【考研类试卷】考研英语（完形填空）-试卷46及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 46 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_“On the Internet, nobody knows you“re a dog,“ read the title of a famous Peter

2、Steiner cartoon, 【C1】_nowhere is it truer than Internet dating. The experience is by now familiar: the【C2】_ mate who seemed just your【C3】_ in a profile turns out to be a disappointment in person. There may be ways, however, to【C4】_a lying person before you find yourself 【C5】_from him or her at a tab

3、le lit by candles. Researchers from Cornell University and the University of Wisconsin-Madison compared the【C6】_heights, weights, and ages of 78 Internet dating participants to their profiles on four dating websites. They noticed several【C7】_from people who were less than【C8】_. For example, they wer

4、e less likely to【C9】_to themselves as “I“; used indirect expressions, 【C10】_“not boring“ instead of “exciting“ to describe themselves; and stuck to【C11】_descriptions. “People do this because they want to【C12】_themselves from their misleading statements,“ explained Catalina Toma, an author of the stu

5、dy, in a statement. Using these indications, the researchers【C13】_ identified liars about 65 percent of the time. People lied most frequently about their【C14】_, with women slimming down, on average, by 8.5 pounds, and men by 1.5 pounds. At least half the subjects【C15】_ their height, and nearly 20 pe

6、rcent changed their age. Despite the【C16】_of lies, volunteers proved【C17】_at catching them. Fortunately, Toma and the team“s research【C18】_up the possibility of a software that could【C19】_lies for you, though Internet dating participants should be careful what they wish fornearly everyone in the stu

7、dy lied in some【C20】_way.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.becauseB.andC.thoughD.if(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.onlyB.innocentC.uniqueD.potential(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.oppositeB.ageC.typeD.equal(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.spotB.locateC.trustD.fight(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.awayB.acrossC.offD.apart(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.averageB.overallC.

8、actualD.acceptable(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.responsesB.questionsC.commentsD.patterns(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.qualifiedB.honestC.responsibleD.confident(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.referB.confineC.contributeD.dedicate(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.soB.asC.forD.like(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.preciseB.objectiveC.shortD.clear(12).【C12】（分数：2.0

9、0）A.protectB.distanceC.saveD.rescue(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.correctlyB.convenientlyC.readilyD.tentatively(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.sizeB.shapeC.weightD.salary(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.transformedB.switchedC.alteredD.modified(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.possibilityB.disappearanceC.frequencyD.crime(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.skil

10、ledB.quickC.impossibleD.poor(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.weighsB.dreamsC.opensD.takes(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.extractB.detectC.conceiveD.concentrate(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.importantB.obviousC.substantialD.smallHow does literary style evolve? Surprisingly,【C1】_ lie in words with seemingly little meaning, such as “t

11、o“ and “that“. By analysing【C2】_writers use such “content-free“ words, Daniel Rockmore and colleagues at Dartmouth College in Hanover were able to conduct the first, large-scale style analysis of literature. Content-free words are【C3】_of writing style, Rockmore says. While two authors might use the【

12、C4】_content words to describe a similar event, they will use content-free words to【C5】_their content words in a different way. Using the Project Gutenberg digital library, Rockmore“s team analysed 7733 English language works written since 1550, 【C6】_how often and in what【C7】_content-free words appea

13、red. As you might expect, they found that writers were 【C8】_influenced by their predecessors. They also found that as the number of literature works grew, the influence of older works【C9】_. Authors in the【C10】_periods wrote in a very similar way to one another, the researchers found, probably becaus

14、e they all read the same【C11】_body of literature. But approaching the modern era,【C12】_more people were writing and more works were【C13】_ from many eras and numerous styles, authors“ styles were still very similar to those of their【C14】_contemporaries. “It“s as if they find dialects in time,“ says A

15、lex Bentley. “Content is what makes us【C15】_, but content-free words put us in different【C16】_.“ 【C17】_writers should be most influenced by their contemporaries【C18】_the great works of the past is interesting, Rockmore says, because it challenges the【C19】_of “classic“ literature. When it comes to st

16、yle 【C20】_, perhaps we aren“t so strongly influenced by the classics after all.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.proofsB.cluesC.dataD.phenomena(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.whereB.whyC.whoseD.how(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.lackingB.indicativeC.freeD.representative(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.particularB.sameC.originalD.sole(5).【C5】（分

