【考研类试卷】2014年电子科技大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析.doc

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1、2014 年电子科技大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.FTZ（分数：2.00）_3.ADIZ（分数：2.00）_4.cost principle（分数：2.00）_5.third-party custodians（分数：2.00）_6.foreign exchange reserve（分数：2.00）_7.blind date（分数：2.00）_8.departure gate（分数：2.00）_9.Independence Day（分数：2.00）_10.player of the yea

2、r（分数：2.00）_11.storm in a tea cup（分数：2.00）_12.smart phone（分数：2.00）_13.federal shutdown（分数：2.00）_14.World Heritage List（分数：2.00）_15.simultaneous interpreting（分数：2.00）_16.cultural turn（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.信息共享平台（分数：2.00）_19.核心竞争力（分数：2.00）_春运_21.过境免签（分数：2.00）_22.人才流失（分数：2.00）_23.合同违约（分数：2.00）_24.退休金双轨制（分

3、数：2.00）_25.素质教育（分数：2.00）_26.自主创业（分数：2.00）_27.申报个人财产（分数：2.00）_28.对口支援（分数：2.00）_29.宜居城市（分数：2.00）_律诗_31.计算机辅助翻译（分数：2.00）_音译_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_34.What is Poetry? Every truth which a human being can enunciate, every thought, even every outward impression, which can enter into his consciousness,

4、 may become poetry, when shown through any impassioned medium; when invested with the coloring of joy, or grief, or pity, or affection, or admiration, or reverence, or awe, or even hatred or terror; and, unless so colored, nothing, be it as interesting as it may, is poetry. Eloquence, as well as poe

5、try, is impassioned truth; eloquence, as well as poetry, is thoughts colored by the feelings. A question will sometimes arise, whether some particular author is a poet; and those who maintain the negative commonly allow that, though not a poet, he is a highly eloquent writer. Poetry and eloquence ar

6、e both alike the expression or utterance of feeling; but, if we may be excused the antithesis, we should say that eloquence is heard; poetry is overheard. Eloquence supposes an audience. The peculiarity of poetry appears to us to lie in the poets utter unconsciousness of a listener. Poetry is feelin

7、g confessing itself to itself in moments of solitude, and embodying itself in symbols which are the nearest possible representations of the feeling in the exact shape in which it exists in the poets mind. Eloquence is feeling pouring itself out to other minds, courting their sympathy, or endeavoring

8、 to influence their belief, or move them to passion or to action. Poetry is the natural fruit of solitude and meditation; eloquence, of intercourse with the world. The persons who have most feeling of their own, if intellectual culture has given them a language in which to express it, have the highe

9、st faculty of poetry: those who best understand the feelings of others are the most eloquent. The persons and the nations who commonly excel in poetry are those whose character and tastes render them least dependent upon the applause or sympathy or concurrence of the world in general. Those to whom

10、that applause, that sympathy, that concurrence, are most necessary, generally excel most in eloquence.（分数：2.00）_35.汉译英_36.选自浮生六记 沈复著 余性爽直，落拓不羁，芸若腐儒，迂拘多礼，偶为披衣整袖，必连声道“得罪”，或递巾授扇，必起身来接。余始厌之，曰：“卿欲以礼缚我耶?语日，礼多必诈。”芸两颊发赤，曰：“恭而有礼，何反言诈?”余曰：“恭敬在心，不在虚文。”芸曰：“至亲莫如父母，可内敬在心而外肆狂放耶?”余曰：“前言戏之耳。”芸曰：“世间反目多由戏起，后勿冤妾，令人郁死!”

11、余乃挽之入怀，抚慰之始解颜为笑。 邻仅老夫妇二人，灌园为业，知余夫妇避暑于此，先来通殷勤，并钓池鱼，摘园蔬为馈。偿其价，不受，芸作鞋报之，始谢而受。时方七月，绿树阴浓，水面风来，蝉鸣聒耳。邻老又为制鱼竿，与芸垂钓于柳荫深处。日落时，登土山，观晚霞夕照，随意联吟，有“兽云吞落日，弓月弹流星”之句。（分数：2.00）_2014 年电子科技大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.FTZ（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：(Free Trade Zone)自由贸易区)解析：3.ADIZ（分数：2

12、.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：(Air Defense Identification Zone)防空识别区)解析：4.cost principle（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：成本原则)解析：5.third-party custodians（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：第三方托管)解析：6.foreign exchange reserve（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：外汇储备)解析：7.blind date（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：相亲)解析：8.departure gate（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：登机口)解析：9.Ind

13、ependence Day（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：独立日)解析：10.player of the year（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：年度最佳球员)解析：11.storm in a tea cup（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：大惊小怪)解析：12.smart phone（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：智能手机)解析：13.federal shutdown（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：政府停摆)解析：14.World Heritage List（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：世界遗产名录；世界遗产名单)解析：15.sim

14、ultaneous interpreting（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：同声传译)解析：16.cultural turn（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：文化转向)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.信息共享平台（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：information-sharing platform)解析：19.核心竞争力（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：core competitive power)解析：春运_正确答案：(正确答案：the Spring Festival transportation)解析：21.过境免签（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确

15、答案：transit without visa)解析：22.人才流失（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：brain drain)解析：23.合同违约（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：breach of contract)解析：24.退休金双轨制（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：dual pension scheme)解析：25.素质教育（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Quality-oriented Education)解析：26.自主创业（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：self-employed)解析：27.申报个人财产（分数：2.00）_正确答案：

