【考研类试卷】考研英语-134及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语-134 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：20，分数：10.00)A.affectedB.respectedC.protectedD.connectedA.blanketedB.sweptC.coveredD.spreadA.performancesB.operationsC.functionsD.workings:A.thisB.suchC.soD.eitherA.times aboveB.timeC.times inD.timesA.stillB.evenC.thenD.alsoA.environmentB.field

2、C.layerD.shellA.ringsB.cyclesC.circlesD.rounds9.A) due to B ) apt for C) all but D) prior to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.A.surveyB.revealC.predictD.releaseA.butB.becauseC.unlessD.whenA.would expectB.expectsC.expectD.expectedA.chemistryB.constructionC.physiologyD.constitution14.A) unexpectedly B) actually C ) di

3、sappointedly D) practically（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.A.besideB.atC.byD.on16.A) suffered B ) suffer C) suffering D) to suffer（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.A.formationB.explosionC.eruptionD.propulsionA.put inB.take overC.make upD.set offA.retreatB.reserveC.resortD.refugeA.numberB.figureC.shareD.proportion二、BSection Readi(总

4、题数：5，分数：10.00)21.It can be inferred from the passage that the real danger comes from _.（分数：2.00）A.the asbestos dust that people take inB.the contact of the workers skin with asbestos particlesC.the inferior quality of the asbestos itselfD.the excessive use of man made asbestos material22.Exposure to

5、 asbestos fibres can cause cancer _.（分数：2.00）A.only when asbestos is used in building industryB.only when it is used in large quantitiesC.even if it is used in small quantitiesD.if they are used when wet rather than dry23.When could the risk of asbestos disappeared according to the passage?（分数：2.00）

6、A.When we adopt the researchers advice.B.When we dont use asbestos.C.For many years from now, it will not disappear.D.The council have already find ways to prevent the risk.24.Evidence from the economists and the building industries shows that _.（分数：2.00）A.exposure to asbestos fibres is cancer-causi

7、ngB.asbestos is in extensive use in building industryC.use of asbestos is being reduced graduallyD.exposure to asbestos fibres can be reduced significantly25.Exposure to asbestos fibres is harmful to people s health _.（分数：2.00）A.so the use of asbestos is limitedB.but asbestos will continue to be use

8、d for a long time to comeC.so other new kinds of materials are under developmentD.but they will not be so when ventilation devices are used三、BText 2/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.In Paragraph 2, the word “shackled“ means _.（分数：2.00）A.A) connected B.B) pleased C.C) restricted D ) disappointed27.According to th

9、e author, an ideal marriage life _.（分数：2.00）A.requires considerable sacrifice on both partnersB.requires that the couple be emotionally involvedC.allows for the growth of the husband and wife as a couple and as two individualsD.is only an illusion in todays society28.In Paragraph 2, the word“ legiti

10、mate“ most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.lawfulB.biologicalC.personalD.reasonable29.The author believes the real cause for the increase of divorces today is that_.（分数：2.00）A.people have too many sources of entertainmentB.people have less internal restraintsC.people no longer enjoy family life as they

11、did beforeD.people do not want to be confined by marital ties30.In the authors opinion, a divorce is not an evil act _.（分数：2.00）A.if the marital life is imperfectB.if it leads to a more worthwhile life for the two personsC.it the couple later get roamed again and and real loveD.if the couple live fa

12、r away from each other四、BText 3/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.In the tropical areas,_.（分数：2.00）A.mechanization is not yet used in agricultureB.agriculture is accepted fastestC.a lot of farm work is still done in the old wayD.mechanization is avoided to save primitive forest32.By saying that “the problems of m

13、echanizing some areas are not only cultural in nature“, the author means_.（分数：2.00）A.mechanization is not yet introduced in some areas for economic reasonsB.human and animal labour in some areas are less expensiveC.culture is not a factor in obstacling the introduction of mechanizationD.different ki

14、nds of mechanized fanning tools are used in different cultures33.The first paragraph uses several examples to convey the ideas that_.（分数：2.00）A.the introduction of machines into agricultural work created rebellions on the part of the farmersB.the use of internal combustion engine as a chief power so

15、urce for the farm produced great influenceC.the mechanization of agricultural work after 1850 gradually robbed many farmers of their workD.ingenious improvements were made in fanning machines in the 1860s to yield production34.In .the first sentence of the second paragraph, the word skyrocketed, mos

