【考研类试卷】2013年厦门大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析.doc

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1、2013年厦门大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.swing states（分数：2.00）_3.poetic justice（分数：2.00）_4.drone(军事用语)（分数：2.00）_5.to scale back headcounts（分数：2.00）_6.cheerleader（分数：2.00）_7.skopos theory（分数：2.00）_8.shopping spree（分数：2.00）_9.wailing wall（分数：2.00）_10.call to collect（

2、分数：2.00）_11.TEU（分数：2.00）_12.shale gas（分数：2.00）_13.plastic surgery（分数：2.00）_14.a storm in a teacup（分数：2.00）_15.windfall tax（分数：2.00）_16.quantitative easing（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.全面建成小康社会（分数：2.00）_19.安倍晋三（分数：2.00）_20.翘尾因素（分数：2.00）_21.中国围棋（分数：2.00）_骑楼_23.植入广告（分数：2.00）_24.逆回购（分数：2.00）_25.汽车单双号限行（分数：2.00）_2

3、6.乱穿马路（分数：2.00）_27.花旗银行（分数：2.00）_28.两“非”(非法鉴别性别和非法终止妊娠)（分数：2.00）_29.湄公河（分数：2.00）_30.松下电器（分数：2.00）_31.哈萨克斯坦（分数：2.00）_32.兵部尚书（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：8.00)33.英译汉_34.Wars throughout history have been waged for conquest and plunder. In the Middle Ages when the feudal lords who inhabited the castleswhos

4、e towers may still be seen along the Rhineconcluded to enlarge their domains, to increase their power, their prestige and their wealth they declared war upon one another. But they themselves did not go to war any more than the; modern feudal lords, the barons of Wall Street go to war.The feudal baro

5、ns of the Middle Ages, the economic predecessors of the capitalists of our day, declared all wars. And their miserable serfs fought all the battles. The poor, ignorant serfs had been taught to revere their masters; to believe that when their masters declared war upon one another, it was their patrio

6、tic duty to fall upon one another and to cut one another“s throats for the profit and glory of the lords and barons who held them in contempt. And that is war in a nutshell. The master class has always declared the wars; the subject class has always fought the battles. The master class has had all t

7、o gain and nothing to lose, while the subject class has had nothing to gain and all to loseespecially their lives.（分数：2.00）_35.The autumn air was as crisp as the fresh-out-of-the-dryer flannel sheets that my mother would always put on our beds when the weather got chilly. The familiar sounds of a re

8、feree“s whistle and cheering fans brought back memories of going to high school football games. My stomach started talking when I smelled the scent of the hot dogs cooking near by. “Can you believe we are doing this?“ my mother asked as her face reddened while the sun decreased and the wind picked u

9、p. “ No, I can“t,“ my father and I both said simultaneously. It seemed hardly impossible to fathom that we were sitting at my baby brother“s high school football game. Where had the past fourteen years gone?I was in the family room of my house with my older brother, Brian. We nicely were playing tog

10、ether with blocks. I was five at the time. “Brian, Julie, come into the living room, we want to talk to you!“ my dad said with excitement in his voice. It was then that I found out I was going to have a new brother or sister. My entire body lifted above the clouds and soared. I just loved babies. In

11、 the next couple of months, my life changed dramatically. We had to move out of our house and into a new neighborhood. This event was very specific in my life. Although I was so excited for a new sibling, I was extremely distraught about leaving my familiar home. It was almost as if I was a taut rop

12、e in a tug-of-war being pulled in both directions. “But Mom, the baby can sleep with me. “ I remember saying to my mother. Now that I look back on the situation, I realize that it was the “comfort and familiarity“ of my house that made me upset about leaving.（分数：2.00）_36.汉译英_37.由美国次贷危机而引发的金融风暴不断在全球蔓

13、延，世界经济面临衰退的风险，各种不确定因素对中国经济产生了不利的影响。面对瞬息万变的经济形势，我们的专家做出了权威的分析。本书分为综合预测篇、政策分析篇、财政金融篇、专题研究篇、台港澳经济篇及国际背景篇，从宏观及微观经济层面，运用定量与定性相结合的方法，对 2008年中国经济形势特别是面临当前全球性金融风暴可能出现的问题进行了深入的分析，并且提出了未来走势的预测与对策建议。专家预计 2008年中国经济依然可以达到 98左右的高增长率，这一增长速度与改革开放以来 30年年均增长速度相当。（分数：2.00）_38.厦门航空公司肩负着中国民航事业发展的责任和使命，以改革创新为动力，以服务社会为己任，

14、致力于打造公众最信赖，为社会提供最佳服务的航空公司，秉持“安全第一”的原则，真心诚意地对待顾客；厦航坚持以前瞻性的战略思维，精细化的科学管理手段，忠实履行指责的严谨工作作风，实现了职工、股东、顾客和社会满意的和谐共赢局面。无论外界环境如何变化，坚定不移地走可持续发展道路一直是厦航人不二的选择。厦航人相信，荣誉只是对昨天的纪念，而明天才是追求的目标。（分数：2.00）_2013年厦门大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.swing states（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：摇摆州(

