【考研类试卷】中国科学院真题2008年及答案解析.doc

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1、中国科学院真题 2008 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.In a materialistic and _ society peoples interest seems to be focused solely on monetary pursuit.A. adaptive B. addictive C. acquisitive D. arrogant（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.2.Even if I won a million-dollar lottery, I would continue

2、 to live _A. subtly B. frugally C. explicitly D. cautiously（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.3.Doctors must inform _ parents about the low odds of success in fertility treatments.A. protective B. respective C. prospective D. perspective（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.4.Moshe Katzma, 24, denied any _ with the beating given to the h

3、omeless man, who was found outside a National Headquarters office.A. involvement B. admission C. isolation D. access（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.5.There are an estimated eight million people currently thought to be eligible to _ income tax.A. reclaim B. recover C. restore D. return（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.6.As the sky

4、lightened even more, they began to _ their surroundings more clearly.A. fall out B. fall into C. makeup D. make out（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.7.Chinas_cultural heritage should be better protected through increased efforts to preserve endangered art.A. inalienable B. intangible C. intelligible D. indivisible（分

5、数：0.50）A.B.C.D.8.The matter is _ settled; we may look upon it as being settled.A. as long as B. for good C. for sure D. as good as（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.9.An announcement of further cuts in government expenditure is_A. imminent B. eminent C. illiterate D. emergent（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.10.The_in our soaps shoul

6、d come only from essential oils, which are steamed or pressed from plants.A. scents B. scenarios C. scenes D. scales（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.11.A _of this approach is that the variables are visually presented in a style that can be understood by generalists and specialists alike,A. value B. merit C. factor

7、D. worth（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.12.Desperation, hunger, thirst, and resentment all make it more likely that people will _ a more powerful figure who promises them help and / or salvation.A. be prone to B. give in to C. live up to D. put an end to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.13.The sentence given to the criminal was mu

8、ch too _;murder should carry the maximum penalty.A. negligent B. solitary C. lenient D. tedious（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.14.Though it was less attractive, Ralph knew the metal box would be more_than the wooden box.A. terminal B. durable C. persistent D. bearable（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.15.In China, although people i

9、n many regions earn much less than those in prosperous regions, they also pay much less for _ commodities, such as housing.A. disposable B. redundant C. equivalent D. interchangeable（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.16.This leads record companies to treat musicians as contracted artists who are not paid a fixed sum

10、for their labor-time, but instead receive royalties in _ to their success.A. addition B. relation C. percentage D. proportion（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.17.Terrorists will go to any length to _ their evil ends, and pay no attention to the basic living rights of other peace-loving people.A. reach B. gain C. ach

11、ieve D. succeed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.18.Australia continued the fight to end Japans annual whale hunts, warning that its plan to kill humpback whales in Antarctica could _ outrage.A. spark B. lead C. result D. involve（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.19.At the moment every culture in Britain has a similar philosophy as f

12、ar as size_;if you want to look good and be desirable, youve got to be thin.A. shows B. states C. says D. goes（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.20.Women who entered voluntary work during the inter-war years did so largely because it provided them with _ from household routine.A. distortion B. diversion C. dissipate

13、D. discount（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Part Cloze Test(总题数：1，分数：15.00)There are so many new books about dying that there are now special shelves set aside for them in bookshops, along with the health-diet and home-repair paperbacks. Some of them are so 21 with detailed information and step-by-step instructio

14、ns for performing the function, that youd think this was a new sort of 22 which all of us are now required to learn. The strongest impression the casual reader gets is that proper dying has become an extraordinary, 23 an exotic experience, something only the specially trained can do.24 , you could b

15、e led to believe that we are the only 25 capable of being aware of death, and that when the rest of nature is experiencing the life cycle and dying, one generation after 26 , it is a different kind of process, done automatically and trivially, or more “natural“, as we say.An elm in our backyard 27 t

16、he blight (枯萎病) this summer and dropped stone dead, leafless, almost overnight. One weekend 28 was a normal-looking elm, maybe a little bare in spots but 29 alarming, and the next weekend it was gone, passed over, departed, taken. Taken is right, for the tree surgeon came by yesterday with his 30 of

17、 young helpers and their cherry picker, and took it down branch by branch and carted it off in the back of a red truck, everyone 31 .The dying 32 a field mouse, at the jaws of an amiable household cat, is a spectacle I have beheld many times. It 33 to make me wince. However, early in life I gave up

18、throwing sticks 34 the cat to make him drop the mouse, 35 the dropped mouse regularly went ahead and died anyway.（分数：15.00）(1).A. contained B. embraced C. packed D. littered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. ability B. skill C. quality D. technology（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. and B. even C. yet D. but（分数：1.00）A.B.