16、t probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.became variousB.was updatedC.increased rapidlyD.remained the same35.What can we infer from the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Human can be totally replaced by machines in agriculture.B.We cannot see mechanization in Africa,C.As long as adaptations been made, mechanization will be u

17、sed in agriculture in tropical area.D.The number of farmers who run a farm in America is less then thai of the farmer who run a farm of under developed countries.五、BText 4/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)36.The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries_.（分数：2.00）A.heavy industry becomes mare energy

18、-intensiveB.income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil. pricesC.manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezedD.oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP37.From the text we can see that the writer seems_.（分数：2.00）A.optimisticB.sensitiveC.gloomyD.scared38.The main reason for

19、the latest rise of oil price is_.（分数：2.00）A.global inflationB.reduction in supplyC.fast growth in economyD.Iraq s suspension of exports39.It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if_.（分数：2.00）A.price of crude risesB.commodity prices riseC.consumption r

20、isesD.oil taxes rise40.We can draw a conclusion from the text that_.（分数：2.00）A.oil-price shocks are less shocking nowB.inflation seems irrelevant to oil -price shocksC.energy conservation can keep down the oil pricesD.the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry六、BPart B/B(总题数：5，

21、分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、BPart C/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)_八、BSection Writi(总题数：2，分数：30.00)51.BDirections:/B IYour friend Steven and Jenny have just had a new baby boy. Please write a letter to congratulate them. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET II. Do not sign your own

22、name at the end of the letter. You do not need to write the address./I（分数：10.00）_52.BDirections:/B A) ITitle: Parents are too Permissive with Their Children Nowadays/I B) IYour composition should be based on the Outline given in Chinese below:/I 1.孩子成为家庭的中心，父母日渐失去应有的权威。 2.父母对孩子的溺爱和忽视导致表少年犯罪。 3.孩子的生活

23、过于安逸对他们日后的成长不利。 IYou should write about 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET ./I（分数：20.00）_考研英语-134 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：20，分数：10.00)A.affected B.respectedC.protectedD.connected解析：试题分析 动词辨析题。 详细解答 根据句意，所填词表示“受到影响的”，而 affected含有此义，故答案为 A。A.blanketedB.swept C.coveredD.spread解

24、析：试题分析 动词近义词辨析题。 详细解答 sweep v.席卷，用在句中比其它词更形象地表现了疫病的范围之广。所以答案为 B。A.performancesB.operationsC.functions D.workings:解析：试题分析 详细解答 performance n.履行，执行，成绩，性能，表演，演奏:operation n.运转，操作，实施，作用，业务，工作，手术，军事行动；function n.(器官等)官能，功能； working n.工作，工作方式，劳动。结合句意，对比四个选项，显然 functions最为合适，故 C应为正确答案。A.this B.suchC.soD.ei

25、ther解析：试题分析 考查句子结构的分析。 详细解答 根据句意，这里应填入一个代词，指代前面的年份，所以，这里选用 this恰当，故答案为 A。A.times aboveB.timeC.times inD.times 解析：试题分析 语法知识的运用。 详细解答 表示倍数，直接用times，后不用加任何介词，直接跟比较的对象，故答案为 D。A.stillB.evenC.thenD.also 解析：试题分析 副词的选用。 详细解答 根据句意，所填后的内容与前文有相似之处，这里应填入also切题，故答案为 D。A.environmentB.field C.layerD.shell解析：试题分析 固

26、定用法。 详细解答 根据句意，所填表示“(地球)的磁场”，一般用 field，故答案为 BoA.rings B.cyclesC.circlesD.rounds解析：试题分析 固定用法。 详细解答 根据句意，这里所填词表示树的年轮，只能用 rings，故答案为 A。9.A) due to B ) apt for C) all but D) prior to（分数：0.50）A. B.C.D.解析：试题分析 副词短语辨析题。 详细解答 duet。由于，应归于；apt for 易于的；all but 几乎，差一点；prior to 在前，居先。根据句意，填入 due to更符合题意，故答案为 A。A

27、.surveyB.reveal C.predictD.release解析：试题分析 动词近义词辨析题。 详细解答 reveal vt，展现，显示，揭示，填入句中符合上下文，其他几个词都不能表达此意思故答案为 B。A.but B.becauseC.unlessD.when解析：试题分析 句间关系判断题。 详细解答 因为下一句与前句为转折关系，这里只能用 but，故答案为 A。A.would expect B.expectsC.expectD.expected解析：试题分析 虚拟语气的用法。 详细解答 本句为虚拟语气，谓语动词应用 would expect表示，故答案为 A。A.chemistry

