【考研类试卷】考博英语-54及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-54 及答案解析(总分：76.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Listenin(总题数：10，分数：5.00)1.Melissa is a computer _ that destroyed files in computers and frustrated thousands of users around the world.（分数：0.50）A.geniusB.virusC.diseaseD.bacteria2.The boy seemed more _ to their poverty after seeing how his grandparents lived

2、.（分数：0.50）A.reconciledB.consolidatedC.deterioratedD.attributed3.When a person dies, his debts must be paid before his _ can be distributed.（分数：0.50）A.paradoxesB.legaciesC.platitudesD.analogies4.Some scientists have suggested that Earth is a kind of zoo or wildlife _ for intelligent space beings, lik

3、e the wilderness areas we have set up on earth to allow animals to develop naturally while we observe them.（分数：0.50）A.conservationB.maintenanceC.storageD.reserve5.The _ emphasis on examinations is by far the worst form of competition in schools.（分数：0.50）A.negligentB.edibleC.fabulousD.disproportionat

4、e6.According to the latest report, consumer confidence _ a breathtaking 15 points last month, to its lowest level in 9 years.（分数：0.50）A.soaredB.mutatedC.plummetedD.fluctuated7.During his two-month stay in China, Tom never _ a chance to practice his Chinese.（分数：0.50）A.passed onB.passed upC.passed byD

5、.passed out8.People innately _ for superiority over their peers although it sometimes takes the form of an exaggerated lust for power.（分数：0.50）A.striveB.ascertainC.justifyD.adhere9.International sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in the present organization of the Olympics, someho

6、w encourages _ patriotism.（分数：0.50）A.obsoleteB.aggressiveC.harmoniousD.amiable10.One can understand others much better by noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and _ to expressed thoughts.（分数：0.50）A.dilemmasB.countenancesC.concessionsD.junctions二、BPart B/B(总题数：10，分数：5.00)11.The m

7、ost urgent thing is to find a dump for those toxic industrial wastes.（分数：0.50）A.imminentB.recyclableC.smellyD.poisonous12.Their signing of the treaty was regarded as a conspiracy against the British Crown.（分数：0.50）A.secret planB.bold attackC.clever designD.joint effort13.Evidence, reference, and foo

8、tnotes by the thousand testify to a scrupulous researcher who does considerable justice to a full range of different theoretical and political positions.（分数：0.50）A.trustworthyB.intelligentC.diligentD.meticulous14.They achieved more than they had ever dreamed, lending a magic to their family story th

9、at no tale or ordinary life could possibly rival.（分数：0.50）A.confirmB.achieveC.matchD.exaggerate15.The analysis suggests that the tradeoff between our childrens college and our own retirement security is chilling.（分数：0.50）A.frighteningB.promisingC.freezingD.revealing16.British Prime Minister Tony Bla

10、ir promised the electorate that guns would not be fired without an attempt to win a further U.N. sanction.（分数：0.50）A.alliesB.delegatesC.votersD.juries17.Though sometimes too lazy to work as hard as her sisters, Linda has a more avid fondness for the limelight.（分数：0.50）A.mercurialB.gallantC.ardentD.f

11、rugal18.The gang derived their nickname from their dark clothing and blacked up faces for nocturnal raids in the forest.（分数：0.50）A.illegalB.night-timeC.brutalD.abusive19.He claims that advertising today tends to portray women in traditional roles such as cooking or taking care of the baby.（分数：0.50）A

12、.depictB.advocateC.criticizeD.analyze20.Despite their spartan, isolated lifestyle, there are no stories of women being raped or wanton violence against civilians in the region.（分数：0.50）A.intriguingB.exasperatingC.demonstrativeD.unprovoked三、BPart Cloze/(总题数：20，分数：20.00)A.transmittedB.purchasedC.soldD

13、.storedA.touchB.contactC.trackD.recordA.connectedB.lodgedC.introducedD.linkedA.fableB.modelC.nameD.brandA.becameB.grewC.turnD.intendA.averageB.normalC.ordinaryD.equalA.whichB.thatC.actuallyD.eagerlyA.fluentlyB.efficientlyC.exactlyD.actuallyA.overB.awayC.insideD.beneathA.aboutB.boundC.goingD.supposed

14、A.attainsB.detainsC.maintainsD.containsA.foundedB.foundC.arguedD.reportedA.inB.onC.aboutD.forA.madeB.sawC.lookedD.turnedA.explainB.serveC.discoverD.evaluateA.supportedB.residedC.livedD.launchedA.exchangedB.shankC.soldD.convenedA.housedB.caughtC.hosedD.hiddenA.relativeB.interactiveC.boundD.contactedA

15、.unwieldyB.toughC.tamableD.invaluable四、BPart Reading (总题数：5，分数：5.00)41.Guthrie identified three methods for _.（分数：1.00）A.educating studentsB.altering bad habitsC.avoiding undesired actionD.forming good hobbies42.The purpose of this passage is to _.（分数：1.00）A.informB.persuadeC.debateD.narrate43.Which

