【考研类试卷】考研英语-969及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语-969 及答案解析(总分：96.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)So what is depression? Depression is often more about anger turned (1) than it is about sadness. But its usually (2) as sadness. Depression can (3) at all ages, from childhood to old age, and its the United States No. 1 (4) probl

2、em.When someone is depressed, her behavior (5) change and she loses interest in activities she (6) enjoyed (like sports, music, friendships). The sadness usually lasts every day for most of the day and for two weeks or more.What (7) depression? A (8) event can certainly bring (9) depression, but som

3、e will say it happens (10) a specific cause. So how do you know if youre just having a bad day (11) are really depressed? Depression affects your (12) , moods, behavior and even your physical health. These changes often go (13) or are labeled (14) simply a bad case of the blues.Someone whos truly (1

4、5) depression will have (16) periods of crying spells, feelings of (17) (like not being able to change your situation) and (18) (like youll feel this way forever), irritation or agitation. A depressed person often (19) from others. Depression seldom goes away by itself, and the greatest (20) of depr

5、ession is suicide. The risk of suicide increases if the depression isnt treated.（分数：10.00）(1).A. on B. downC. inward D. up（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. depicted B. reportedC. prohibited D. expressed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. happen B. conveyC. fade D. deteriorate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. social B. academicC. l

6、iterary D. health（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. patterns B. linksC. intuition D. conscientiousness（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. mostly B. onceC. fairly D. desperately（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. cures B. checksC. triggers D. logs（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. solemn B. sarcasticC. slender D. stressful（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A.

7、 on B. aroundC. up D. under（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. via B. withoutC. due to D. out of（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. or B. butC. and D. while（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. monopoly B. motionC. thoughts D. association（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. underestimated B. unsettledC. unexpected D. unrecognized（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D

8、.(14).A. by B. asC. in D. for（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. battling B. substitutingC. reproaching D. menacing（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. justified B. extendedC. identified D. matched（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. selfishness B. helplessnessC. strategy D. emotion（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. vibration B. vicinityC. res

9、ervation D. hopelessness（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. withdraws B. overwhelmsC. invades D. exploits（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. fabric B. patentC. danger D. passion（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)John Battelle is Silicon Valleys Bob Woodward.

10、 One of the founders of Wired magazine, he has hung around Google for so long that he has come to be as close as any outsider can to actually being an insider. Certainly, Google s founders, Sergey Brin and Larry Page, and its chief executive, Eric Schmidt, believe that it is safer to talk to Mr. Bat

11、telle than not to do so.The result is a highly readable account of Googles astonishing rise-the steepest in corporate history-from its origins in Stanford University to its controversial stockmarket debut and its current struggle to become a grown-up company while staying true to its youthfully bras

12、h motto, “Dont be evil.“ Mr. Battelle makes the reader warm to Googles ruling triumvirate-their cleverness and their good intentions-and fear for their future as they take on the world.Google is one of the most interesting companies around at the moment. It has a decent shot at displacing Microsoft

13、as the next great near-monopoly of the information age. Its ambition-to organise all the worlds information, not just the information on the world wide web-is epic, and its commercial power is frightening, Beyond this, Google is interesting for the same reason that secretive dictatorships and Hollyw

14、ood celebrities are interesting-for being opaque, colourful and, simply, itself.The book disappoints only when Mr. Battelle begins trying to explain the wider relevance of internet search and its possible future development. There is a lot to say on this subject, but Mr. Battelle is hurried and over

15、ly chatty, producing laundry lists of geeky concepts without really having thought any of them through properly. This is not a fatal flaw. Read only the middle chapters, and you have a great book.（分数：10.00）(1).The phrase “warm to“ in the last sentence of the second paragraph most probably means _.A.

