【考研类试卷】考博英语-291及答案解析.doc

《【考研类试卷】考博英语-291及答案解析.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《【考研类试卷】考博英语-291及答案解析.doc（25页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、考博英语-291 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.When Columbus reached the New World, corn was the _ in Americ（分数：1.00）A.A. widely most grown plantB. most widely grown plantC. most grown widely plantD. plant widely grown most2.I dont see any _ in going on a picnic in such bad

2、weather.（分数：1.00）A.dotB.pointC.lotD.spot3._ touching in Henrys stories is the gallantry with which ordinary people straggle to maintain their dignity.（分数：1.00）A.Most isB.It mostly isC.Is it mostD.What is most4.It was _ for him to wear a T-shirt at the reception.（分数：1.00）A.out of placeB.out of questi

3、onC.out of orderD.out of practice5.The problem has been _ my mind all day.（分数：1.00）A.preying onB.getting atC.taking onD.seeing to6.The discovery of the halftone process in photography in 1881 made it _ photographs in books and newspapers.（分数：1.00）A.the possible reproductionB.the possibility of repro

4、ducingC.possible to reproduceD.possibly reproduced7.During the night a persons temperature may drop one or two degrees, and it can be difficult to _ him in the morning if his body hasnt become hot yet.（分数：1.00）A.ariseB.arouseC.raiseD.rise8.The board of the company has decided to _ its operation to i

5、nclude all aspects of the clothing business.（分数：1.00）A.enlargeB.extendC.amplifyD.expand9.The central plan, _ by the government, shows the amount of each goods produced by the various firms and shared among different households for consumption.（分数：1.00）A.drawn onB.drawn downC.drawn upD.drawn back10.T

6、he man went to prison, but the two boys _ with a warning.（分数：1.00）A.took offB.got offC.kept offD.set off11.I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _ when judging my examination.（分数：1.00）A.accountB.regardC.countingD.observation12.A new baby and a new job can be equally _.（分数：1.00）A.tremend

7、ousB.intensiveC.demandingD.overwhelming13.She _ the list of names to see if hers was on it.（分数：1.00）A.glancedB.gazedC.peeredD.scanned14.The instruction ask that we _ a red pen.（分数：1.00）A.do not useB.not useC.use notD.did not use15.I took _ of the opportunity to tell him what I thought.（分数：1.00）A.gai

8、nB.advantageC.benefitD.profit16.Jacobson is often referred to _ at the factory.（分数：1.00）A.as the best engineerB.be the best engineerC.by the president to be best engineerD.as being the best engineer17.The man was detained by the police at the airport because his passport was found to be _.（分数：1.00）A

9、.an artificial oneB.an unnatural oneC.an untrue oneD.a false one18.Only recently _ possible to separate the components of fragrant substances and to determine their chemical composition.（分数：1.00）A.it becomesB.having becomeC.has it becomeD.which becomes19.The appeal for funds did not _ much of a resp

10、onse.（分数：1.00）A.dragB.elicitC.temptD.attract20.the symphony, no one in the audience spoke.（分数：1.00）A.ByB.ForC.DuringD.From二、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Critics of early schooling cite research that questions whether 4-year-old children are ready to take on formal learning. Educators find that (21) tod

11、dlers are more likely to succeed during. their school careers. (22) their younger counterparts are more likely to (23) . Kindergarten children who turn five during the (24) half of the year seem to be at a disadvantage when it (25) physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development. Additiona

12、lly, children who are nearly six when they enter kindergarten (26) to receive better grades and score higher on achievement (27) throughout their schooling experience (28) do those who begin kindergarten having just turned five. Being bright and verbally skillful and being ready for school do not se

13、em to be the (29) thing. It is easy to confuse the superficial poise and sophistication of many of todays children (30) inner maturity. Indeed, evidence suggests that early schooling boomerangs: Youngsters (31) parents push them to attain academic success in preschool are less creative, have (32) an

14、xiety about tests, and, by the end of kindergarten, fall to maintain their initial academic advantage (33) their less-pressured peers.Many psychologists and educators remain skeptical of approaches that place 4-year-olds in a formal educational setting. They question (34) environmental enrichment ca

15、n significantly alter the built-in developmental timetable of a child reared in a non-disadvantaged home. They do not deny, however, the (35) of day-care centers and nursery schools that provide a homelike environment and allow children (36) freedom to play, develop at their own (37) , and evolve th