16、 of the following is not the example of applying the threshold method?（分数：1.00）A.Parents introduce spinach in small bites or mixed with a food that the child enjoys over time so that the child will not refuse to eat it.B.Teachers introduce academic content in short blocks of time for young children

17、and gradually increase session length but not to where students become frustrated or bored.C.Paper with wider lines is first used and then paper with narrow lines is introduced step by step to help children learn printing and handwriting.D.A child might be made to throw toys until it is no longer fu

18、n by his parents in order to change his behavior of repeatedly throwing toys.44.To stop snacking while watching television, people should keep their hands busy by sewing, painting, working crossword puzzles, and so forth. Over time, watching TV becomes a cue for engaging in an activity other than sn

19、acking. What method is used in this example?（分数：1.00）A.The threshold method.B.The fatigue method.C.The incompatible response method.D.The punishment method.45.We can draw the conclusion from the passage that _.（分数：1.00）A.The incompatible response method is to force child to make unwanted response re

20、peatedly in presence of stimulus until he or she becomes exhaustedB.The threshold method refers to introducing undesired behavior with a response incompatible with the undesired response so they cannot be performed simultaneouslyC.The fatigue method means that engaging in the behavior is transformed

21、 into avoiding it by introducing the stimulus at full strength so it becomes a cue for not performing itD.The fatigue method is that in presence of stimulus teachers have child make response incompatible with unwanted response五、BPassage 2/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)46.One way to prevent errors in advertising i

22、n different countries is to _.（分数：1.00）A.fire the translators who dont know the target languageB.use the technique called “literal translation“ to reduce the possibility of blundersC.avoid cultural oversights and avoid certain jokesD.explain in details when designing advertisement for other countrie

23、s47.The best title of this passage might be _.（分数：1.00）A.Culture Is Very Important in AdvertisingB.Avoid Cultural Misunderstanding between NationsC.Overcome Cultural Shock in Different CountriesD.Advertisements Reflect Various Life Styles48.Which of the following statements can be used to summarize

24、the gist from Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 6?（分数：1.00）A.Cultural shocksB.Faulty translationsC.Avoid cultural oversightsD.Prevent blunders49.We can learn from the context in Paragraph 9 that the word “camellia“ most probably mean _.（分数：1.00）A.an animal used in perfume for its smellB.a piece of fabric use

25、d both in perfume and at funeralsC.a flower used in perfume for its fragrance and used for funeralsD.an ornament used in perfume and at funerals50.What does the word “blunder“ mean in this passage?（分数：1.00）A.hesitationB.mistakeC.stutterD.default六、BPassage 3/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)51.From the last paragraph

26、 we can gather that _.（分数：1.00）A.there are too many aggressive executivesB.individual talent is not essential for a companyC.the job of an “executive search firm“ is corporate head-huntingD.it is not common for companies to undermine each others managerial ranks52.We can infer from the second paragr

27、aph that _.（分数：1.00）A.promotion depends on amiabilityB.chief executives do not work hard enough at the top levelC.it is the duty of the chief executive to look after the well-being of his subordinatesD.a chief executive is expected to know more about his company and the industry53.For executives, ac

28、cording to the article, a golf course is a place where _.（分数：1.00）A.they can conduct their businessB.they can indulge themselvesC.they can cultivate their mindD.they can exercise as well as socialize54.What is NOT true according to the article?（分数：1.00）A.Executives tend to ignore doctors advice and

29、warnings.B.Executives are sensitive to pressure from the younger generation.C.All chief executives can earn millions of dollars a year.D.Executives are careful of what they eat.55.The term “aerobic exercise“ (first line in second last paragraph)is a kind of _.（分数：1.00）A.hallucination exerciseB.physi

30、cal exerciseC.meditation exerciseD.entertainment七、BPassage 4/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)56.The aim of the rebel led by Mishima was _.（分数：1.00）A.to capture the commanding generalB.to urge the government to declare a war against AmericaC.to incite the soldiers to rebel against the constitutional governmentD.to f

31、orce the Emperor to give up the throne57.What is true according to article?（分数：1.00）A.The general knew that Mishima hint longed to die a heros death.B.The general was greatly taken aback by Mishimas suicide attempt.C.Some soldiers surrendered after Mishimas speech.D.One of Mishimas aides was killed

32、by the soldiers.58.In the 1970 rebel, the speech made by Mishima _.（分数：1.00）A.was well received by the soldiersB.was laughed at by the soldiersC.impressed the commanding generalD.left a deep impression to the soldiers59.The article implies that _.（分数：1.00）A.Mishima refused to join the army when he w

33、as youngB.Mishima has been regarded as a lunatic writerC.Mishima is a person who is hard to defineD.Critics all agree that Mishima is an aesthetic writer60.Mishima became a well-known writer after he had _.（分数：1.00）A.written “Patriotism,“ one of his most powerful storiesB.written eighty short storie

34、sC.published “A Forest in Flower“D.published “Confession of a Mask“八、BPart Translat(总题数：1，分数：3.00)61.One might ask why speculation is permitted when there is so real a danger of loss. The basic reason is that speculation can perform useful functions in the market equilibrium and encourages faster en