17、数：2.00）A.replaceB.introduceC.linkD.reflect(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.trackingB.definingC.explainingD.specifying(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.formatB.orderC.contextD.amount(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.weaklyB.slightlyC.barelyD.strongly(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.continuedB.shrankC.disappearedD.increased(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.latestB.presen

18、tC.earliestD.best(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.smallB.entireC.extensiveD.diverse(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.becauseB.whenC.unlessD.if(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.distinctB.separateC.availableD.forthcoming(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.famousB.internationalC.youngD.immediate(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.uniqueB.respectableC.noticeableD.succes

19、sful(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.moodsB.directionsC.groupsD.situations(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.ThatB.SinceC.WhatD.As(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.except forB.rather thanC.as well asD.other than(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.appealB.qualityC.essenceD.reach(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.at leastB.at largeC.at bestD.at random考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 46

20、答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：“On the Internet, nobody knows you“re a dog,“ read the title of a famous Peter Steiner cartoon

21、, 【C1】_nowhere is it truer than Internet dating. The experience is by now familiar: the【C2】_ mate who seemed just your【C3】_ in a profile turns out to be a disappointment in person. There may be ways, however, to【C4】_a lying person before you find yourself 【C5】_from him or her at a table lit by candl

22、es. Researchers from Cornell University and the University of Wisconsin-Madison compared the【C6】_heights, weights, and ages of 78 Internet dating participants to their profiles on four dating websites. They noticed several【C7】_from people who were less than【C8】_. For example, they were less likely t

23、o【C9】_to themselves as “I“; used indirect expressions, 【C10】_“not boring“ instead of “exciting“ to describe themselves; and stuck to【C11】_descriptions. “People do this because they want to【C12】_themselves from their misleading statements,“ explained Catalina Toma, an author of the study, in a statem

24、ent. Using these indications, the researchers【C13】_ identified liars about 65 percent of the time. People lied most frequently about their【C14】_, with women slimming down, on average, by 8.5 pounds, and men by 1.5 pounds. At least half the subjects【C15】_ their height, and nearly 20 percent changed t

25、heir age. Despite the【C16】_of lies, volunteers proved【C17】_at catching them. Fortunately, Toma and the team“s research【C18】_up the possibility of a software that could【C19】_lies for you, though Internet dating participants should be careful what they wish fornearly everyone in the study lied in some

26、【C20】_way.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.becauseB.and C.thoughD.if解析：解析：空格所在句前一分句提到“在互联网上没人知道你是谁”，后一分句进一步指出这用来说明网络相亲再恰当不过了。前后分句语义并列相关，选 B 项。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.onlyB.innocentC.uniqueD.potential 解析：解析：本句的 The experience 指代上文提到的“网络相亲”，而网络相亲的对象“有可能”成为mate(伴侣)，因此选 D 项 potential“潜在的”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.oppo

27、siteB.ageC.type D.equal解析：解析：根据句末的“见过面之后往往令人大失所望”可推知，这位伴侣看似是喜欢的类型实际却不是，故选 C 项 type“类型”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.spot B.locateC.trustD.fight解析：解析：第 1 段主要说明网络恋爱可能有被欺骗的危险。由本句的 however 可推断此处给出了减少上当受骗的方法。空格后为 a lying person(说谎的人)，因此应选 A 项，spot 指“发现难以察觉的东西”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.awayB.across C.offD.apart解析：解析：上一段最

28、后一句提到见面却大失所望，因此推断这里是表示见面约会的意思，约会一起吃饭的时候，按常识也知道是相对而坐，故选 B 项 across“(位置)在另一边”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.averageB.overallC.actual D.acceptable解析：解析：第 1 段最后一句就对比了 in a proffie(注册信息)和 in person(本人)，而此处研究人员将四家婚恋网站上的 78 名征友者的资料进行比较(comparedto)，比较的对象也应是个人实际情况和注册信息(profile)的差别，故选 C 项 actual“实际的”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.