16、 become evaporated throughB. be fed up withC. be heated toD. become more interested in（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Google is eye-catching due to its _.A. distinctivenessB. infinitenessC. selfishnessD. aggressiveness（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The work by John Battelle would be perfected if appropriate consideratio

17、n is given to _.A. the relationship between internet research and its potential future developmentB. secretive dictatorships and Hollywood celebrities under controlC. the disappointments in Google and its rivals in respects to geeky conceptsD. companies interests in Google at the moment when the wor

18、lds economy is booming（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the text, the authors attitude toward Mr. Battelle s work is _.A. strong disapprovalB. total denialC. qualified consentD. enthusiastic support（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The text seems to be _.A. a scientific paperB. a book reviewC. a graduation disse

19、rtationD. an academic criticism（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：6.00)The use of heat pumps has been held back largely by skepticism about advertisers claims that heat pumps can provide as many as units of thermal energy for each unit of electrical energy used, thus apparently contradicting the pri

20、nciple of energy conservation. Heat pumps circulate a fluid refrigerant that cycles alternatively from its liquid phase to its vapor phase in a closed loop. The refrigerant, starting as a low-temperature, low-pressure vapor, enters compressor driven by an electric motor. The refrigerant leaves the c

21、ompressor as a hot, dense vapor and flows through a heat exchanger called the condenser, which transfers heat from the refrigerant to a body or air. Now the refrigerant, as a high-pressure, cooled liquid, confronts a flow restriction which causes the pressure to drop. As the pressure falls, the refr

22、igerant expands and partially vaporizes, becoming chilled. It then passes through a second heat exchanger, the evaporator, which transfers heat from the air to the refrigerant, reducing the temperature of this second body of air. Of the two heat exchangers, one is located inside, and the other one o

23、utside the house, so each is in contact with a different body of air: room air and outside air, respectively.The flow direction of refrigerant through a heat pump is controlled by valves. When the refrigerant flow is reversed, the heat exchangers switch function. This flow-reversal capability allows

24、 heat pumps-either to heat or cool room air.Now, if under certain conditions a heat pump puts out more thermal energy than it consumes in electrical energy, has the law of energy conservation been challenged? No, not even remotely: the additional input of thermal energy into the circulating refriger

25、ant via the evaporator accounts for the difference in the energy equation.Unfortunately, there is one real problem. The heating capacity of a heat pump decreases as the outdoor temperature falls. The drop in capacity is caused by the lessening amount of refrigerant mass moved through the compressor

26、at one time. The heating capacity is proportional to this mass flow rate: the less the mass of refrigerant being compressed, the less the thermal load it can transfer through the heat-pump cycle. The volume flow rate of refrigerant vapor through the single-speed rotary compressor used in heat pumps

27、is approximately constant., But cold refrigerant vapor entering a compressor is at lower pressure than warmer vapor. Therefore, the mass of cold refrigerant-and thus the thermal energy it carries-is less than if the refrigerant vapor were warmer before compression.Here, then, lies a genuine drawback

28、 of heat pumps: in extremely cold climates-where the most heat is needed-heat pumps are least able to supply en6ugh heat.（分数：6.00）(1).The primary purpose, of the passage is to_A. explain the differences in the working of a heat pump when the outdoor temperature changesB. contrast the heating and the

29、 cooling modes of heat pumpsC. describe heat pumps, their use, and factors affecting their useD. advocate the more widespread use of heat pumps（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that, in the course of a heating season, the heatingcapacity of h heat pump is greatest When_A. heat

30、ing is least essential B. electricity rates are lowestC. its compressor runs the fastest D. outdoor temperatures hold steady（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(3).If the authors assessment of the use of heat pumps is correct, which of the following best expresses the lesson that advertisers should learn from this cas

31、e?_A. Do not make exaggerated claims about the products you are trying to promote.B. Focus your advertising campaign on vague analogies and veiled implications instead of on facts.C. Do not use facts in your advertising that will strain the prospective clients ability to believe.D. Do not assume in

32、your advertising that the prospective clients know even the most elementary scientific principles.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the passage, the role of the flow restriction in a heat pump is to_A. measure accurately the flow rate of the refrigerant-mass at that pointB. compress and heat the ref