19、C.D.(4).A. Furthermore B. However C. Even so D. Since then（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. races B. creatures C. people D. human（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A. the other B. another C. the next D. the following（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A. caught B. held C. took D. picked（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(8).A. that B. which C. it D. this（

20、分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(9).A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(10).A. crew B. members C. corps D. fellows（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(11).A. sings B. sang C. sung D. singing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(12).A. to B. in C. for D. of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(13).A. was B. was used C. used D. was about（分数：1.0

21、0）A.B.C.D.(14).A. into B. on C. at D. off（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(15).A. but B. because C. while D. in order that（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Writing about music is like dancing about architecture, or so the saying goes. Sometimes a

22、ttributed to Frank Zappa, other times to Elvis Costello, this quote is usually intended to convey the futility of such an endeavor, if not the complete silliness of even attempting it. But Glenn Kurtzs graceful memoir, Practicing- A Musicians Return to Music, turns the expression on its head, giving

23、 it a different meaning by creating a lovely, unique book.Kurtz picked up the guitar as a kid in a music-loving family, attended the Long Island music school, and went on to play on Merv Griffins TV show before graduating from Tufts University. Motivating the young Kurtz was the dream of reinventing

24、 classical guitar, as if by his great ambition alone he could push it from the margins of popular interest to center stage-something not even accomplished by the late Spanish guitarist Andres Segovia, perhaps the only artist of the form ever to reach anything resembling widespread celebrity.This boo

25、k reads like a love story of sorts: Boy meets guitar. Boy loves guitar. Guitar breaks boys heart or, more precisely, the ordinariness of a working musicians life does so. “Id just imagined the artists life naively, childishly, with too much longing, too much poetry and innocence and purity,“ Kurtz w

26、rites. “The guitar had been the instrument of my dreams. Now the dream was over.“Boy leaves guitar. Were the story to end here, this book would be a tragedy, but after nearly a decade the boy returns to guitar, and although he has lost the enthusiasm he had in his youth, he finds his love of the gui

27、tar again in a way he never could have appreciated before.Although Kurtz is writing about a unique musical path, his journey speaks eloquently to the heart of anyone who has ever desperately yearned to achieve something and felt the sting of disappointment. “Everyone who gives up a serious childhood

28、 dream-of becoming an artist, a doctor, an engineer, an athlete-lives the rest of their life with a sense of loss, with nagging what ifs, “he writes. “Is that time and effort, that talent and ambition, truly wasted?/（分数：6.00）(1).The quotation mentioned in Paragraph I implies that writing about music

29、 is_A. an ambitious attempt B. a modem form of artC. an impossible task D. a rewarding experience（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).As a young man Glenn Kurtz wanted to_A. surpass Andres Segovias achievementB. Transform classical guitarC. become a TV music starD. live on arts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What does the pas

30、sage say about classical guitar?A. It is not popular with the public.B. It is not an easy skill to master.C. It is a favorite of many young people.D. It is a craze in some countries like Spain.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the passage, Andres Segovia_A. helped Glenn Kurtz to become a good guitar

31、istB. made classical guitar become a popular formC. was a well-known classical guitaristD. was Glenn Kurtzs role model（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Paragraph 3 suggests that what “the ordinariness of a working musicians life“ does to the boy is_A. keep him in great excitementB. bring him great disappointment

32、C. help him create great musicD. tell him a great musicians duty（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).The book Practicing: A Musicians Return to Music mainly tells that_A. one will be made bitter by his frustrationB. reliving old dreams can be rewardingC. without dreams life is incompleteD. its inevitable for a musi

33、cian to experience setbacks（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：6.00)As with any work of art, the merit of Chapman Kelleys “Wildflower Works I“ was in the eye of the beholder.Kelley, who normally works with paint and canvas, considered the twin oval gardens planted in 1984 at Daley Bicentennial Par