16、(正确答案：declare personal assets)解析：28.对口支援（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：partner assistance)解析：29.宜居城市（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：livable city)解析：律诗_正确答案：(正确答案：regulated verses)解析：31.计算机辅助翻译（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：computer-aided translation)解析：音译_正确答案：(正确答案：transliteration)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.What is Poe

17、try? Every truth which a human being can enunciate, every thought, even every outward impression, which can enter into his consciousness, may become poetry, when shown through any impassioned medium; when invested with the coloring of joy, or grief, or pity, or affection, or admiration, or reverence

18、, or awe, or even hatred or terror; and, unless so colored, nothing, be it as interesting as it may, is poetry. Eloquence, as well as poetry, is impassioned truth; eloquence, as well as poetry, is thoughts colored by the feelings. A question will sometimes arise, whether some particular author is a

19、poet; and those who maintain the negative commonly allow that, though not a poet, he is a highly eloquent writer. Poetry and eloquence are both alike the expression or utterance of feeling; but, if we may be excused the antithesis, we should say that eloquence is heard; poetry is overheard. Eloquenc

20、e supposes an audience. The peculiarity of poetry appears to us to lie in the poets utter unconsciousness of a listener. Poetry is feeling confessing itself to itself in moments of solitude, and embodying itself in symbols which are the nearest possible representations of the feeling in the exact sh

21、ape in which it exists in the poets mind. Eloquence is feeling pouring itself out to other minds, courting their sympathy, or endeavoring to influence their belief, or move them to passion or to action. Poetry is the natural fruit of solitude and meditation; eloquence, of intercourse with the world.

22、 The persons who have most feeling of their own, if intellectual culture has given them a language in which to express it, have the highest faculty of poetry: those who best understand the feelings of others are the most eloquent. The persons and the nations who commonly excel in poetry are those wh

23、ose character and tastes render them least dependent upon the applause or sympathy or concurrence of the world in general. Those to whom that applause, that sympathy, that concurrence, are most necessary, generally excel most in eloquence.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 什么是诗歌? 人类可以阐明的每一个真理，每一个想法，甚至每一个可以进入他意识的

24、外在印象，都可以通过任何慷慨激昂的媒介显示出来，成为诗歌；当被赋予喜悦、悲伤、怜悯、感情、羡慕、尊敬、敬畏、甚至仇恨或恐惧等色彩时；除非它是如此多彩并尽可能有趣，否则它就不是诗歌。雄辩和诗歌，是充满激情的真相；也是充满感情色彩的思想。不管一些作者是不是诗人，都会出现这样的问题；并且那些保持消极的人通常认为，即便不是诗人，他也应该是个能言善辩的作家。 诗歌和雄辩都是情感的表达；但是，如果我们可以放弃它们的对立面，我们可以说雄辩是听到的；诗歌是感觉到的。雄辩有听众。诗歌的独特性在于诗人完全丧失了听者意识。诗歌是情感在孤居时刻的自我忏悔，并体现在符号中，这些符号正好是与诗人思想中存在着的那种情感最贴

25、近的表现形式。雄辩是向其他人倾诉自己，吸引他们的同情，或试图影响他们的信仰，或让他们产生感情或做出行动。 诗歌是独处和冥想的天然成果；雄辩，则是与世界的交流的成果。最有感情的人，如果知识文化赋予了他们一种表达语言的能力，那么他就拥有最高的诗歌能力：最能理解他人情感的人，是最善雄辩的人。普遍擅长诗歌的人和国家是那些性格和品味上最不依赖于世界的掌声、同情或一致性的。那些最需要掌声、同情、赞同的人，是最擅长雄辩的人。)解析：35.汉译英_解析：36.选自浮生六记 沈复著 余性爽直，落拓不羁，芸若腐儒，迂拘多礼，偶为披衣整袖，必连声道“得罪”，或递巾授扇，必起身来接。余始厌之，曰：“卿欲以礼缚我耶?语

26、日，礼多必诈。”芸两颊发赤，曰：“恭而有礼，何反言诈?”余曰：“恭敬在心，不在虚文。”芸曰：“至亲莫如父母，可内敬在心而外肆狂放耶?”余曰：“前言戏之耳。”芸曰：“世间反目多由戏起，后勿冤妾，令人郁死!”余乃挽之入怀，抚慰之始解颜为笑。 邻仅老夫妇二人，灌园为业，知余夫妇避暑于此，先来通殷勤，并钓池鱼，摘园蔬为馈。偿其价，不受，芸作鞋报之，始谢而受。时方七月，绿树阴浓，水面风来，蝉鸣聒耳。邻老又为制鱼竿，与芸垂钓于柳荫深处。日落时，登土山，观晚霞夕照，随意联吟，有“兽云吞落日，弓月弹流星”之句。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Six Chapters of a Floating L

27、ife Shen Fu I am by nature candid and unconstrained, but Yun was scrupulous meticulously polite. When I would occasionally put a cape over her shoulder or help her adjust her sleeves, she would invariably say, “I beg your pardon.“ If I gave her a handkerchief of a fan, she would always stand to take

28、 it. At first I didnt like her acting like this, and once I said to her, “Do you think that by being so polite you can make me do as you like? For it is said that “Deceit hides behind too much courtesy.“ Yun blushed, “Why should respect and good manners be called deceit?“ “True respect comes from the heart, not from empty words.“ I said. “There is no one closer to us than our parents,“ Yun said, arguing with me now. “But how could we merely respect them in our heart while be