15、美国大选中的特有说法)解析：3.poetic justice（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：善有善报，恶有恶报)解析：4.drone(军事用语)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：无人驾驶飞机)解析：5.to scale back headcounts（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：缩减人员)解析：6.cheerleader（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：拉拉队队员)解析：7.skopos theory（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：目的论)解析：8.shopping spree（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：疯狂购物)解析：9.wail

16、ing wall（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：(犹太人的)哭墙)解析：10.call to collect（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：对方付费的电话)解析：11.TEU（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际标准货柜单位(twenty-foot equivalent unit)解析：12.shale gas（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：页岩气)解析：13.plastic surgery（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：整形手术)解析：14.a storm in a teacup（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：小题大做)解析：15.w

17、indfall tax（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：暴利税)解析：16.quantitative easing（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：量化宽松)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.全面建成小康社会（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：to establish an all-around affluent society)解析：19.安倍晋三（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Shinzo Abe)解析：20.翘尾因素（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：carryover effects)解析：21.中国围棋（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Ch

18、inese Go)解析：骑楼_正确答案：(正确答案：sotto portico; arcade-house)解析：23.植入广告（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：product placement)解析：24.逆回购（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：reverse repurchase)解析：25.汽车单双号限行（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：even-odd license plate plan)解析：26.乱穿马路（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：jaywalking)解析：27.花旗银行（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Citibank)解析：2

19、8.两“非”(非法鉴别性别和非法终止妊娠)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Illegal fetal sex testing and sex-selective abortions)解析：29.湄公河（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Mekong River)解析：30.松下电器（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Panasonic Corporation)解析：31.哈萨克斯坦（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Kazakhstan)解析：32.兵部尚书（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：minister of war)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数

20、：8.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.Wars throughout history have been waged for conquest and plunder. In the Middle Ages when the feudal lords who inhabited the castleswhose towers may still be seen along the Rhineconcluded to enlarge their domains, to increase their power, their prestige and their wealth they decla

21、red war upon one another. But they themselves did not go to war any more than the; modern feudal lords, the barons of Wall Street go to war.The feudal barons of the Middle Ages, the economic predecessors of the capitalists of our day, declared all wars. And their miserable serfs fought all the battl

22、es. The poor, ignorant serfs had been taught to revere their masters; to believe that when their masters declared war upon one another, it was their patriotic duty to fall upon one another and to cut one another“s throats for the profit and glory of the lords and barons who held them in contempt. An

23、d that is war in a nutshell. The master class has always declared the wars; the subject class has always fought the battles. The master class has had all to gain and nothing to lose, while the subject class has had nothing to gain and all to loseespecially their lives.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 纵观历史，战争多是

24、为了侵略和掠夺。现在的莱茵河畔仍矗立着一些中世纪封建领主的塔楼。那时封建领主栖居于城堡，每当想要扩大领土、巩固权利、增加声望以及财富的时候，他们便接连挑起战争。但他们不像现代的封建领主，也就是华尔街的那些大亨们一样亲自作战。 中世纪的男爵，相当于现代资本家的前身，只负责宣战，而接下来的战争则由他们不幸的奴隶来承担。贫穷无知的奴隶被训诫要顺从他们的主人，在主人发动一场又一场战争时，相信为了主人的利益和荣耀，在战争中刺破敌人的咽喉是他们每个人忠诚的体现，而这些主人又恰恰视他们为蝼蚁。总之，这就是所谓的战争。上层阶级宣战而下层阶级赴战。上层阶级好处捞尽又毫发未伤而下层阶级毫无所得又命丧黄泉。)解析：

25、35.The autumn air was as crisp as the fresh-out-of-the-dryer flannel sheets that my mother would always put on our beds when the weather got chilly. The familiar sounds of a referee“s whistle and cheering fans brought back memories of going to high school football games. My stomach started talking w

26、hen I smelled the scent of the hot dogs cooking near by. “Can you believe we are doing this?“ my mother asked as her face reddened while the sun decreased and the wind picked up. “ No, I can“t,“ my father and I both said simultaneously. It seemed hardly impossible to fathom that we were sitting at m

27、y baby brother“s high school football game. Where had the past fourteen years gone?I was in the family room of my house with my older brother, Brian. We nicely were playing together with blocks. I was five at the time. “Brian, Julie, come into the living room, we want to talk to you!“ my dad said wi

28、th excitement in his voice. It was then that I found out I was going to have a new brother or sister. My entire body lifted above the clouds and soared. I just loved babies. In the next couple of months, my life changed dramatically. We had to move out of our house and into a new neighborhood. This event was very specific in my life. Although I was so excited for a new sibling, I was extremely distraught about leaving my familiar home. It was almost as if I was a taut rope in a