【考研类试卷】考博英语-319及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-319 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、综合题型(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.How can researchers in “sleep laboratories“ tell that the animals they are observing are asleep or not?（分数：2.00）A.They see if the animals respond to light and sound.B.They do this by observing changes in t

2、he animals brain signals, breathing, heartbeat, and muscle activity.C.They see if the animals eyes are closed.D.They can tell this by seeing if the animals lie down or not.2.The statement,“ Horses and cows, for example, rarely close their eyes“ aims to show that _.（分数：2.00）A.these animals rarely nee

3、d any restB.they almost always keep alert to dangerC.they often stay awakeD.their eyes are rarely closed even when they are asleep3.Animals that are good sleepers _.（分数：2.00）A.need to have a good sleep after they have exhausted themselves by getting rid of hunting animalsB.need to have a good sleep

4、after they get tired from hunting other animalsC.are all mammalsD.almost always have a safe resting place4.According to the author, all animals _.（分数：2.00）A.spend some time restingB.close their eyes when sleepingC.are good sleepersD.are poor sleepers5.According to the research findings mentioned in

5、the passage, reptiles _.（分数：2.00）A.such as turtles and snakes cannot close their eyesB.cannot be studied with an EECC.do not sleep in the tree sense of the wordD.do not need to rest6.According to the author, humorists differ from ordinary people in the sense that _.（分数：2.00）A.they give vent to their

6、 sorrows in a laughable wayB.they have much trouble in their life and they are melancholyC.they are more sensible of the sadness of life and they endure and express the pain cheerfullyD.they are mostly clowns with a breaking heart7.The passages success lies in its extensive use of _.（分数：2.00）A.paral

7、lelismB.metaphorsC.metonymyD.similes8.A humorous piece of writing can make the readers emotional responses untrustworthy because _.（分数：2.00）A.it expresses the truth of the sadness of human life with a sparkling surfaceB.everyone has his happy moments and unhappy momentsC.there is an obvious line bet

8、ween laughing and cryingD.it is like poetry, very rhythmic9.The author uses the example of the soap bubble blower to show that _.（分数：2.00）A.skill is required to produce humorB.neither too much exaggeration nor absolute explicitness is fit for humorC.people should perfect the art of humor just as the

9、 bubble blower does to the bubblesD.humor should make people frantic for a while10.In the first paragraph the author wants to say that _.（分数：2.00）A.just as scientists can dissect a frog, so analysts can dissect humorB.detailed, scientific analysis is not appropriate for humor, for it may make humor

10、lose its aesthetic valueC.some people s analysis of humor are too scientificD.analysts attempts at humor are not instructive enough to interest the author11.Which of the following statements does the author imply?（分数：2.00）A.Scientists engaged in theoretical research should not be blamed for ignoring

11、 the practical side of their discoveries.B.Today few people have any notions of the meaning of science.C.In science, it is not difficult to distinguish fact from fiction.D.Practical-minded people can understand the meaning and objectives of pure scienc12.A scientist interested in adding to our gener

12、al knowledge about oxygen would probably call his approach _.（分数：2.00）A.applied scienceB.agriculture scienceC.pure scienceD.environmental science13.To define science we may simply call it _.（分数：2.00）A.the study of unrelated subjectsB.an attempt to explain natural phenomenaC.the study of unrelated fi

13、eldsD.classified knowledge14.The best title for the passage is _.（分数：2.00）A.The Nature of Science and ScientistsB.Biology and the Scientific AgeC.Hypotheses and TheoriesD.On Distinguishing Fact from Fiction15.Pure science, leading to the construction of a microscope, _.（分数：2.00）A.may lead to antisci

14、entific, “impure“ resultsB.necessarily precedes applied science, leading to the discovery of a cellC.is not always as pure as we supposeD.necessarily results from applied science and the discovery of a cell16.It can be inferred from the passage that rent controls _.（分数：2.00）A.seems unable to control

15、 high rentsB.is successfulC.is favoured by builders and landlordsD.will be cancelled17.The aim of the U.S. government in imposing rent controls on American cities in 1943 was to help _.（分数：2.00）A.workers and the families of soldiersB.low-income familiesC.up-middle-income familiesD.high-income famili

16、es18.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The Highest RentB.Rent ControlsC.Building Apartments for low-Income FamiliesD.Rent-Control Laws19.This passage implies that the high cost of renting apartments is worried by _.（分数：2.00）A.some city governmentsB.low-income

17、familiesC.renters and city plannersD.all of the above20.From the passage we learn that many renters disagree with _.（分数：2.00）A.low-income familiesB.builders and landlordsC.high-income familiesD.the government六、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：15.00)21.The captain of the ship _ the passengers that there was

18、 no danger.（分数：0.50）A.insuredB.assuredC.ensuredD.secured22.He often _ in his speech.（分数：0.50）A.rumblesB.stumblesC.C . tumblesD.jumbles23.What is it that the author wants to _ to his readers through the story?（分数：0.50）A.conveyB.convinceC.convertD.conform24.Once the price of the land has been _ , we c

