【考研类试卷】考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编51及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 51 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.The Taganka production Poslushaite(“Listen“), culled from statements and works of Vladimir Mayakovsky, proved to be a singular exception.(2006 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.rejectedB.descendedC.confirmedD.selected2.What

2、 is the_ in going by boat when the plane costs no more and is quicker?(2002 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.impressionB.meaningC.comprehensionD.sense3.They tossed your thoughts back and forth for over an hour, but still could not make _of them.(2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.impressionB.comprehensionC.meaningD.se

3、nse4.What is the _ in going by boat when the plane costs no more and is quicker?(2002 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.impressionB.meaningC.comprehensionD.sense5.They tossed your thoughts back and forth for over an hour, but still could not make _ of them.(2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.impressionB.comprehensionC.

4、meaningD.sense6.Some plants are so _ to pollution that they can only survive in a perfectly clean environment.（分数：2.00）A.infectiousB.sensitiveC.delicateD.subject7.Having been found guilty, the man was given a severe _ by the judge.（分数：2.00）A.serviceB.sentenceC.crimeD.crisis8.They admitted that they

5、shared the same_ on the matter.(2007 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.potentialityB.sentimentC.postscriptD.subscription9.Two of the girls have to share one bed, but the other three have_ones.（分数：2.00）A.singularB.separateC.privateD.different10.I want you to describe all the events of that morning in _.（分数：2.00）A

6、.priorityB.urgencyC.timeD.sequence11.My bike is at your _ You can use it any time you like.（分数：2.00）A.controlB.requestC.serviceD.mercy12.The problem of pollution as well as several other issues is going to be discussed when the Congress is in _ again next spring. (2005 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.conventio

7、nB.conferenceC.sessionD.assembly13.If you _ the bottle and cigarettes, youll be much healthier.(2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.take offB.keep offC.get offD.set off14.They had to face up to innumerable _ before they achieved their goal.(2006 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.slashesB.setbacksC.shuttersD.slacks15.M

8、any Southerners_runaway slaves during the Civil War.（分数：2.00）A.avoidedB.shadedC.preventedD.sheltered16.She was standing outside in the snow,_with cold.(2007 年中南大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.shakingB.staggeringC.spinningD.shivering17.It was a real _ when Susan came back from her vacation and told us she had marr

9、ied a local waiter.(2003 年上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.comfortB.shockC.attackD.impact18.When we credit the successful people with intelligence, physical strength or good luck we are making excuses for ourselves because we fall _ in all three.(2002 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.rareB.lackingC.shortD.scarce19.Scien

10、tists are working hard to come up with a sure solution to the food_ for mankind.（分数：2.00）A.declineB.rarityC.scarcityD.shortage20.After the death of the father, the oldest son_ the burdens of the family.（分数：2.00）A.carriedB.shoulderedC.receivedD.held21.Many stockholders got very nervous when the price

11、 went down and sold their stocks at once, while _ investors held their stock until prices rose again.(2006 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.shabbyB.restlessC.shrewdD.naive22.If the expert advice is more positive, will the parents be able to_attitudes which have built up over decades in a few days?(2013 年 10 月

12、中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.approve ofB.shrug offC.show offD.pick up23.Anyone who has spent time with children is aware of the difference in the way boys and girls respond to_ situations.（分数：2.00）A.similarB.alikeC.sameD.likely24.Can you_ your explanation a little? Its difficult to understand.（分数：2.00）A.mag

13、nifyB.modifyC.simplifyD.classify25.The idea is to _ the frequent incidents of collision to test the strength of the wind shields.(2006 年中南大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.assembleB.simulateC.accumulateD.forge考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 51 答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.The Taganka productio

14、n Poslushaite(“Listen“), culled from statements and works of Vladimir Mayakovsky, proved to be a singular exception.(2006 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.rejectedB.descendedC.confirmedD.selected 解析：解析：这里的 culled 的意思是“精选”。四个选项中，rejected 的意思是“拒绝，抵制、否决”：descended 的意思是“下来，下降：遗传(指财产，气质，权利)”；confirmed 的意思是“确定，批准，

15、使巩固，使有效”；selected 的意思是“选择，挑选”。四个选项中，只有 D 项符合题意要求。2.What is the_ in going by boat when the plane costs no more and is quicker?(2002 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.impressionB.meaningC.comprehensionD.sense 解析：解析：本题意为“飞机上的开销不比船上大，而且飞机速度更快，那乘船还有什么意义呢?”。D项“sense 道理，意义”符合题意。其他三项“impression 印象；meaning 词义；comprehensi