29、responsesB.questionsC.commentsD.patterns 解析：解析：由下文 For example 后的 were less likely(不太可能)，可看出此处是一种行为模式，因此选 D 项 pattern“模式”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.qualifiedB.honest C.responsibleD.confident解析：解析：本段主要是讲怎样识别网上说谎的人，因此研究人员研究的应是网上征友信息的真实程度故选 B 项 honest“诚实的”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.refer B.confineC.contributeD.dedic

30、ate解析：解析：下文的“I”是对自我的称呼，因此选 A 项，refer toas意为“把叫做”，代入空格，符合语义逻辑。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.soB.asC.forD.like 解析：解析：空格前提到“使用间接的表达方式”，空格后的“not boring 而不是 exciting”是一个具体例子，因此选引出例子的 D 项 like“诸如”。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.preciseB.objectiveC.short D.clear解析：解析：根据常识推断，说谎的人不会用 precise“准确的”、objective“客观的”或 clear“清晰的”语言描述

31、自己，因此 C 项 short“简短的”为最佳答案，用语越简短越不容易暴谎言。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.protectB.distance C.saveD.rescue解析：解析：do this 指代的是上一段的“不用 I 称呼自己；使用间接的语言；使用简短的语言”，人们这样做的目的当然是为了让自己与那些误导性陈述拉开距离，故选 B 项，distancefrom意为“使远离”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.correctly B.convenientlyC.readilyD.tentatively解析：解析：此处意为“研究人员利用上文提及的一些骗人信号(indica

32、tions)辨认出约 65的骗子”，结合上文提及的“识别撒谎的人的办法”，推断此处是指这些方法有效性的问题，A 项 correctly“正确地”符合要求。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.sizeB.shapeC.weight D.salary解析：解析：由空格后的内容“女性平均体重要少报 85 磅，而男性则少报 15 磅”可知，人们经常谎报体重，C 项 weight“体重”正确。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.transformedB.switchedC.altered D.modified解析：解析：空格所在句 and 连接两个并列分句，后一分句说 20的人谎报年龄，由此

33、推测前面是说近一半的人谎报身高，空格处需填入与 changed 近义的动词，因此选 C 项 altered“改变，更改”。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.possibilityB.disappearanceC.frequency D.crime解析：解析：根据常识可知人们在网络中说谎的现象很常见，故 C 项 frequency“频繁”符合语义。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.skilledB.quickC.impossibleD.poor 解析：解析：Despite“尽管”提示，虽然谎言出现，但自愿参与实验的人不容易发现这些谎言，故选 D项，be poor at 意为“不擅

34、长于”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.weighsB.dreamsC.opens D.takes解析：解析：Fortuantely 和 possibililty 提示，此处是指托马及其团队研究出了识别谎言的软件的可能性，故选 C 项，open up 意为“开启”。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.extractB.detect C.conceiveD.concentrate解析：解析：上文提及“人们经常撒谎，但谎言不易识别”，因此推断此处开发的软件是为了识别谎言，故选 B 项 detect“察觉”。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.importantB.obviou

35、sC.substantialD.small 解析：解析：作者最后提醒说，网络征友者应谨慎，因为研究中几乎每个人都会说谎。A 项important“重要的”、B 项 obvious“明显的”和 C 项 substantial“相当的，可观的”用来形容 nearly everyone，与现实情况不符。只有 D 项 small“少的，微小的”符合。How does literary style evolve? Surprisingly,【C1】_ lie in words with seemingly little meaning, such as “to“ and “that“. By analy

36、sing【C2】_writers use such “content-free“ words, Daniel Rockmore and colleagues at Dartmouth College in Hanover were able to conduct the first, large-scale style analysis of literature. Content-free words are【C3】_of writing style, Rockmore says. While two authors might use the【C4】_content words to de

37、scribe a similar event, they will use content-free words to【C5】_their content words in a different way. Using the Project Gutenberg digital library, Rockmore“s team analysed 7733 English language works written since 1550, 【C6】_how often and in what【C7】_content-free words appeared. As you might expec

38、t, they found that writers were 【C8】_influenced by their predecessors. They also found that as the number of literature works grew, the influence of older works【C9】_. Authors in the【C10】_periods wrote in a very similar way to one another, the researchers found, probably because they all read the sam

