【考研类试卷】考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编54及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 54 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Mr. White_ for the teacher who was in hospital.（分数：2.00）A.servedB.substitutedC.placedD.replaced2.I think Im safe in saying that he will _me as full Director.（分数：2.00）A.succeedB.followC.inheritD.pursue3.They have h

2、ad a good harvest for three years in_.（分数：2.00）A.lineB.endC.rowD.succession4.He underwent four_operations in two weeks.（分数：2.00）A.consistentB.relativeC.successiveD.respective5.He had wanted a 25 % raise in pay, but after talking to his boss, he decided that a 5 % raise would have to_.(2002 年中国人民大学考博

3、试题)（分数：2.00）A.sufficeB.satisfyC.gratifyD.delight6.I believe reserves of coal here are _ to last for fifty years.（分数：2.00）A.efficientB.sufficientC.persistentD.rich7.“Thats a very good _ youve just put forward,“ said Prof. Smith.（分数：2.00）A.adviceB.informationC.descriptionD.suggestion8.It would be poli

4、tical _ to admit bankruptcy of its policies.（分数：2.00）A.challengeB.ignoranceC.suicideD.naivety9.Do you think this present is _ for a little boy?（分数：2.00）A.superB.suitableC.sufficientD.tough10.He hastily packed his clothes in his _ before setting out on the trip.（分数：2.00）A.bagB.kitC.suitcaseD.briefcas

5、e11.It is impossible to _ this battle, for it raged for six months.（分数：2.00）A.imagineB.explainC.predictD.summarize12.A friendship may be_, casual, situational or deep and lasting.（分数：2.00）A.identicalB.superficialC.criticalD.original13.Its my firm belief that socialist system is_to all other social s

6、ystems.（分数：2.00）A.advantageousB.superC.superiorD.beneficial14.There is no doubt that the_ of these goods to the others is easy to see.(2005 年电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.prestigeB.superiorityC.priorityD.publicity15.In addition to rice, we need to _ our diet with fish, meat and vegetable.（分数：2.00）A.replaceB

7、.supplementC.replenishD.mix16.He was _ to be a college graduate but he knew nothing about history.（分数：2.00）A.supposedB.regardedC.describedD.assumed17.These people actively try to_ what they believe to be bad English and assiduously cultivate what they hope to be good English.(2004 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2

8、.00）A.suppressB.regressC.enhanceD.revive18.Hearing the news, she could feel anger_inside her.(2013 年 10 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.stumblingB.staggeringC.twistingD.surging19.Our students educational achievernents equal, and in many cases _, those of students in previous years.(2006 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.s

9、urpassB.advanceC.increaseD.multiply20.You should get rid of some of your _ fat by taking more exercise.（分数：2.00）A.additionalB.complementaryC.uselessD.surplus21.Both a persons heredity and his environment help to shape his character.(2003 年电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.relativeB.educationC.nationalityD.surro

10、undings22.This _ was conducted to find out how many people prefer rice.（分数：2.00）A.examinationB.surveyC.inspectionD.test23.Crocodiles are _ from the age of dinosaurs.（分数：2.00）A.survivalsB.survivorsC.remainsD.remnants24.Only one little boy _ the plane crash; everyone else was killed.（分数：2.00）A.escaped

11、B.survivedC.submittedD.succeeded25.The two men were _ of receiving stolen property.（分数：2.00）A.chargedB.suspectedC.informedD.doubted考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 54 答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Mr. White_ for the teacher who was in hospital.（分数：2.00）A.servedB.substituted C.pla

12、cedD.replaced解析：解析：substitute(for)v.用代替；代替，取代(如：Her brother substituted as host while her husband was awayHe substituted for the worker who was ill)。serve(as)vi用作，当作，权当用。place vt放。replace vt替换，取代；把放回原处(replace A bywith B)。2.I think Im safe in saying that he will _me as full Director.（分数：2.00）A.succe

13、ed B.followC.inheritD.pursue解析：解析：succeed vt接替，接之后(如：John Adams succeeded Washington as presidentElizabeth succeeded Maryto the throne)。follow vt跟在后面。inherit vt继承(注：inherit 以人作主语，以遗产、官衔、父母的品质或特点等名词作宾语)。pursue vt追赶，追踪；追求，从事。3.They have had a good harvest for three years in_.（分数：2.00）A.lineB.endC.rowD