19、an go ahead to build the house.（分数：0.50）A.agreed onB.agreed toC.agreed atD.agreed with25.The laser represents a true marriage between science and technology, the men who devised it were _ engineers and physicists.（分数：0.50）A.spontaneouslyB.simultaneouslyC.instantaneouslyD.homogeneously26.To get my tr

20、aveler s cheques I had to _ such a special cheque to the bank for the total amount.（分数：0.50）A.make forB.make outC.make upD.make over27.The companys training plan was designed to help the employees to improve their work habits and _.（分数：0.50）A.proficiencyB.sufficiencyC.insufficiencyD.efficiency28.We

21、should _ with the doctors request.（分数：0.50）A.consultB.concealC.consentD.comply29.The puritan army executed the king, abolished the House of Lords, got the House of Commons to _ England a “commonwealth“, or republic.（分数：0.50）A.proclaimB.reclaimC.exclaimD.declaim30.He couldnt _ his curiosity to see wh

22、at was in the box.（分数：0.50）A.retainB.restrainC.restrictD.represent31.Certainly man must _ the future, and find ways of providing for his use.（分数：0.50）A.look toB.look upC.look forD.look on32.Some disputes among these countries are _ by history.（分数：0.50）A.left overB.turned overC.handed overD.taken ove

23、r33.Trade relationships between the two countries will improve if their _ leaders could agree on the proposed quotas.（分数：0.50）A.respectableB.respectiveC.respectfulD.respecting34.I have omitted many things which _ a place in the book.（分数：0.50）A.reservedB.deservedC.preservedD.observed35.A full _ of al

24、l the reasons for and against closing the railway has begun.（分数：0.50）A.explosionB.explorationC.exploitationD.explanation36.Dont rest on your laurels; _ your success and start looking for new markets now.（分数：0.50）A.add upB.follow upC.work upD.count up37.He was trained as a doctor but _ to diplomacy.（

25、分数：0.50）A.convertedB.revertedC.divertedD.averted38.Mosquitoes are only means of _ of malari（分数：0.50）A.A. transferenceB. transformationC. transitionD. transmission39.He was easily hurt because his feelings were very _.（分数：0.50）A.sensibleB.sensationalC.sensitiveD.senseless40.Although the end of the te

26、rm was close _ , Jim had not completed all of the projects he had hoped to finish.（分数：0.50）A.on handB.by handC.at handD.in hand41.I _ to one daily newspaper and one weekly magazine.（分数：0.50）A.describeB.prescribeC.subscribeD.transcribe42.Lessons written in blood _ the colonial people to uprising.（分数：

27、0.50）A.propelled.B.promptedC.promotedD.proceeded43.Bens wife lost the case, which _ her enormously.（分数：0.50）A.compressedB.depressedC.impressedD.suppressed44.This type of chair, easily _ or folded away, is ideal for use in the garden.（分数：0.50）A.put outB.put inC.put upD.put forth45.I thought the meeti

28、ng was going to be awful, but it didnt _ too badly.（分数：0.50）A.mm upB.turn outC.turn apartD.turn down46.He didnt do so well in the race _ his training.（分数：0.50）A.for allB.above allC.in allD.after all47.They seized Belgrade, though only after having encountered a stubborn _.（分数：0.50）A.persistenceB.res

29、istanceC.insistenceD.assistance48.Helen was so persistent that her husband _ at last.（分数：0.50）A.concededB.convergedC.conceivedD.conferred49.The bank manager asked his assistant if it was possible for him to _ the investment plan within a week.（分数：0.50）A.work outB.make outC.put outD.set out50.Althoug

30、h students may be in a _ position, teachers shall treat them as equals.（分数：0.50）A.subsidiaryB.submarineC.subordinateD.subsequent七、Part Cloze(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Many countries will (总题数：20，分数：10.00)51.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_52.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_53.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_54.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_55.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_56.（分数：0.50

31、）填空项 1:_57.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_58.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_59.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_60.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_61.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_62.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_63.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_64.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_65.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_66.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_67.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_68.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_69.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_70.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_九、Part English-Chine(总题数：0

32、，分数：0.00)771.（分数：2.00）_72.（分数：2.00）_73.（分数：2.00）_十一、Part Chinese-Engli(总题数：1，分数：4.00)74.你可能在花费过多的时间竭力去赢得他人的赞许，也可能因别人的非议而费心劳神。如果别人的赞许已成为你生活中的一种需要，那么，你就不能听之任之了。首先，你应该认识到：寻求赞许与其说是生活之必需，不如说是一种欲望。我们都愿意博得掌声、听到赞扬或受到称颂。精神上受到抚慰的感觉是美妙的。准愿意放弃这种享受呢?是的，确实也没有必要放弃。赞许本身无损于你的精神健康；事实上，受到恭维是令人十分惬意的事。寻求赞许的心理只有在成为一种需要，而