16、on 理解”都不正确。3.They tossed your thoughts back and forth for over an hour, but still could not make _of them.(2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.impressionB.comprehensionC.meaningD.sense 解析：解析：本题考查固定词组。make sense of 为固定用法，表示“弄懂、理解”。虽然 B 项和 C 项都有“理解”、“意思”等义，但都不与 make 搭配，不能选，因此，D 项符合题意。4.What is the _ in going

17、by boat when the plane costs no more and is quicker?(2002 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.impressionB.meaningC.comprehensionD.sense 解析：解析：本题意为“飞机上的开销不比船上大，而且飞机速度更快，那乘船还有什么意义呢?”。D项“sense 道理，意义”符合题意。其他三项“impression 印象；meaning 词义；comprehension 理解”都不正确。5.They tossed your thoughts back and forth for over an hour, b

18、ut still could not make _ of them.(2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.impressionB.comprehensionC.meaningD.sense 解析：解析：本题考查固定词组。make sense of 为固定用法，表示“弄懂、理解”。虽然 B 项和 C 项都有“理解”、“意思”等义，但都不与 make 搭配，不能选，因此，D 项符合题意。6.Some plants are so _ to pollution that they can only survive in a perfectly clean environment.（

19、分数：2.00）A.infectiousB.sensitive C.delicateD.subject解析：解析：sensitive(to)a.(对)敏感的；灵敏的。infectious a.(疾病)传染的，传染性的；有感染力的，易传播的。delicate a.微妙的，棘手的；(仪器)灵敏的，精密的。subject(to)a易遭的，受支配的。7.Having been found guilty, the man was given a severe _ by the judge.（分数：2.00）A.serviceB.sentence C.crimeD.crisis解析：解析：sentence

20、 n.判决，宣判。8.They admitted that they shared the same_ on the matter.(2007 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.potentialityB.sentiment C.postscriptD.subscription解析：9.Two of the girls have to share one bed, but the other three have_ones.（分数：2.00）A.singularB.separate C.privateD.different解析：解析：separate a.分离的，分开的，单独的。sin

21、gular a.单数的；非凡的，突出的。private a.私人的，个人的；秘密的，私下的。different(from)a.差异的，不同的；各种的。10.I want you to describe all the events of that morning in _.（分数：2.00）A.priorityB.urgencyC.timeD.sequence 解析：解析：sequence n次序，顺序；连续，一连串。priority n.优先(权)，重点；引优先考虑的事。urgency n紧急，迫切。11.My bike is at your _ You can use it any tim

22、e you like.（分数：2.00）A.controlB.requestC.service D.mercy解析：解析：be at sbs service(以事物作主语)供使用：(以人作主语)随时准备为效劳，听候的差遣。be at sbs request 应的请求。at sbs mercy 听命于的摆布，完全受的支配(没有 at sbs control 的说法)。12.The problem of pollution as well as several other issues is going to be discussed when the Congress is in _ again

23、 next spring. (2005 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.conventionB.conferenceC.session D.assembly解析：解析：本题是说当明年春天议会再度开始时，污染问题和几个其他的问题将被讨论。C 项“session 会议，开庭”符合题意。其他三项中，convention 的意思是“大会，协定，习俗，惯例”：conference 的意思是“会议，讨论会，协商会”：assembly 的意思是“集合，装配，集会，集结，汇编”都与题意不符。13.If you _ the bottle and cigarettes, youll be much he

24、althier.(2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.take offB.keep off C.get offD.set off解析：解析：本题考查固定词组。A 项意为“脱下，减少”：B 项意为“远离”；C 项意为“脱下，出发”；D 项意为“动身，出发”。本句意为“如果你能远离烟酒，你会健康得多”，B 项符合题意。14.They had to face up to innumerable _ before they achieved their goal.(2006 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.slashesB.setbacks C.shuttersD.s

25、lacks解析：解析：四个选项中，slashes 的意思是“砍伤，砍痕”；setbacks 的意思是“挫折，失败，倒退”；shutters 的意思是“百叶窗，活动遮板”：slacks 的意思是“松弛，懈怠，懒散，淡季，萧条(期)”。根据题意，B 项为正确答案。15.Many Southerners_runaway slaves during the Civil War.（分数：2.00）A.avoidedB.shadedC.preventedD.sheltered 解析：解析：shelter vt.掩蔽，庇护(如：He was accused of sheltering criminals)。

