【考研类试卷】考研英语-试卷182及答案解析.doc
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1、考研英语-试卷 182及答案解析(总分:142.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数:2,分数:80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_What“s your earliest childhood memory? Can you remember learning to walk? Or talk? The
2、 first time you heard thunder or watched a television program? Adults seldom (1)_ events much earlier than the year or so before entering school, (2)_ children younger than three or four (3)_ retain any specific, personal experiences. A variety of explanations have been (4)_ by psychologists for thi
3、s “childhood amnesia“. One argues that the hippo-campus, the region of the brain which is (5)_ for forming memories, does not mature until about the age of two. But the most popular theory (6)_ that, since adults don“t think like children, they cannot (7)_ childhood memories. Adults think in words,
4、and their life memories are like stories or (8)_ one event follows (9)_ as in a novel or film. But when they search through their mental (10)_ for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story. they don“t find any that fit the (11)_ It“s like trying to find a Chinese word in an English d
5、ictionary. Now psychologist Annette Simms of the New York State University offers a new (12)_ for childhood amnesia. She argues that there simply aren“t any early childhood memories to (13)_. According to Dr. Simms, children need to learn to use someone else“s spoken description of their personal (1
6、4)_ in order to turn their own short-term, quickly forgotten (15)_ of them into long-term memories. In other (16)_, children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about (17)_Mother talking about the afternoon (18)_ looking for seashells at the beach or Dad asking them about their
7、 day at Ocean Park. Without this (19)_ reinforcement, says Dr. Simms, children cannot form (20)_ memories of their personal experiences. Notes: childhood amnesia 儿童失忆症(分数:40.00)A.figureB.interpretC.recallD.affirmA.now thatB.even ifC.as thoughD.just asA.largelyB.rarelyC.merelyD.reallyA.refutedB.defie
8、dC.proposedD.witnessedA.responsibleB.suitableC.favorableD.availableA.declinesB.assessesC.estimatesD.maintainsA.reflectB.attainC.accessD.acquireA.narrativesB.forecastsC.communicationsD.descriptionsA.the restB.anotherC.the otherD.othersA.depositsB.dreamsC.flashesD.filesA.modelB.patternC.frameD.formula
9、A.emphasisB.assertionC.explanationD.assumptionA.recallB.rememberC.reflectD.respondA.instinctsB.feelingsC.sensationsD.experiencesA.impressionsB.beliefsC.mindsD.insightsA.sensesB.casesC.wordsD.aspectsA.himB.theirC.itD.themA.takenB.utilizedC.appliedD.spentA.habitualB.verbalC.uniqueD.particularA.permane
10、ntB.mentalC.spiritualD.conscious二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数:10,分数:58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._The standardized educational or psychological tests, that are widely used to aid
11、 in selecting, assigning, or promoting students, employees, and military personnel have been the target of recent attacks in books, magazines, the daily press, and even in Congress. The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests; critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed o
12、r incompetent users. The tests themselves are merely tools, with characteristics that can be measured with reasonable precision under specified conditions. Whether the results will be valuable, meaningless, or even misleading depends partly upon the tool itself but largely upon the user. All informe
13、d predictions of future performance are based upon some knowledge of relevant past performance. How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and Wisdom with which it is interpreted.
14、Anyone who keeps careful score knows that the information available is always incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error. Standardized tests should be considered in this context. They provide a quick, objective method of getting some kinds of information about what a person has
15、learned, the skills he has developed, or the kind of person he is. The information so obtained has, qualitatively, the same advantages and shortcomings as other kinds of information. Whether to use tests, other kinds of information, or both in a particular situation depends, therefore, upon the empi
16、rical evidence concerning comparative validity, and upon such factors as cost and availability. In general, the tests work most effectively when the traits or qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined (for example, ability to do well in a particular course of training program) and least
17、 effectively when what is to be measured or predicted cannot be well defined (for example, personality or creativity). Properly used, they provide a rapid means of getting comparable information about many people. Sometimes they identify students whose high potential has not been previously recogniz
18、ed, but there are many things they do not do. For example, they don“t compensate for gross social inequality, and thus don“t tell how able an underprivileged younger might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.(分数:10.00)(1).What is the essence of this text?(分数:2.00)A.Attacking
19、 standardized tests.B.Don“t blame the testblame the user.C.Standardized tests and their wide applications.D.The standardized testa useful means of assessment.(2).The selection implies that, more often, the value of an educational test rests with(分数:2.00)A.the interpretation of test results.B.the ana
20、lysis of the students tested.C.the skill and wisdom of the test itself.D.the accuracy of the information provided.(3).The third paragraph is written mainly to state(分数:2.00)A.the functions of educational tests.B.the dimensions of standardized tests.C.the bases for using standardized tests.D.the mixe
21、d results of standardized tests.(4).According to the text, which of the following statements is not true?(分数:2.00)A.Predictions do not always hold true.B.Some students “shine“ unexpectedly.C.The supervisor of the test must be well trained.D.Personality tests often fall short of their purpose.(5).Acc
22、ording to the text, the author“s attitude toward the value of standardized tests seems to be(分数:2.00)A.critical.B.dubious.C.objective.D.ambiguous.Manners nowadays in metropolitan cities like London are practically non-existent. It is nothing for a big, strong schoolboy to elbow an elderly woman asid
23、e in the dash for the last remaining seat on the tube or bus, much less stand up and offer his seat to her, as he ought. In fact, it is saddening to note that if a man does offer his seat to an older woman, it is nearly always a continental man or one from the older generation. This question of givi
24、ng up seats in public transport is much argued about by young men, who say that, since women have claimed equality, they no longer deserve to be treated with courtesy, and that those who go out to work should take their turn in the rat race like anyone else. Women have never claimed to be physically
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- 考研 试卷 英语 182 答案 解析 DOC
