【考研类试卷】考博英语-360及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-360 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1._ if he is willing to fit in with the plans of our group.（分数：1.00）A.There is no objection on him joining the partyB.There is no objection to him joining the partyC.I have no objection to his joining us in the partyD.I do not obj

2、ect to him to join the party2.Mass transportation revised the social and economic, fabric of the American city in many ways so as to permit an easy row of traffic.（分数：1.00）A.textureB.textileC.networkD.structure3.Henry David Thoreau used to ramble through the woods before he wrote his most famous boo

3、k Walden (1854).（分数：1.00）A.roamB.lingerC.wonderD.browse4.Our visual perception depends on the reception of energy reflecting or radiating from _ which we wish to perceive.（分数：1.00）A.itB.theseC.thatD.those5.It is a general belief in American society that Asian or Asian-American parents are able to in

4、still into their children a much greater incentive to work.（分数：1.00）A.encouragementB.motivationC.inducementD.inspiration6.Costs for regulation of business actually are a hidden tax severely reducing the competitive ness of domestic businesses _ when they face an increasingly global marketplace.（分数：1

5、.00）A.on occasionsB.at a timeC.under the circumstancesD.at once7.Wherever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincidental relationship between them.（分数：1.00）A.vestigesB.residuesC.characteristicsD.figures8.Scientists, like othe

6、r people, are always pleased to have their own ideas _.（分数：1.00）A.validatingB.to be validatedC.validatedD.being validated9.The impact of Thoreau s On the Duty of Civil Disobedience might not have been so far reaching _ for Elizabeth Peabody, who dared to publish the controversial essay.（分数：1.00）A.it

7、 not beingB.if it has not beenC.if it were notD.had it not been10.Samples of this article will be sent to you free _.（分数：1.00）A.of accordB.on requestC.for paymentD.in advance11.Without a(n) liberal supply of necessary equipment and materials, the mountain-climbers would not have been able to scale t

8、he heights and reach the top in such bad weather.（分数：1.00）A.lenientB.freeC.casualD.abundant12.People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change in the nation s economy would bring about social chaos.（分数：1.00）A.occupiedB.overwhelmedC.obligedD

9、.obsessed13.But many in the commission are well aware of such needs, and are seeking to address them.（分数：1.00）A.thrivingB.strikingC.scramblingD.striving14.According to some psychologists, in developing a model of cognition, we must recognize that perception of the external world does not always rema

10、in independent _ motivation.（分数：1.00）A.ofB.onC.uponD.in15.The announcement of the death of their beloved leader caused thereafter a feeling of great despair to _ their lives.（分数：1.00）A.perpetuateB.penetrateC.persistD.persecute16.Those regions inhabited mostly by national minorities in the Northwest

11、of the country are retarded in terms of social progress and economic development _ the coastal provinces.（分数：1.00）A.in relevance toB.in conformity withC.in relation toD.in accordance with17.Some would consider such speech an infringement of good mariners whereas others would not.（分数：1.00）A.an exampl

12、eB.a violationC.an insultD.an indication18.For instance, the public may not fully understand the physical principles behind lasers, but it clearly can appreciate the extraordinary medical benefits _ this technology.（分数：1.00）A.as a result ofB.that result inC.the result of which is inD.resulting from1

13、9.Aside from perpetuating itself, the sole purpose of the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters is to “foster, assist and sustain an interest“ in literature, music, and art.（分数：1.00）A.growB.promoteC.maintainD.survive20.Telecommuting, _ the computer for the trip to the job, has been hail

14、ed as a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work.（分数：1.00）A.substitutesB.substitution ofC.substitutingD.to substitute for二、Part Error Correct(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Aesthetics is broade(总题数：10，分数：10.00)21.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_22.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_23.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_24.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_25.（分数：1.00）填

15、空项 1:_26.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_27.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_28.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_29.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_30.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Read these passages (总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、(1)(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.According to the passage, customers are attracted to a product because it appears to _.（分数：2.00）A.have

16、a sufficiently attractive designB.offer good value for money spent on itC.fulfill the manufacturers claimsD.satisfy their personal needs32.The advertising man is said to share with the Church, Bar, and Medicine the ability to _.（分数：2.00）A.convince people of the truthB.win people s confidenceC.accept

17、 people s prejudicesD.exploit people s fears33.The forms of advertising mentioned in the first paragraph would have least impact _.（分数：2.00）A.in the rush hoursB.during working hoursC.before working hoursD.after working hours34.According to the passage, modern advertising is “authoritative“ because o

