【考研类试卷】考研英语(阅读)-试卷12及答案解析.doc
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1、考研英语(阅读)-试卷 12 及答案解析(总分:60.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数:6,分数:60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension(分数:10.00)_2.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.(分数:10.00)_Last weekend Kyle MacDonald in Montreal threw a part
2、y to celebrate the fact that he got his new home in exchange for a red paper clip. Starting a year ago, MacDonald bartered the clip for increasingly valuable stuff, including a camp stove and free rent in a Phoenix flat. Having announced his aim(the house)in advance, MacDonald likely got a boost fro
3、m techies eager to see the Internet pass this daring test of its networking power. “My whole motto was “ Start small, think big, and have fun“, says MacDonald , 26, “I really kept my effort on the creative side rather than the business side.“ Yet as odd as the MacDonald exchange was, barter is now b
4、ig business on the Net. This year more than 400,000 companies worldwide will exchange some $10 billion worth of goods and services on a growing number of barter sites. These Web sites allow companies to trade products for a virtual currency, which they can use to buy goods from other members. In Ice
5、land, garment-maker Kapusalan sells a third of its output on the booming Vidskiptanetid exchange, earning virtual money that it uses to buy machinery and pay part of employee salaries. The Troc-Services exchange in France offers more than 4,600 services, from math lessons to ironing. This is not a p
6、rimitive barter system. By creating currencies, the Internet removes a major barrier what Bob Meyer, publisher of Barter News, calls “the double coincidence of wants“. That is, two parties once not only had to find each other, but also an exchange of goods that both desired. Now, they can price the
7、deal in virtual currency. Barter also helps firms make use of idle capacity. For example, advertising is “hugely bartered“ because many media, particularly on the Web, can supply new ad space at little cost. Moreover, Internet ads don“t register in industry-growth statistics, because many exchanges
8、are arranged outside the formal exchanges. Like eBay, most barter sites allow members to “grade“ trading partners for honesty, quality and so on. Barter exchanges can allow firms in countries with hyperinflation or nontradable currencies to enter global trades. Next year, a nonprofit exchange called
9、 Quick Lift Two(QL2)plans to open in Nairobi, offering barter deals to 38,000 Kenyan farmers in remote areas. Two small planes will deliver the goods. QL2 director Gacii Waciuma says the farmers are excited to be “liberated from corrupt middlemen.“ For them, barter evokes a bright future, not a prec
10、apitalist past.(分数:10.00)(1).The word “techies“(Para. 1)probably refers to those who are(分数:2.00)A.afraid of technology.B.skilled in technology.C.ignorant of technology.D.incompetent in technology.(2).Many people may have deliberately helped Kyle because they(分数:2.00)A.were impressed by his creativi
11、ty.B.were eager to identify with his motto.C.liked his goal announced in advance.D.hoped to prove the power of the Internet.(3).The Internet barter system relies heavily on(分数:2.00)A.the size of barter sites.B.the use of virtual currency.C.the quality of goods or services.D.the location of trading c
12、ompanies.(4).It is implied that Internet advertisement can help(分数:2.00)A.companies make more profit.B.companies do formal exchanges.C.media register in statistics.D.media grade barter sites.(5).Which of the following is true of QL2 according to the author?(分数:2.00)A.It is criticized for doing busin
13、ess in a primitive way.B.It aims to deal with hyperinflation in some countries.C.It helps get rid of middlemen in trade and exchange.D.It is intended to evaluate the performance of trading partners.When Thomas Keller, one of America“s foremost chefs, announced that on Sept. 1 he would abolish the pr
14、actice of tipping at Per Se, his luxury restaurant in New York City, and replace it with a European-style service charge, I knew three groups would be opposed: customers, servers and restaurant owners. These three groups are all committed to tippingas they quickly made clear on Web sites. To oppose
15、tipping, it seems, is to be anti-capitalist, and maybe even a little French. But Mr. Keller is right to move away from tippingand it“s worth exploring why just about everyone else in the restaurant world is wrong to stick with the practice. Customers believe in tipping because they think it makes ec
16、onomic sense. “Waiters know that they won“t get paid if they don“t do a good job“ is how most advocates of the system would put it. To be sure, this is a tempting, apparently rational statement about economic theory, but it appears to have little applicability to the real world of restaurants. Micha
17、el Lynn, an associate professor of consumer behavior and marketing at Cornell“s School of Hotel Administration, has conducted dozens of studies of tipping and has concluded that consumers“ assessments of the quality of service correlate weakly to the amount they tip. Rather, customers are likely to
18、tip more in response to servers touching them lightly and leaning forward next to the table to make conversation than to how often their water glass is refilledin other words, customers tip more when they like the server, not when the service is good. Mr. Lynn“s studies also indicate that male custo
19、mers increase their tips for female servers while female customers increase their tips for male servers. What“ s more, consumers seem to forget that the tip increases as the bill increases. Thus, the tipping system is an open invitation to what restaurant professionals call “ upwelling “: every bott
20、le of imported water, every espresso and every cocktail is extra money in the server“s pocket. Aggressive upwelling for tips is often rewarded while low-key, quality service often goes unrecognized. In addition, the practice of tip pooling, which is the norm in fine-dining restaurants and is becomin
21、g more common in every kind of restaurant above the level of a greasy spoon, has ruined whatever effect voting with your tip might have had on an individual waiter. In an unreasonable outcome, you are punishing the good waiters in the restaurant by not tipping the bad one. Indeed, there appears to b
22、e little connection between tipping and good service.(分数:10.00)(1).It may be inferred that a European-style service(分数:2.00)A.is tipping-free.B.charges little tip.C.is the author“ s initiative.D.is offered at Per Se.(2).Which of the following is NOT true according to the author?(分数:2.00)A.Tipping is
23、 a common practice in the restaurant world.B.Waiters don“t care about tipping.C.Customers generally believe in tipping.D.Tipping has little connection with the quality of service.(3).According to Michael Lynn“ s studies, waiters will likely get more tips if they(分数:2.00)A.have performed good service
24、.B.frequently refill customers“ water glass.C.win customers“ favor.D.serve customers of the same sex.(4).We may infer from the context that “upwelling“(Para. 6)probably means(分数:2.00)A.selling something up.B.selling something fancy.C.selling something unnecessary.D.selling something more expensive.(
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