian soil belong to the state, even if

37、(like Euphronios vases) they originated in Greece. A former head of the J. Paul Getty Museum in Los Angeles and an American art dealer have been on trial for almost three years in Rome, charged with trafficking in illegally excavated objects. Both deny wrongdoing. Their charge was followed by a deal

38、 that officials say is crucial for efforts to curb the traffic in smuggled antiquities. Switzerland has undertaken to require importers of classical artifacts to produce proofs of origin and of legal export.The deals with the museums have all involved give-and-take. In exchange for works claimed by

39、Italy, the museums have been given others on long-term loan. “Italian lovers of art and archaeology will get back what has been stolen, while others abroad will profit from the exhibition of sometimes even more beautiful works,“ says Mr Rutelli.The deal with the Getty museum was the hardest to do bu

40、t also the most productive. 40 of the works on show in Rome come from there. But they do not include the “Getty bronze“, which the Italians had hoped to retrieve. This third-century BC statue, attributed to Lysippos, Greek sculptor, was caught by Italian fishermen in 1964. The Getty insists that it

41、was found in international waters. The Italians say it was still illegally exported.（分数：7.00）(1).Paragraph 1 mainly focus on Italys _.A. success in getting back some lost art treasure from abroadB. talk with foreign museums for returning its art treasuresC. effort to find out where its smuggled art

42、treasures areD. exhibition of some of its world-famous art treasures（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What can be learned about Euphronios?A. His works have been scattered all over Europe.B. Ten of his works have been returned to Italy.C. His works have not been well preserved.D. None of his works has ever been

43、exhibited.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Ms. White insisted that she got the Italian items _.A. for charitable purposes B. from her late husbandC. by making a good deal D. in ignorance of their identity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The trial of the two Americans in Italy helped to push some countries to _.A. be strict

44、 with importing classical artifactsB. be tough to classical artifact traffickersC. require legal proof of all imported goodsD. stop importing art works of foreign origin（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).To reclaim its treasures from foreign museums, Italy has chosen to _.A. pay them for the long-time maintenance

45、B. let them display some of its other worksC. lend them money to buy some other worksD. help them find some precious works to display（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).What is true about “Getty bronze“ according to the passage?A. It was taken away from Greece.B. It was found by some Italian fishermen.C. It was il

46、legally exported to the .D. It was buried somewhere in Italy.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).The best title for this passage might be _.A. Antiquity Smugglers Sentenced B. Cost Paid for WrongdoingsC. Art Treasures Coming Home D. Cultural Rarities on Display（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Greg Ga

47、dson, a lieutenant colonel in the Armys Warrior Transition Brigade, is a natural leaderthe kind of guy youd be looking for on the battlefield. Hes also the kind of guy Mike Sullivan, a coach for the New York Giants, whose thought could make a difference to his losing football team. The two men had g

48、one to US Military Academy at West Point together but hadnt been in touch much afterward, until Sullivan walked into Gadsons hospital room at Walter Reed Army Medical Center, outside Washington, D.C., last June. Friends had told Sullivan that his former Army football teammate had suffered serious in

49、juries in Iraqresulting in both of Gadsons legs being amputated above the knee.“This man had suffered so much,“ Sullivan recalls, “yet he was so happy to see me.“ The coach, who brought his old friend a signed Giants jersey with the number 98 on it, watched as Gadson interacted with the other patients and the doctors and nurses, encouraging them all. “To see the impact he had on these peoplethe look in his eyes and ho