18、f the way it _.（分数：2.00）A.influences our image of the kind of person we ought to be likeB.interferes with the privacy of home lifeC.continually forces us into buying thingsD.distracts us no matter where we are35.The advertisers _.（分数：2.00）A.know deep down what they wantB.are interested in what is be

19、ing designedC.are indifferent to what is being advertisedD.are uncritical and easily influenced七、(2)(总题数：5，分数：10.00)36.The primary purpose of the passage is to _.（分数：2.00）A.demonstrate the nineteenth-century preference for realistic novels rather than romantic onesB.explain why Jane Austin s novels

20、were not included in any academic curriculum in tile early nineteenth centuryC.urge a reassessment of Jane Austin s novels by twentieth-century criticsD.describe some of the responses of nineteenth-century critics to Jane Austin s novels as well as to fiction in general37.According to the passage, t

21、he lack of critical attention paid to Jane Austin can be explained by all of the following nineteenth-century attitudes toward the novel EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.the assurance felt by many people that novels weakened the mindB.the certainty shared by many political commentators that the range of novels w

22、as too narrowC.the lack of interest shown by some critics in novels that were published anonymouslyD.the fear exhibited by some critics in novels that had the power to portray immoral characters attractively38.The author mentions that English hterature “was not part of any academic curriculum“ in th

23、e early nineteenth century in order to _.（分数：2.00）A.emphasize the need for Jane Austin to create ordinary, everyday characters in her novelsB.give support to those religious and political groups that had attacked fictionC.give one reason why Jane Austin s novels received little critical attention in

24、 the early nineteenth centuryD.suggest the superiority of an informal and unsystematized approach to the study of literature39.It can be inferred from the passage that Whately found Dickens characters to be（分数：2.00）A.especially interesting to young readersB.ordinary persons in recognizably human sit

25、uationsC.less liable than Jane Austin s characters to have a realistic mixture of moral qualitiesD.more often villainous and weak than virtuous and good40.The passage suggests that twentieth-century Marxists would have admired Jane Austin s novels more if the novels as the Marxists understood them,

26、had _.（分数：2.00）A.described the values of upper-middle class societyB.avoided moral instruction and sermonizingC.depicted ordinary society in a more flattering lightD.portrayed characters from more than one class of society八、(3)(总题数：5，分数：10.00)41.The direct reason for “hidden harmony“ in human cultur

27、e is _.（分数：2.00）A.dynamic balanceB.static equipoiseC.a struggle between opposing forcesD.something better than that which is obvious42.In the view of the author, man s unity is dialectic because of its _.（分数：2.00）A.simple substance which exists in itselfB.homogeneity of the various elementsC.functio

28、ns in solving philosophical problemsD.heterogeneity of the constituent parts43.We learn from the beginning of the text that a philosophy of culture _.（分数：2.00）A.is not at all to aggregate a mass of factsB.seeks to understand the various facts as a wholeC.assumes the discrete facts as a systematic wh

29、oleD.claims history as a collection of the data of human culture44.We learn from the last paragraph that the author believes that _.（分数：2.00）A.human culture cannot be bound together in natureB.the forms of human culture can conform to their natureC.an identity or similarity is unimportant historical

30、lyD.a lasting and static equipoise exists in the use of human culture45.Speaking of the breadth of human life, the author may probably favor the argument of _.（分数：2.00）A.the historical variety of particular phenomenaB.the varied aspects of man s natureC.the heterogeneity of human cultureD.the specif

31、ic structure of symbolic forms九、Read this passage an(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Dynamic commercial a(总题数：5，分数：10.00)46.Try to define the identity of the author and that of the audience he or she is addressing.（分数：2.00）_47.Comment on the tone of the author.（分数：2.00）_48.Comment on the author s view of what the U

32、. S and Japanese governments might be expected to do to improve trade and economic relations between the two countries.（分数：2.00）_49.Identify areas the author might have ignored or tried deliberately to avoid mentioning where clashes between the US. and Japan have arisen and will likely persist in th

33、e future.（分数：2.00）_50.What is the implication of the term “rogue nations“ from your point of view?（分数：2.00）_十一、Part Translation(总题数：1，分数：15.00)51.约翰施特劳斯(Johann Strauss)的故居在一条大街上，是一座粉色的四层楼老公寓房子。施特劳斯曾住在这座房子二层楼上的两套房间里，于 1866年末到 1867年初在这里谱写了蓝色的多瑙河(The Blue Danube)这支名曲。那时他已经 42岁了，在维也纳音乐界中负有盛名，但只是在这支乐曲问世以