39、e【C11】_body of literature. But approaching the modern era,【C12】_more people were writing and more works were【C13】_ from many eras and numerous styles, authors“ styles were still very similar to those of their【C14】_contemporaries. “It“s as if they find dialects in time,“ says Alex Bentley. “Content i

40、s what makes us【C15】_, but content-free words put us in different【C16】_.“ 【C17】_writers should be most influenced by their contemporaries【C18】_the great works of the past is interesting, Rockmore says, because it challenges the【C19】_of “classic“ literature. When it comes to style 【C20】_, perhaps we

41、aren“t so strongly influenced by the classics after all.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.proofsB.clues C.dataD.phenomena解析：解析：空格首句问文学风格是如何演变的，空格所在句是对该问题的回答，即揭示研究文学风格演变的切入点，能表示“揭示”某个问题的只有 B 项 clue“线索”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.whereB.whyC.whoseD.how 解析：解析：将四个选项代入句中，首先排除 C，语义不通。作家“在什么情况下(where)”、“为什么(why)使用”虚词，与

42、研究文学风格的演化没有关系。因此本题选 D。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.lackingB.indicative C.freeD.representative解析：解析：文章第 l 段指出虚词在某种程度上揭示了文学风格，因此选 B 项 indicative“象征的”。be indicative of 意为“表明”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.particularB.same C.originalD.sole解析：解析：下一分句的“它们会采取不同的方式使用虚词”，根据表示对比 While，可推断此处表示“实词的使用是相同的”，故选 B。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.re

43、placeB.introduceC.link D.reflect解析：解析：实词与虚词之间的关系是虚词能够将实词连接起来，因此选 C。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.tracking B.definingC.explainingD.specifying解析：解析：上文提及洛克摩尔团队分析了 7733 部文学作品，而虚词的使用频率在分析时是需要统计追踪的，故选 A 项 track“追踪”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.formatB.orderC.context D.amount解析：解析：填入的词需与介词 in 搭配，空格后面的 appeared 提示本题应选 C 项 conte

44、xt“语境”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.weaklyB.slightlyC.barelyD.strongly 解析：解析：下文提到作家写作风格相似很可能是因为读相同的文学作品，由此推知前辈作家对后辈的影响很大，因此选 D 项 strongly“强烈地”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.continuedB.shrank C.disappearedD.increased解析：解析：本段第 2 句是对第 1 句的进一步解说，文学作品少的年代，作家写作风格接近，由此推断随着文学作品的不断涌现，旧的文学作品影响力越来越小，故选 B 项 shrank“收缩”。(10).【C10】（分数

45、：2.00）A.latestB.presentC.earliest D.best解析：解析：由下文的 But 可知，本句跟与下一句句意存在转折，故此处与下文 the modern era 相对，说的是早期的情况，C 项 earliest“最早期的”正确。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.small B.entireC.extensiveD.diverse解析：解析：下句提及到现代，涌现出的文学作品更多了(more works)，因此推断“相比之下早期的文学作品数量较少”，故选 A 项 small“小的”，a small body of 表示“数量少”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.0

46、0）A.becauseB.when C.unlessD.if解析：解析：分析句子结构，空格所在处为从句的引导词，且该从句为定语从句。从句的主谓宾结构完整。空格前提到表“时间”的 the modern era，因此选 B 项 when。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.distinctB.separateC.available D.forthcoming解析：解析：此处意为“写作的人越多，更多作品就_”，C 项 available“可得到的”代入空格，句意通顺。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.famousB.internationalC.youngD.immediate 解析：

47、解析：本段第 2 句说早期作者的写作风格，此处说接近现代作家的写作风格，选项中只有 D 项immediate“(时间上)最接近的”能修饰 contemporaries。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.unique B.respectableC.noticeableD.successful解析：解析：内容能将作品区分开来，因此选 A 项 unique“独一无二的”。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.moodsB.directionsC.groups D.situations解析：解析：根据上文可知，虚词体现了写作风格，即虚词能将作品归入不同的类别，C 项 groups“组别”正确。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.That B.SinceC.WhatD.As解析：解析：空格所在句的主干为_writers should be most influenced is interesting，因此判断空格处为主语从句引导词，此外从句的句子结构完整，因此应选 A 项 That，意为“对作家影响最大的是的观点，这很有意思”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.except forB.rather than C.as well asD.oth