14、.succession 解析：解析：succession n连续，接续：接替，继任(in succession连，一个接一个；have a succession of misfortunes：in succession tothe throne继承王位：have succession to 继承)。be in line 排成一行(be in line for 下面该轮到；in line with(表语)符合，与一致；(状语)按照)(可以说 in the end 结果。最后；不能说 in end；可以说 in a row 排成一排；不能说 in row)。4.He underwent four_

15、operations in two weeks.（分数：2.00）A.consistentB.relativeC.successive D.respective解析：解析：successive a.接连的，连续的，一个接一个的(如：He won three successive matchesfor four successive days)。consistent(with)a坚持的，一贯的；一致的，符合的。relative a.相对的，比较的。respective a.各自的，各个的，分别的。5.He had wanted a 25 % raise in pay, but after tal

16、king to his boss, he decided that a 5 % raise would have to_.(2002 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.suffice B.satisfyC.gratifyD.delight解析：解析：本题意为“他本想得到 25的工资涨幅，但在同老板谈话后，他认为他不得不满足于 5的涨幅”。suffice 的意思是“使满足，表示带有无奈情绪的满足”，如：Fifty dollars will suffice me(50 美元足够我用)；satisfy 的意思是“满足，主语为人”：gratify 的意思是“使满足，表示超出预想的满足”；d

17、elight 的意思是“(使)高兴，(使)欣喜”。四个选项中只有 A 项符合题意。6.I believe reserves of coal here are _ to last for fifty years.（分数：2.00）A.efficientB.sufficient C.persistentD.rich解析：解析：sufficient(forto+动词原形)a足够的，充分的。efficient a效率高的，有能力的。persistent a(定语或表语)持续的，顽强存在的；坚持不懈的，执意的。rich a.富有的，有钱的；富饶的，丰富的(in)：肥沃的。7.“Thats a very

18、good _ youve just put forward,“ said Prof. Smith.（分数：2.00）A.adviceB.informationC.descriptionD.suggestion 解析：解析：suggestion n建议，意见。advice n.劝告，意见(注意：advice 为不可数名词，不能与不定冠词 a 连用，“一条劝告”应说 a piece of advice)。information n信息。description n.描写，形容；种类(give a vivid description of 生动地捕绘：power of description 描绘能力

19、；beautiful beyond description 无法形容的美:of every descriptionof various descriptions 各种各样的)。8.It would be political _ to admit bankruptcy of its policies.（分数：2.00）A.challengeB.ignoranceC.suicide D.naivety解析：解析：suicide n.(本义)自杀；(引申)自取灭亡(如：He committed suicide when he was quite youngIt would be suicide to

20、 admit guilt)。challenge n挑战。ignorance n.无知，愚昧；对不知(ofabout)。naivety n.天真。9.Do you think this present is _ for a little boy?（分数：2.00）A.superB.suitable C.sufficientD.tough解析：解析：suitable(forto)a.合适的，适宜的(a suitable word in the context：suitable for the post；make a suitable answer：如：The work is not suitabl

21、e to me)。super a.极好的，超级的，精彩的，漂亮的(a super partycarview of the mountains)。sufficient(for)a.足够的，充分的。tough a.困难的，艰苦的；强壮的，坚强的，能吃苦耐劳的。10.He hastily packed his clothes in his _ before setting out on the trip.（分数：2.00）A.bagB.kitC.suitcase D.briefcase解析：解析：suitcase n.(旅行用)小提箱，衣箱。11.It is impossible to _ this

22、 battle, for it raged for six months.（分数：2.00）A.imagineB.explainC.predictD.summarize 解析：解析：summarize vt概括，总结。imagine vt.想象，设想；料想，猜想。12.A friendship may be_, casual, situational or deep and lasting.（分数：2.00）A.identicalB.superficial C.criticalD.original解析：解析：superficial a肤浅的，浅薄的；表面的。identical(with)a.相