33、rigerant vaporC. bring about the evaporation and cooling of refrigerantD. exchange heat between the refrigerant and the air at that point（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(5).The author regards the notion that heat pumps have a genuine drawback as aA. cause for regret B. sign of premature defeatismC. welcome challen

34、ge D. focus for an educational campaign（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Education is one of the key words of our time. A man, without an education, many of us believe, is an unfortunate victim of unfortunate circumstances deprived of one of the greatest twentieth-century opportunities. Convi

35、nced of the importance of education, modern states “invest“ in institutions of learning to get back “interest“ in the form of a large group of enlightened young men and women who are potential leaders. Education, with its cycles of instruction so carefully worked out, is punctuated by textbooks-thos

36、e purchasable wells of wisdom-what would civilization be like without its benefits?So much is certain: that we would have doctors and preachers, lawyers and defendants, marriages and births; but our spiritual outlook would be different. We would lay less stress on “facts and figures“ and more on a g

37、ood memory, on applied psychology, and on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellow-citizens. If our educational system were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form of “college“ imaginable. Among the people whom we like to call savages all knowledge inherite

38、d by tradition is shared by all; it is taught to every member of the tribe so that in this respect everybody is equally equipped for life.It is the ideal condition of the “equal start“ which only our most progressive forms of modern education try to reach again. In primitive cultures the obligation

39、to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding on all. There are no “illiterates“-if the term can be applied to peoples without a script-while our own compulsory school attendance became law in Germany in 1642, in France in 1806, and in England 1976, and is still non-existent in a num

40、ber of “civilized“ nations. This shows how long it was before we considered it necessary to make sure that all our children could share in the knowledge accumulated by the “happy few“ during the past centuries. Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. All are entitled to an equ

41、al start. There is none of the hurry that, in our society, often hampers the full development of a growing personality. There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents; therefore the jungles and the savages know of no “juvenile delinquency“. No necessity of making a living aw

42、ay from home results in neglect of children, and no father is confronted with his inability to “buy“ an education for his child.Notes: juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪。（分数：10.00）(1).The word “interest“ in the first paragraph most probably meansA. pleasure.B. returns.C. share.D. knowledge.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.

43、(2).According to the text, the author seems to beA. against the education in the very early historic times.B. in favor of the educational practice in primitive cultures.C. positive about our present educational instruction.D. quite happy to see an equal start for everyone.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It can

44、 be inferred from the text thatA. some families now can hardly afford to send their children to school.B. everyone today has an equal opportunity in education.C. every country invests heavily in education.D. we are not very certain whether preachers are necessary or not.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Accordin

45、g to the text, which of the following statements is true?A. One without education today has few opportunities.B. We have not yet decided on our educational models.C. Compulsory schooling is legal obligation in several countries now.D. Our spiritual outlook is better now than before.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.

46、(5).The best title for this text isA. The Significance of Education.B. Educational Investment and Its Profit.C. Education and Modern Civilization.D. Education: A Comparison of Its Past and Its Present.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The first technological revolution in modern biology start

47、ed when James Watson and Francis Crick described the structure of DNA half a century ago. That established the fields of molecular and cell biology, the basis of the biotechnology industry. The sequencing of the human genome nearly a decade ago set off a second revolution which has started to illumi

48、nate the origins of diseases.Now the industry is convinced that a third revolution is under way: the convergence of biology and engineering. A recent report from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology says that physical sciences have already been transformed by their adoption of information techn

49、ology, advanced materials, imaging, nanotechnolugy and sophisticated modelling and simulation. Phillip Sharp, a Nobel prize-winner at that university, believes that those tools are about to be brought to bear on biology too.But the chances are that this will take time, and turn out to be more of a reformation than a revolution. The conventional health-care systems of the rich world may resist new technologies even as poor countries leapfrog ahead. There is already a backlash against genomics, which has been oversol