28、B.constructionC.physiologyD.constitution 解析：试题分析 名词辨析题。 详细解答 根据后文的例子所要说明的问题，我们可以判断，这里所填词表示“身体构造”，因此，选用具有此意的 constitution 恰当，故答案为 D。14.A) unexpectedly B) actually C ) disappointedly D) practically（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：试题分析 考查副词的选用。 详细解答 actually adv实际上，事实上，竟然，居然；填入句中符合文意，故答案为 n。A.besideB.atC.byD.on 解析

29、：试题分析 介词辨析题。 详细解答 根据句意，所填介词表示“附近的，沿的”，所以选用 on，故答案为 D。16.A) suffered B ) suffer C) suffering D) to suffer（分数：0.50）A.B.C. D.解析：试题分析 词形的选择。 详细解答 根据句意，因为 suffer与前文逻辑主语一致，这里应接现在分词短语对前文进行修饰，故答案为 C。A.formationB.explosionC.eruption D.propulsion解析：试题分析 近义词辨析题。 详细解答 eruption n.爆发，填入后符合句意，故答案为 C。A.put inB.take

30、 overC.make up D.set off解析：试题分析 短语词义辨析题。 详细解答 put in 放进，提出，提交，插入，进入；take over把从一地带到另一地，接收，接管；make up 补足，拼凑； set off 出发，动身，使爆炸，引起。因此，根据句意，应选用 make up 切题，故答案为 C。A.retreatB.reserveC.resort D.refuge解析：试题分析 固定搭配。 详细解答 resort to 诉诸于，采取。因此，填入 resort符合句意，故答案为 C。A.numberB.figureC.shareD.proportion 解析：试题分析 近义

31、词辨析题。 详细解答 根据句意，所填指代前面的百分比，所以，只能用proportion符合文意。故答案为 D。二、BSection Readi(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.It can be inferred from the passage that the real danger comes from _.（分数：2.00）A.the asbestos dust that people take in B.the contact of the workers skin with asbestos particlesC.the inferior quality of the asbe

32、stos itselfD.the excessive use of man made asbestos material解析：试题分析 事实推断题。 详细解答 石棉沉着病(asbestosis)是指石棉被吸进肺中沉积在内而形成肺病，因此，又被称作“石棉肺”。在使用石棉的过程中，石棉碎绒(100sefibres)进入空气中，形成石棉绒尘(dust)，并被工人吸人肺中造成肺癌等疾病。研究会所提出的几个建议也首先是针对如何降低工作环境中石棉绒尘的含量，从而降低石棉的使用给建筑工人造成的危害。22.Exposure to asbestos fibres can cause cancer _.（分数：2

33、.00）A.only when asbestos is used in building industryB.only when it is used in large quantitiesC.even if it is used in small quantities D.if they are used when wet rather than dry解析：试题分析 细节题。 详细解答 第二段第二、三句指出，几方面的研究都表明：直接接触并吸收少量的石棉绒(asbestos fibres)也会导致癌症、石棉沉着病或其他相关病症。23.When could the risk of asbest

34、os disappeared according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.When we adopt the researchers advice.B.When we dont use asbestos.C.For many years from now, it will not disappear. D.The council have already find ways to prevent the risk.解析：试题分析 事实推理题。 详细解答 根据本文内容，报告给出的几个建议也只能减少石棉绒的威胁，而无法根本解决问题，所以 A，D 都不对。第二段最后一句指

35、出“但是，虽然已有了其他建筑材料，考虑到经济学家和建筑业管理人员提供的材料，石棉在英国建筑业未来的许多年中将继续起重要作用，因为它易得到且成本低”，可见 B不对，综合上文，C 为正确答案。24.Evidence from the economists and the building industries shows that _.（分数：2.00）A.exposure to asbestos fibres is cancer-causingB.asbestos is in extensive use in building industry C.use of asbestos is bein

36、g reduced graduallyD.exposure to asbestos fibres can be reduced significantly解析：试题分析 事实判断题。 详细解答 石棉的使用给建筑工人造成了危害，但来自经济学家与建筑业的调查表明：虽然有可供利用的其他材料，石棉在英国建筑业中还将大量使用一段时间，因为它易得到且成本低(参阅第二段最后一句)。所以，B 表达的内容最为贴切。25.Exposure to asbestos fibres is harmful to people s health _.（分数：2.00）A.so the use of asbestos is