26、avoid vt避免，避开。shade vt.遮蔽，遮光。prevent(from)vt.预防，防止。16.She was standing outside in the snow,_with cold.(2007 年中南大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.shakingB.staggeringC.spinningD.shivering 解析：解析：动词近义词辨析题。句子的意思是：她站在外面的雪地上，浑身因寒冷而颤抖。shake 意为“摇动，震动”；stagger 意为“蹒跚，行动不便或者站立不稳”；spin 意为“旋转”；shiver 意为“哆嗦，颤抖”。根据句意，选项 D 为正确答案。17

27、.It was a real _ when Susan came back from her vacation and told us she had married a local waiter.(2003 年上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.comfortB.shock C.attackD.impact解析：解析：本题空格处是说“真是惊人”。B 项的“shock 震惊”符合题意，如：That shock almost finished him(那一惊几乎把他吓死。)其他三项“comfort 安慰；attack 攻击；impact 冲击，影响”都不正确。18.When we cre

28、dit the successful people with intelligence, physical strength or good luck we are making excuses for ourselves because we fall _ in all three.(2002 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.rareB.lackingC.short D.scarce解析：解析：本题意为“当我们把成功人士的成功归因于聪明、体力好或好运的时候，我们也是在为我们自己找借口，因为我们在所有这三个方面都落后了”。fall short 表示“落后”；rare 表示“罕见的

29、”；lacking 表示“缺乏的，不足的”；scarce 表示“缺乏的”。四个选项中只有 C 项符合题意。19.Scientists are working hard to come up with a sure solution to the food_ for mankind.（分数：2.00）A.declineB.rarityC.scarcityD.shortage 解析：解析：shortage n不足，缺少。decline n.下降，减少，衰落。rarity n稀少，少见的人或东西(常与不定冠词连用)。scarcity n.缺乏，稀少。20.After the death of the

30、 father, the oldest son_ the burdens of the family.（分数：2.00）A.carriedB.shouldered C.receivedD.held解析：解析：shoulder vt肩负，承担(如：He shouldered his pack and set off on his walk.You must shoulder your responsibilities)。carry vt携带，运载；输送，传送(不用于抽象意义的肩负重担)。receive vt接到，收到；遭受，受到：接待，接见。hold vt拥有，持有；拿着，握住。21.Many

31、stockholders got very nervous when the price went down and sold their stocks at once, while _ investors held their stock until prices rose again.(2006 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.shabbyB.restlessC.shrewd D.naive解析：解析：四个选项中，shabby 的意思是“破烂的，破旧的”；restless 的意思是“焦躁不安的，烦躁的”；shrewd 的意思是“精明的，狡猾的”；naive 的意思是“天真的，

32、幼稚的”。根据题意，C 项为正确答案。22.If the expert advice is more positive, will the parents be able to_attitudes which have built up over decades in a few days?(2013 年 10 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.approve ofB.shrug off C.show offD.pick up解析：解析：A 项“approve of”意为“赞成，赞同”；B 项“shrug off”意为“耸肩表示蔑视，摆脱”；C 项“show off”意为“炫耀，卖弄

33、”；D 项“pick up”意为“捡起，得到，学会”，本句是说父母摆脱数十年积累的态度，因此选择 B 项。23.Anyone who has spent time with children is aware of the difference in the way boys and girls respond to_ situations.（分数：2.00）A.similar B.alikeC.sameD.likely解析：解析：similar(to)a.相似的，类似的。alike a(只作表语)同样的，想象的。same a.相同的，一样的(必须与定冠词连用)。likely a.(定语)可能

34、的，有希望的。24.Can you_ your explanation a little? Its difficult to understand.（分数：2.00）A.magnifyB.modifyC.simplify D.classify解析：解析：simplify vt简化；使单纯。magnify vt.放大，扩大；夸大，夸张。modify vt稍加修改，更改。classify(intoas)vt把分类，把分级。25.The idea is to _ the frequent incidents of collision to test the strength of the wind shields.(2006 年中南大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.assembleB.simulate C.accumulateD.forge解析：解析：句子的意思是：这个办法是通过频繁发生的撞车事故，来测试挡风玻璃的强度。assemble意为“集合，装配”：accumulate 意为“积聚”如：the accumulation of knowledge(知识的积累)；simulate 意为“模仿，模拟”：forge 意为“锻造”。根据句子的意思，可以推出正确答案是 B 项，即表达模拟撞车事故的意思。