34、后，才奠定了他的“圆舞曲之王”的地位。这座房子离多瑙河不远，步行约半个多小时。当时这里是一片大森林，施特劳斯常常穿过森林到河边去散步，现在房屋鳞次栉比，成为热闹的大街了。（分数：15.00）_十二、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：15.00)52.Now write your composition on the Answer Sheet.（分数：15.00）_考博英语-360 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1._ if he is willing to fit in with the pla

35、ns of our group.（分数：1.00）A.There is no objection on him joining the partyB.There is no objection to him joining the partyC.I have no objection to his joining us in the party D.I do not object to him to join the party解析：句意：要是他愿意与我们的计划一致的话，我不反对他加入。2.Mass transportation revised the social and economic,

36、 fabric of the American city in many ways so as to permit an easy row of traffic.（分数：1.00）A.textureB.textileC.networkD.structure 解析：fabric 结构，构造。structure 结构，构造。texture 纹理，质地。network 网络。3.Henry David Thoreau used to ramble through the woods before he wrote his most famous book Walden (1854).（分数：1.00

37、）A.roam B.lingerC.wonderD.browse解析：ramble 散步，闲逛。roam 漫步，闲逛。linger 逗留，留恋。wonder 惊讶，惊奇。 browse 浏览，吃草。4.Our visual perception depends on the reception of energy reflecting or radiating from _ which we wish to perceive.（分数：1.00）A.itB.theseC.that D.those解析：that 作 from的宾语，同时又在句中充当先行词。5.It is a general bel

38、ief in American society that Asian or Asian-American parents are able to instill into their children a much greater incentive to work.（分数：1.00）A.encouragementB.motivation C.inducementD.inspiration解析：incentive 动机。motivation 动机。inspiration 激励，鼓舞。encouragement 鼓励。inducement引诱，劝诱。6.Costs for regulation

39、of business actually are a hidden tax severely reducing the competitive ness of domestic businesses _ when they face an increasingly global marketplace.（分数：1.00）A.on occasionsB.at a time C.under the circumstancesD.at once解析：句意：商务规章实际上是一种隐性税收，面临国际市场时，它严重降低了国内商务的竞争力。at a time某时。7.Wherever two or more

40、unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincidental relationship between them.（分数：1.00）A.vestigesB.residuesC.characteristics D.figures解析：trait 显著特点，特性。characteristic 特性，特征。vestige 遗迹，痕迹。residue 残余，剩余。8.Scientists, like other people, are alway

41、s pleased to have their own ideas _.（分数：1.00）A.validatingB.to be validatedC.validated D.being validated解析：句意：与其他人一样，科学家们总是希望他们的观点合法化。have sth done 结构。9.The impact of Thoreau s On the Duty of Civil Disobedience might not have been so far reaching _ for Elizabeth Peabody, who dared to publish the cont

42、roversial essay.（分数：1.00）A.it not beingB.if it has not beenC.if it were notD.had it not been 解析：对过去发生事情的虚拟。had it not been=if it hadnt been10.Samples of this article will be sent to you free _.（分数：1.00）A.of accordB.on request C.for paymentD.in advance解析：句意：这篇文章的样稿将会应你的要求寄给你。on request 有详细资料备索。in adv

43、ance 预先；提前。11.Without a(n) liberal supply of necessary equipment and materials, the mountain-climbers would not have been able to scale the heights and reach the top in such bad weather.（分数：1.00）A.lenientB.freeC.casualD.abundant 解析：liberal 充足的，丰富的。abundant 丰富的，充裕的。lenient 仁慈的，宽大的。12.People in the Un

44、ited States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change in the nation s economy would bring about social chaos.（分数：1.00）A.occupiedB.overwhelmedC.obligedD.obsessed 解析：haunt 萦绕在心头，缠绕。obsess 使缠绕，困扰。overwhelm 制服，压倒。occupy 占据，占用。13.But many in the commission are well

45、aware of such needs, and are seeking to address them.（分数：1.00）A.thrivingB.strikingC.scramblingD.striving 解析：seek 企图，试图。strive 努力，力求。thrive 兴旺，繁荣。scramble 攀登，争夺。14.According to some psychologists, in developing a model of cognition, we must recognize that perception of the external world does not alw

46、ays remain independent _ motivation.（分数：1.00）A.of B.onC.uponD.in解析：independent of 独立于，不依赖于。15.The announcement of the death of their beloved leader caused thereafter a feeling of great despair to _ their lives.（分数：1.00）A.perpetuate B.penetrateC.persistD.persecute解析：perpetuate 使永久存在，保存。penetrate 穿透，渗透。persecute 迫害。persist 坚持，持续。16.Those regions inhabited mostly by national minorities in the Northwest of the country are retarded in terms of social progress and economic development _