33、不仅仅是愿望时，才成为一个误区。（分数：4.00）_十二、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：25.00)75.3embodiment of the saying in scientific research or daily life（分数：25.00）_考博英语-319 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、综合题型(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.How can researchers in “sleep laboratories“ tell that the animals they ar

34、e observing are asleep or not?（分数：2.00）A.They see if the animals respond to light and sound.B.They do this by observing changes in the animals brain signals, breathing, heartbeat, and muscle activity. C.They see if the animals eyes are closed.D.They can tell this by seeing if the animals lie down or

35、 not.解析：从第三段“The answers come fromthan when they appear to be awake”可知，研究人员用一种叫做 EEC的机器测量脑信号、呼吸、心跳和肌肉活动，以判断它们是否在睡觉，因为动物睡觉时和醒着时，测量结果是不一样的。2.The statement,“ Horses and cows, for example, rarely close their eyes“ aims to show that _.（分数：2.00）A.these animals rarely need any restB.they almost always keep

36、 alert to dangerC.they often stay awakeD.their eyes are rarely closed even when they are asleep 解析：作者在第二段说，马和牛很少闭上眼睛，但这并不能说明它们不睡觉。事实上它们睡觉的时候眼睛经常是睁开的。3.Animals that are good sleepers _.（分数：2.00）A.need to have a good sleep after they have exhausted themselves by getting rid of hunting animalsB.need to

37、 have a good sleep after they get tired from hunting other animalsC.are all mammalsD.almost always have a safe resting place 解析：根据第三段中句子“Interestingly，the goodfrom their enemies”可知，能睡觉的动物都是有安全休息地点的捕食者，所以选 D。其余选项都不正确。4.According to the author, all animals _.（分数：2.00）A.spend some time resting B.close

38、their eyes when sleepingC.are good sleepersD.are poor sleepers解析：答案 A(all animals must spend some time resting)跟第一段的首句 All animals must rest意思相同。5.According to the research findings mentioned in the passage, reptiles _.（分数：2.00）A.such as turtles and snakes cannot close their eyesB.cannot be studied

39、with an EECC.do not sleep in the tree sense of the word D.do not need to rest解析：答案 C的意思与第三段中的 do not truly sleep的意思完全吻合。6.According to the author, humorists differ from ordinary people in the sense that _.（分数：2.00）A.they give vent to their sorrows in a laughable wayB.they have much trouble in their

40、life and they are melancholyC.they are more sensible of the sadness of life and they endure and express the pain cheerfully D.they are mostly clowns with a breaking heart解析：在第三段中，作者认为每个人的人生都有忧郁与悲伤，所以 B不正确。而幽默家对悲伤更敏感，主动积极的去弥补它。幽默家从困境中得到滋养，高高兴兴的忍受痛苦，用幽默的语言表达出来，所以选项C比选项 A恰当。作者认为说幽默家是小丑是不恰当的，所以 D不正确。7.T

41、he passages success lies in its extensive use of _.（分数：2.00）A.parallelismB.metaphors C.metonymyD.similes解析：parallelism 排比；metaphor 暗喻；metonymy 换喻；simile 明喻。全文多次使用暗喻的修辞手法，使文章生动、含蓄而耐人寻味，激发人的思考，比如“the strong tide of human woe”，这正是文章的成功之处。因此选 B。8.A humorous piece of writing can make the readers emotiona

42、l responses untrustworthy because _.（分数：2.00）A.it expresses the truth of the sadness of human life with a sparkling surface B.everyone has his happy moments and unhappy momentsC.there is an obvious line between laughing and cryingD.it is like poetry, very rhythmic解析：根据第三段最后一句话“Beneath the sparking s

43、urfacehuman woe”选答案 A。9.The author uses the example of the soap bubble blower to show that _.（分数：2.00）A.skill is required to produce humorB.neither too much exaggeration nor absolute explicitness is fit for humor C.people should perfect the art of humor just as the bubble blower does to the bubblesD

44、.humor should make people frantic for a while解析：第二段说“Humor is a little like thatit is a complete mystery”，意思是说幽默经受不住夸张，也经受不住过于直截了当。答案 B正是这个意思。10.In the first paragraph the author wants to say that _.（分数：2.00）A.just as scientists can dissect a frog, so analysts can dissect humorB.detailed, scientific

45、 analysis is not appropriate for humor, for it may make humor lose its aesthetic value C.some people s analysis of humor are too scientificD.analysts attempts at humor are not instructive enough to interest the author解析：第一段中讲到“Humor can be dissecteddies in the process”，意思是说人们能够像解剖青蛙那样剖析幽默，不过一经剖析，幽默则

46、荡然无存。其中 The thing指代 humor，die 意思是“消失”。11.Which of the following statements does the author imply?（分数：2.00）A.Scientists engaged in theoretical research should not be blamed for ignoring the practical side of their discoveries. B.Today few people have any notions of the meaning of science.C.In science, it is not difficult to distinguish fact from fiction.D.Practical-minded people