37、limitedB.but asbestos will continue to be used for a long time to come C.so other new kinds of materials are under developmentD.but they will not be so when ventilation devices are used解析：试题分析 事实判断题。 详细解答 第二段第四句指出，报告同时也认为，虽然已有了其他建筑材料，石棉在英国建筑业未来的许多年中将继续起重要作用，因为它易得到且成本低。A 与 D都不对，因为即使如此，石棉对人仍有伤害。全国医学研究

38、会所给的一些建议只能减少(reduce)石棉绒对人体的伤害，却不能杜绝，见第三段第一句。C 也不对，其他材料业已存在(见本题题解上文)，而不是正在研制(under development)。三、BText 2/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.In Paragraph 2, the word “shackled“ means _.（分数：2.00）A.A) connected B.B) pleased C.C) restricted D ) disappointed解析：试题分析 词义判断题。 详细解答 根据句子后面的“confining chains or supporting bon

39、ds”，可以判断此处 shackled意为“束缚的”。选择 C正确。27.According to the author, an ideal marriage life _.（分数：2.00）A.requires considerable sacrifice on both partnersB.requires that the couple be emotionally involvedC.allows for the growth of the husband and wife as a couple and as two individuals D.is only an illusion

40、 in todays society解析：试题分析 细节判断题。 详细解答 文章第一句指出理想的婚姻不仅应该为夫妻二人的发展而且也应该为他们各自的发展提供机会。A 不正确，第二段第一句指出，婚姻需要夫妻双方做出某些牺牲(some kind of sacrifice)，这里“牺牲”并非指灵魂上的巨大自我牺牲，而是指夫妻双方需要做出某些必要的妥协，如为了婚姻得以圆满继续，夫妻各自的一些不切实际的幻想(fantasies)和某些看上去似乎合理的愿望应该让居第二位。28.In Paragraph 2, the word“ legitimate“ most probably means _.（分数：2.

41、00）A.lawfulB.biologicalC.personalD.reasonable 解析：试题分析 词义判断题。 详细解答 该词意为：“合法的”，“合理的”。29.The author believes the real cause for the increase of divorces today is that_.（分数：2.00）A.people have too many sources of entertainmentB.people have less internal restraints C.people no longer enjoy family life as

42、they did beforeD.people do not want to be confined by marital ties解析：试题分析 细节判断题。 详细解答 在文章第一、二段，作者探讨了离婚增多的原因。他认为，社会的纵容、放任(permissiveness)使人们产生了不切实际的幻想，人们不愿做出婚姻需要夫妻双方所做出的牺牲，只想放纵自己。婚姻需要夫妻双方做出牺牲，需要他们在某些方面的自我约束(selfdiscipline)，而不能靠冲动行事。可见，作者认为离婚的主要原因是人们缺乏内在的自制(internal restraints)。30.In the authors opini

43、on, a divorce is not an evil act _.（分数：2.00）A.if the marital life is imperfectB.if it leads to a more worthwhile life for the two persons C.it the couple later get roamed again and and real loveD.if the couple live far away from each other解析：试题分析 事实判断题。 详细解答 然而，离异有时也并不是件坏事，它有时会成为处于无法弥合的婚姻或痛苦不幸的婚姻中的人

44、的救星。对这些人来说离婚正像是外科大夫的手术一样，可以帮人恢复健康井快乐地生活。参阅第三段第一、二、三句。四、BText 3/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.In the tropical areas,_.（分数：2.00）A.mechanization is not yet used in agricultureB.agriculture is accepted fastestC.a lot of farm work is still done in the old way D.mechanization is avoided to save primitive forest解析：试

45、题分析 事实判断题。 详细解答 意为：“许多农活还是用传统方式做”。第四段指出，在拉丁美洲、非洲和东方(the Orient)许多人口密集的地区，使用人力和牲畜耕作比用机器便宜，农业尚未机械化；农业越多产越进步的地方，农业革新的速度越快。但是，即使在今天，这些地区的大部分土地还要靠牲畜 (draft animals)拉着原始的犁吃力地耕作。32.By saying that “the problems of mechanizing some areas are not only cultural in nature“, the author means_.（分数：2.00）A.mechaniz

46、ation is not yet introduced in some areas for economic reasons B.human and animal labour in some areas are less expensiveC.culture is not a factor in obstacling the introduction of mechanizationD.different kinds of mechanized fanning tools are used in different cultures解析：试题分析 推理题。 详细解答 意为：“某些地区未实现机械化是由于经济方面的原因”。最后一段指出，在某些地区