【考研类试卷】2013年首都师范大学英语专业(语言学)真题试卷及答案解析.doc
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1、2013 年首都师范大学英语专业(语言学)真题试卷及答案解析(总分:32.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、匹配题(总题数:1,分数:10.00)Match the term with its definition.(10 points)a. an affixational process that forms a word with a meaning and/or category distinct from that of its basesb. the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same formc.
2、 making the two phones similar by “copying “a feature of a sequential phonemed. the word which is more general in meaninge. the phenomenon that the same one word may have more than one meaningf. the phenomenon that a sound is to be deleted although it is orthographically representedg. the consequenc
3、e of, or the change brought about by the utterance(分数:10.00)(1).perlocutionary act(分数:2.00)_(2).polysemy(分数:2.00)_(3).derivation(分数:2.00)_(4).assimilation rule(分数:2.00)_(5).superordinate(分数:2.00)_二、名词解释(总题数:10,分数:20.00)1.Give a short definition to each of the following terms in English with an examp
4、le.Sociolect(分数:2.00)_2.conversational implicature(分数:2.00)_3.endocentric construction(分数:2.00)_4.phonemic contrast(分数:2.00)_5.langue and parole(分数:2.00)_6.open-class words(分数:2.00)_7.utterance meaning(分数:2.00)_8.critical period hypothesis(分数:2.00)_9.arbitrariness of language(分数:2.00)_10.learning st
5、rategies(分数:2.00)_三、简答题(总题数:1,分数:2.00)11.Answer the following question with necessary background information and/or illustrative examples to show your understanding.(20 points)Discuss the behaviorist“s view of language acquisition and the implications and limitations of this theory on second languag
6、e acquisition.(分数:2.00)_2013 年首都师范大学英语专业(语言学)真题试卷答案解析(总分:32.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、匹配题(总题数:1,分数:10.00)Match the term with its definition.(10 points)a. an affixational process that forms a word with a meaning and/or category distinct from that of its basesb. the phenomenon that words having different meanin
7、gs have the same formc. making the two phones similar by “copying “a feature of a sequential phonemed. the word which is more general in meaninge. the phenomenon that the same one word may have more than one meaningf. the phenomenon that a sound is to be deleted although it is orthographically repre
8、sentedg. the consequence of, or the change brought about by the utterance(分数:10.00)(1).perlocutionary act(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:g)解析:解析:取效行为;ihe consequence of, or the change brought about by the utterance(2).polysemy(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:e)解析:解析:一词多义: the phenomenon that the same one word may have mor
9、e than one meaning(3).derivation(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:a)解析:解析:派生法:an affixational process that forms a word with a meaning and/or category distinct from that of its bases(4).assimilation rule(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:c)解析:解析:同化规则:making the two phones similar by “copying“ a feature of a sequential phoneme
10、(5).superordinate(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:d)解析:解析:上坐标词:the word which is more general in meaning二、名词解释(总题数:10,分数:20.00)1.Give a short definition to each of the following terms in English with an example.Sociolect(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Sociolect refers to the linguistic variety characteristic of a particul
11、ar social class. It is associated with separation caused by different social conditions. For example, people in the middle class might say “I did it yesterday“, but those in the lower class might say “I done it yesterday“, which has an obvious grammatical mistake.)解析:解析:(考查社会方言)2.conversational impl
12、icature(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Conversational implicature refers to the meaning indirectly implied when the conversational maxims are violated blatantly and both the speaker and the hearer are aware of the violation. For example, one says “ he is made of iron“ , which violates the maxim of quality sinc
13、e no human is made of iron. The hearer can understand the speaker“s meaning that the man has a character like iron.)解析:解析:(考查会话含义)3.endocentric construction(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:One construction whose distribution is functionally equivalent, or approaching equivalence, to one of its constituents. The
14、 typical English endocentric constructions are noun phrases and adjective phrases. For example, in the noun phrase “a pretty young lady“ , the head is the noun “lady“ which performs the same function with the noun phrase. The article “a“ and the two adjectives “pretty“ and “young“ are modifiers of t
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