16、eir social skills. But they point out that many of the things children once did in first grade are now (38) of them in kindergarten, and they worry lest more and more will now be asked of 4- year-olds. These psychologists and educators believe we are driving young children too (39) and thereby depri

17、ving them of their (40) .（分数：20.00）A.olderB.tallerC.StrongerD.smarterA.sinceB.now thatC.therebyD.whereasA.fallB.fallC.fleeD.fearA.lateB.laterC.latestD.latterA.lies inB.deals withC.comes toD.calls forA.helpB.wantC.endD.preferA.testsB.trialsC.performanceD.competitionA.thatB.whichC.thenD.thanA.easyB.ha

18、rdC.sameD.similarA.forB.againstC.withD.towardsA.andB.withC.thoseD.whoseA.muchB.moreC.manyD.mostA.toB.againstC.overD.thanA.howB.thatC.whyD.whetherA.valueB.powerC.considerationD.responsibility.A.possibleB.reasonableC.imaginableD.considerableA.wayB.caseC.paceD.meansA.thoughtB.remindedC.expectedD.regard

19、edA.wellB.hardC.badlyD.directlyA.memoryB.childhoodC.ambitionsD.simplicity三、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The next time the men were taken up onto the deck, Kunta made a point of looking at the man behind him in line, the one who lay beside him to the left when they wer

20、e below. He was a Serere tribesman much older than Kunta, and his body, front and back, was creased with whip cuts, some of them so deep and festering that Kunta felt badly for having wished sometimes that he might strike the man in the darkness for moaning so steadily in his pain. Staring back at K

21、unta, the Sereres dark eyes were full of fury and defiance. A whip lashed out even as they stood looking at each other-this time at Kunta, spurring him to move ahead. Trying to roll away, Kunta was kicked heavily in bis ribs. But somehow he and the gasping Wolof managed to stagger back up among the

22、other men from their shelf who were shambling toward their dousing with buckets of seawater.A moment later, the stinging saltiness of it was burning in Kuntas wounds, and his screams joined those of others over the sound of the drum and the wheezing thing that had again begun marking time for the ch

23、ained men to jump and dance for the toubob. Kunta and the Wolof were so weak from their new beating that twice they stumbled, but whip blows and kicks sent them hopping clumsily up and down in their chains. So great was his fury that Kunta was barely aware of the women singing “Toubob fa!“ And when

24、he had finally been chained back down in his place in the dark hold, his heart throbbed with a lust to murder toubob.Every few days the eight naked toubob would again come into the stinking darkness and scrape their tubs full of the excrement that had accumulated on the shelves where the chained men

25、 lay. Kunta would lie still with his eyes staring bale fully in hatred, following the bobbing orange lights, listening to the toubob cursing and sometimes slipping and t. ailing into the slickness underfoot-so plentiful now, because of the increasing looseness of the mens bowels, that the filth had

26、begun to drop off the edges of the shelves down into the aisleway.The last time they were on deck, Kunta had noticed a man limping on a badly infected leg. This time the man was kept up on deck when the rest were taken back below. A few days later, the women told the other prisoners in their singing

27、 that the mans leg had been cut off and that one of the women had been brought to tend him, but that the man had died that night and been thrown over the side. Starting then, when the toubob came to clean the shelves, they also dropped red-hot pieces of metal into pails of strong vinegar. The clouds

28、 of acrid steam left the hold smelling better, but soon it would again be overwhelmed by the choking stink. It was a smell that Kunta felt would never leave his lungs and skin.The steady murmuring that went on in the hold whenever the toubob were gone kept growing in volume and intensity as the men

29、began to communicate better and better with one another. Words not understood were .whispered from mouth to ear along the shelves until someone who knew more than one tongue would send back their meanings. In the process, all of the men along each shelf learned new words in tongues they had not spok

30、en before. Sometimes men jerked upward, bumping their heads, in the double excitement of communicating with each other and the fact that it was being done without the toubobs knowledge. Muttering among themselves for hours, the men developed a deepening sense of intrigue and of brotherhood. Though t

31、hey were of different villages and tribes, the feeling grew that they were not from different peoples or places.（分数：5.00）(1).The living conditions for the Blacks in the hold of the slave ship were _.（分数：1.00）A.adequate but primitiveB.inhumane and inadequateC.humane but crowdedD.similar to the crews

32、quarters(2).The prisoners had difficulty communicating with each other because _.（分数：1.00）A.they were too sick to talkB.they distrusted one anotherC.no one felt like talkingD.they spoke different languages(3).Which of the following words is closest in meaning to balefully as used in “Kunta would lie