23、同的，相等的。critical a.危急的；决定性的，关键性的；批评的，批判的。original a.起初的，原来的；独创的，新颖的。13.Its my firm belief that socialist system is_to all other social systems.（分数：2.00）A.advantageousB.superC.superior D.beneficial解析：14.There is no doubt that the_ of these goods to the others is easy to see.(2005 年电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）

24、A.prestigeB.superiority C.priorityD.publicity解析：解析：本题空格处是说这些货物的优势。B 项“superiority 优越，高傲”符合题意，如：the superiority over the enemy troops(对敌军的优势)。其他三项“prestige 声望，威望，威信；priority 先，前，优先，优先权；publicity 公开”都不正确。15.In addition to rice, we need to _ our diet with fish, meat and vegetable.（分数：2.00）A.replaceB.su

25、pplement C.replenishD.mix解析：解析：supplement vt.增补，补充。replace vt替换，取代；把放回原处。replenish vt.重新充实，补充(消耗掉的尔西)。mix v.(使)混合。16.He was _ to be a college graduate but he knew nothing about history.（分数：2.00）A.supposed B.regardedC.describedD.assumed解析：解析：suppose vt.料想，猜想，假定，以为。17.These people actively try to_ wha

26、t they believe to be bad English and assiduously cultivate what they hope to be good English.(2004 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.suppress B.regressC.enhanceD.revive解析：解析：本题空格处是说这些人积极努力地去压制。18.Hearing the news, she could feel anger_inside her.(2013 年 10 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.stumblingB.staggeringC.twisting

27、D.surging 解析：解析：A 本句是说内心汹涌澎湃，因此选择 D 项。19.Our students educational achievernents equal, and in many cases _, those of students in previous years.(2006 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.surpass B.advanceC.increaseD.multiply解析：解析：本题空格处是说在很多方面超过前几年的学生们的教育成就。四个选项中，surpass 的意思是“超越，胜过”；advance 的意思是“前进，提前，预付”；increase 的

28、意思是“增加，加大”；multiply 的意思是“繁殖，乘，增加”。根据题意，A 项为正确答案。20.You should get rid of some of your _ fat by taking more exercise.（分数：2.00）A.additionalB.complementaryC.uselessD.surplus 解析：解析：surplus a.过剩的，多余的。21.Both a persons heredity and his environment help to shape his character.(2003 年电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.r

29、elativeB.educationC.nationalityD.surroundings 解析：解析：本题中，environment 的意思是“环境，外界”。四个选项中，surroundings 的意思是“环境”，如：The house is in beautiful surroundings(这座房屋四周的环境优美。)relative 的意思是“亲戚”；education 的意思是“教育，培养”；nationality 的意思是“国籍，国家，民族”。根据题意只有 D 项符合题意。22.This _ was conducted to find out how many people pref

30、er rice.（分数：2.00）A.examinationB.survey C.inspectionD.test解析：解析：survey nvt调查，考察，全面审视；测量，勘测：俯视，眺望。23.Crocodiles are _ from the age of dinosaurs.（分数：2.00）A.survivals B.survivorsC.remainsD.remnants解析：解析：survival n幸存者：残存物；幸存，继续生存(如：The old man is a survival of a past ageThis custom is a survival from my

31、great-grandfathers daysHis survival is still uncertain)。survivor n幸存者，活着的人(注：survivor 只用于表示人，而 survival 既可表示人，也可表示物)。remains n.(pl.)残余，余额：遗迹。remnant n残留部分。24.Only one little boy _ the plane crash; everyone else was killed.（分数：2.00）A.escapedB.survived C.submittedD.succeeded解析：解析：survive vt从(灾难中)逃生，(经

32、过一场灾难)存活下来；活得比长 vi活下来，幸存下来(如：Of those wounded in the battle only three survivedThese plants wont survive without sunOnly a few soldiers survived the battleMy father has survived all his brothers and sisters)(对该词尤其要注意作及物动词的用法：某人经过一场灾难仍存活了下来，应说The man survived the disaster表示灾难的 disaster 直接作 survive 的宾语，而不要说 The man went through the disaster and still survivedstill lived)。escape vt逃避，避免，避开。submit vt提交，呈送 vi屈服，听从(to)。succeed vt接替，接之后；继承。25.The two men were _ of receiving stolen property.（分数：2.00）A.chargedB.suspected C.informedD.doubted解析：