35、try of more suppliers, ff the price change lagged until after an actual commodity shortage had occurred, the fluctuation would probably be sharper and more sudden. Remedial supply action could not be further delayed. Similarly, if speculators foresee a surplus in some commodity, their selling of fut

36、ures will help drive the price down to some extent before the surplus actually occurs. When speculators foresee a shortage and bid up the price, they are also helping to conserve the present supply. As the price goes up, less of the commodity is purchased; a rib in price encourages users to economiz

37、e. Similarly, a lowering of price encourages users to buy more, thus helping to sell the surplus which is developing.（分数：3.00）_九、BPart B/B(总题数：1，分数：3.00)62.中国已经发展成为一个全球极富吸引力的、现实的大市场。世界各国和地区不少有远见卓识的企业家，都将目光投向了中国，并从投资活动中获得了丰厚的回报。我相信，中国加入世贸组织后，外商参与中国投资活动的机会将越来越多，自身发展的空间也越来越大。在中国的投资活动一定能成为沟通世界各国和地区的企业家与

38、中国市场的一座桥梁，促进中国和世界经济共同发展、共同繁荣。（分数：3.00）_十、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)_考博英语-54 答案解析(总分：76.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Listenin(总题数：10，分数：5.00)1.Melissa is a computer _ that destroyed files in computers and frustrated thousands of users around the world.（分数：0.50）A.geniusB.virus C.diseaseD.bacteria解析：comput

39、er virus 电脑病毒；genius 天才，天赋；disease 疾病；bacteria 细菌。2.The boy seemed more _ to their poverty after seeing how his grandparents lived.（分数：0.50）A.reconciled B.consolidatedC.deterioratedD.attributed解析：be reconciled to something 甘于；consolidate 巩固；deteriorate 恶化；attribute something to something 将归结于。3.When

40、 a person dies, his debts must be paid before his _ can be distributed.（分数：0.50）A.paradoxesB.legacies C.platitudesD.analogies解析：legacy 遗产；paradox 似是而非的论点，自相矛盾的话；platitude 陈词滥调；analogy 类似，类推。4.Some scientists have suggested that Earth is a kind of zoo or wildlife _ for intelligent space beings, like

41、the wilderness areas we have set up on earth to allow animals to develop naturally while we observe them.（分数：0.50）A.conservationB.maintenanceC.storageD.reserve 解析：wildlife reserve 野生动植物保护区(具体概念)；wildlife conservation 对野生动植物的保护(抽象概念)；maintenance 维护，保持；storage 贮藏(量)。5.The _ emphasis on examinations is

42、 by far the worst form of competition in schools.（分数：0.50）A.negligentB.edibleC.fabulousD.disproportionate 解析：disproportionate 不成比例的，太多的；negligent 疏忽的，粗心大意的；edible 可食用的； fabulous 惊人的，大量的。6.According to the latest report, consumer confidence _ a breathtaking 15 points last month, to its lowest level i

43、n 9 years.（分数：0.50）A.soaredB.mutatedC.plummeted D.fluctuated解析：plummet 垂直下落；soar 剧增；mutate 改变；fluctuate 波动。7.During his two-month stay in China, Tom never _ a chance to practice his Chinese.（分数：0.50）A.passed onB.passed up C.passed byD.passed out解析：pass up(人)拒绝，放过(机会)；pass on 向前移动，转移；pass by(机会)从旁边过去

44、；pass out 分发，分配。8.People innately _ for superiority over their peers although it sometimes takes the form of an exaggerated lust for power.（分数：0.50）A.strive B.ascertainC.justifyD.adhere解析：strive for something 奋斗，争取；ascertain whether/what/how/that 确定，探知；justify(doing)something 证明是正当的；adhere to someth

45、ing 坚持。9.International sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in the present organization of the Olympics, somehow encourages _ patriotism.（分数：0.50）A.obsoleteB.aggressive C.harmoniousD.amiable解析：aggressive 侵犯的，挑衅的；obsolete 陈旧的，过时的；harmonious 和谐的；amiable 和蔼可亲的。10.One can understand oth

46、ers much better by noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and _ to expressed thoughts.（分数：0.50）A.dilemmasB.countenances C.concessionsD.junctions解析：countenance 面容，脸色；dilemma 进退两难的局面，困难的选择；concession 让步；junction 连接、汇合处。二、BPart B/B(总题数：10，分数：5.00)11.The most urgent thing is to find a

47、 dump for those toxic industrial wastes.（分数：0.50）A.imminentB.recyclableC.smellyD.poisonous 解析：toxic 有毒的；poisonous 有毒的；imminent 即将来临的；recyclable 可回收利用的； smelly 发臭的。12.Their signing of the treaty was regarded as a conspiracy against the British Crown.（分数：0.50）A.secret plan B.bold attackC.clever design

48、D.joint effort解析：conspiracy 共谋，阴谋；secret plan 阴谋；bold attack 大胆的攻击；clever design 巧妙的设计；joint effort 共同努力。13.Evidence, reference, and footnotes by the thousand testify to a scrupulous researcher who does considerable justice to a full range of different theoretical and political positions.（分数：0.50）A.trustworthyB.intelligentC.diligentD.meticulous