34、k his most important piece.The Chicago Park District considered it a patch of raggedy vegetation on public property that could be dug up and replanted at will like the flower boxes along Michigan Avenue. And thats what happened in June 2004, when the district decided to create a more orderly vista f

35、or pedestrians crossing from Millennium Park via the new Frank Gehry footbridge.If youre looking for evidence that the rubes who run the Park District dont know art when they see it, all you have to do is visit whats left of Kelleys masterpiece. The exuberant 1.5-acre tangle of leggy wildflowers is

36、now confined to a tidy rectangle, restrained on all sides by a knee-high hedge and surrounded by a closely cropped lawn. White hydrangeas and pink shrub roses complete the look. We dont know whos responsible for the redesign, but well bet the carpet in his home doesnt go with the furniture.Still, yo

37、ud think the Park District was within its rights to plow under the prairie. Wrong. Kelley just won at lawsuit in which he argued that the garden was public are and therefore protected by the federal Visual Artists Rights Act. Under that law, the district should have given him 90 days notice that it

38、intended to mess with his artwork instead of rushing headlong into the demolition, a la Meigs Field. That way Kelley could have mounted a legal challenge, or at least removed the plants.Park District officials said they never considered the garden a work of art, even though it was installed by an es

39、tablished artist and not, say, Joes Sod and Landscaping. We can understand their confusion. Just recently, we figured out that the caged greenery directly south of Pritzker Pavilion is supposed to be an architectural statement and not a Christmas tree lot.All thats left is for the district to compen

40、sate Kelley for his loss. Whatever price the parties settle on, lets hope the agreement also provides for the removal of the rest of “Wildflower Works I“. If it washt an eyesore before-and plenty of people thought it was.it sure is now.（分数：6.00）(1).It is implied in the first Paragraph that the publi

41、c_A. paid little attention to “Wildflower Works I“B. appreciated the value of“Wildflower Works I“C. tolerated the ugliness of“Wildflower Works I“D. had their own views on “Wildflower Works I/（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The boldfaced word “rubes“ in Paragraph 4 most likely means_A. experts B. laymen C. fool

42、s D. artists（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the passage, the one who redesigned the Park must_A. know Kellys work well B. have a terrible taste in artC. like conventional layouts D. always put the publics need first（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following was NOT true about“ Wildflower Works I“

43、 ?A. It was designed by the famous artist Chapman Kelley.B. There are two oval gardens at Daley Bicentennial Park.C. The public voted for demolishing the gardens.D. The Chicago Park District did not deem it a piece of art.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Why did Kelly win the lawsuit?A. Kelly had a very capable

44、 lawyer.B. The Park District had no right to demolish it.C. The Park District should take the publics opinion first.D. The Park District should have informed Kelly of the demolition.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Whats the authors attitude towards the present “Wildflower Works I“ ?A. He takes a neutral positi

45、on.B. He believes in the long arm of the law.C. He regards it a masterpiece of public art.D. He is in favor of demolishing the ugly garden.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：6.00)A few years ago, in their search for ways to sell more goods, advertising men hit on a new and controversial gimmick.

46、It is a silent, invisible commercial that, the ad men claim, can be rushed past the consumers conscious mind and planted in his subconscious- and without the consumers knowledge.Developed by James Vicary, a research man who studies what makes people buy, this technique relies on the psychological pr

47、inciple of subliminal perception. Scientists tell us that many of the sights coming to or eyes are not consciously “seen“. We select only a few for conscious “seeing“ and ignore the rest. Actually the discarded impressions are recorded in the brain though they are below the threshold of consciousnes

48、s.Theres little doubt in Vicarys mind as to the subliminal ads effectiveness. His proof can be summed up in just two words: sales increase.In an unidentified movie house not so long ago, unknown audiences saw a curious film program. At the same time, on the same screen on which the film hero was cou

49、rting the heroine a subliminal projector was flashing its invisible commercials.“Get popcorn“, ordered the commercial for a reported one three-thousandths of a second every five seconds. It announced “Coca-Cola“ at the same speed and frequency to other audiences. At the end of a six weeks trial, popcorn sales had gone up 57 percent, Coke sales 18 percent.Experimental Films. Inc, says the technique is no