33、 still with his eyes staring balefully in hatred.“（分数：1.00）A.IndulgentlyB.VacantlyC.ForlornlyD.Menacingly(4).By constantly referring to such things as filth and choking stink, the author seeks to create a tone that arouses a feeling of _.（分数：1.00）A.disgust with the dirtB.horror at the injusticeC.rev

34、olting at the foul odorD.relief that this happened long ago(5).Despite their intense pain and suffering, the Black men found a small measure of comfort in _.（分数：1.00）A.their exercise periods on deckB.the breathtaking ocean sceneryC.their conversations with the Black womenD.their conversations with o

35、ne another五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Large, multinational corporations may be the companies whose ups and downs seize headlines. But to a far greater extent than most Americans realize, the economys vitality depends on the fortunes of tiny shops and restaurants, neighborhood services and factories.

36、 Small businesses, defined as those with fewer than 100 workers, now employ nearly 60 percent of the work force and are expected to generate half of all new jobs between now and the year 2000. Some 1.2 million small firms have opened their doors over the past six years of economic growth, and 1989 w

37、ill see an additional 200000 entrepreneurs striking off on their own.Too many of these pioneers, however, will blaze ahead unprepared. Idealists will overestimate the clamor for their products or fail to factor in the competition. Nearly everyone will underestimate, often fatally, the capital that s

38、uccess requires. Midcareer executives, forced by a takeover or a restructuring to quit the corporation and find another way to support themselves, may savor the idea of being their own boss but may forget that entrepreneurs must also, at least for a while, be bookkeeper and receptionist, too. Accord

39、ing to Small Business Administration data, 24 of every 100 businesses starting out today are likely to have disappeared in two years, and 27 more will have shut their doors four years from now. By 1995, more than 60 of those 100 start-ups will have folded. A new study of 3000 small businesses, spons

40、ored by American Express and the National Federation of Independent Business, suggests slightly better odds: Three years after start-up, 77 percent of the companies surveyed were still alive. Most credited their success in large part to having picked a business they already were comfortable in. Eigh

41、ty percent had worked with the same product or service in their last jobs.Thinking through an enterprise before the launch is obviously critical. But many entrepreneurs forget that a firms health in its infancy may be little indication of how well it will age. You must tenderly monitor its pulse. In

42、 their zeal to expand, small-business owners often ignore early warning signs of a stagnant market or of decaying profitability. They hopefully pour more and more money into the enterprise, preferring not to acknowledge eroding profit margins that mean the market for their ingenious service or produ

43、ct has evaporated, or that they must cut the payroll or vacate their lavish offices. Only when the financial well runs dry do they see the seriousness of the illness, and by then the patient is usually too far gone to save.Frequent checks of your firms vital signs will also guide you to a sensible r

44、ate of growth. To snatch opportunity, you must spot the signals that it is time to conquer new markets, add products or perhaps franchise your hot idea.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the passage, a countrys economy is probably decided by _.（分数：1.00）A.the prosperity and decline of the transnational corpor

45、ationsB.the rise and fall of the markets and products as well as capitalC.the fate of the small businesses such as small plants and restaurantsD.The economic increase and decrease of the large companies(2).In order to succeed in a business, the entrepreneur should _.（分数：1.00）A.get very well prepared

46、 for his new businessB.choose a business hes already familiar withC.examine the companys crucial signs now and thenD.invest as much as possible into his enterprise(3).Which of the following statements about small business is not true?（分数：1.00）A.It helps effectively to fight unemployment.B.The earlie

47、r it starts, the sooner it collapses.C.There% a good omen for small business according to a survey.D.Some small business owners are blind to early premonition of failur(4).What does the last sentence in the 3rd paragraph mean according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.The patient is seriously iii because o

48、f lack of water in the well.B.The patient can be saved if he has enough money to solve the financial problem.C.Its too late for small business owners to realize the gravity of the problem because they have used up .their money.D.Its urgent for small business owners to pour all their money into the e

49、nterprise to revitalize their business.(5).Whats the main idea of this passage?（分数：1.00）A.How to become a winner in small business?B.How to be a successful boss in multinational corporation?C.How to deal with the ups and downs in small business?D.How to conquer new markets and gain the largest profit?六、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The blue, mystic Lake Elsinore lies in an inland California valley which is teeming and steaming with hot springs. Ri