【学历类职业资格】语言与文化自考题-1及答案解析.doc

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1、语言与文化自考题-1 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.Intercultural communication is _ in nature.A. an applied discipline B. a subject of theoriesC. a subject of concepts D. a subject of statements（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The following words are pejorative in meaning in English EXCEPT _.A. old B. dogC. comrade D. peasa

2、nt（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Thematic meaning is represented by the _ of a word in a sentence.A. structure B. part of speechC. formation D. position（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.“He graduated from English Department, Beijing University. “ illustrates the fact that English differs from Chinese in _.A. branching sentenc

3、e patterns B. paratactic relationsC. word order D. number and case（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.If an English speaker refuses the compliment which merely comes out of politeness, he may say “_“.A. Do you really think so? B. Oh, I wish it could be true.C. Oh, you are too polite. D. No, I dont think so.（分数：1.00）

4、A.B.C.D.6._ is a religious name.A. Flora B. OscarC. Joseph D. Arthur（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.“_“ is always at the tip of tongue when a Chinese is praised.A. 哪里 B. 谢谢C. 请指教 D. 您真好（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.English is the language which _.A. demonstrates more hypotactic relations than Chinese doesB. demonstrates mo

5、re paratactic relations than Chinese doesC. demonstrates only hypotactic relationsD. only relies on conjunctions for sentence construction（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Which of the following words is a coinage, which is often used in the advertisements or brand names?A. Homely. B. Package.C. Smoothness. D. Hom

6、eoffice.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The proverb “God help those who help themselves. “ is related to _.A. Christianity B. literary worksC. geography D. navigation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.“Brown paper“ corresponds to “_“.A. 棕色纸 B. 秘密文件C. 揭露社会黑暗的报纸 D. 牛皮纸（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The English equivalent for “空袭紧急警报“ is “

7、_“.A. blue alert B. white alertC. red alert D. black alert（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.In English culture “green“ is often associated with _.A. light B. an old ageC. jealousy D. failure（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.In business English, “_“ has a good meaning: running a business profitably.A. in the red B. in the blueC

8、. in the black D. in the white（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15._ may be used by racists to refer to Jews.A. Japs B. DagosC. Polacks D. Kikes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.In the English letter of invitation the one who sends out the invitation appears _ of the letter.A. at the very beginning B. at the endC. at the bottom D

9、. in the middle（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.“John does well in school. Furthermore, he takes an active part in the social work. “ The logical relationship between the sentences is _.A. additive B. adversativeC. causal D. temporal（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.The word in British English for “电车“ is _.A. motor car B. en

10、gineC. tram D. tube（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.English speakers think highly of originality and novelty. As a result, we can find many _ in English advertising.A. hyperboles B. homophonesC. puns D. coinages（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.If a Chinese pats lightly his own stomach by one or both open hands after a meal,

11、he means “_“.A. Im full B. Im hungryC. Come here D. Thank you（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.An American professor has prepared a letter of recommendation for his student, and his student is expected to say “_“.A. Thank you very muchB. I feel so sorry that it has taken you so much timeC. I feel so sorry that it

12、 has caused you so much troubleD. I really appreciate your help（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.The proverbs “_“ are related to navigation.A. It is a hard sailing when there is no wind.B. Rats desert a sinking ship.C. Any port in a storm.D. Bacchus hath drowned more men than Neptune.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.The prove

13、rb “Life is but a walking shadow. “ is derived from _.A. Christianity and the Bible B. great English literary worksC. Shakespeares works D. English tradition and system（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.The idiom “to ride ones high horse“ means “_“.A. to be haughty B. to be energeticC. to be proud D. to be ludicro

14、us（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.“黄色电影“ can be translated into _.A. obscene film B. blue filmC. yellow film D. pornographic film（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.Nowadays a gardener should NOT be referred to as a _.A. sanitation engineer B. beauticianC. landscape architect D. mortician（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.The Chinese term of

15、 humility “拙作“ can be translated into “_“.A. my book B. my paintingC. my thesis D. my literary work（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.Which of the following brand names are named after their designers or manufacturers?A. Chanel. B. Salem.C. Rolex. D. Ford.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.American English has _.A. New England d

16、ialect B. Southern dialectC. London dialect D. New York dialect（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.When English speakers part, they usually say “_“.A. Stay here, please B. So longC. See you later D. Good-bye（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.31.Since language represents thought, it is influenced and 1 by thought.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_32.T

17、he equivalent of “busywork“ in Chinese is 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_33.It is often said that English is a language with 1 grammar and Chinese a language with implicit grammar.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_34.High school means 1 school.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_35.In business English, “in the 1“ is equivalent to running a business

18、profitably.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_36.Which of the words in the sentence “There are too many facts here for me to digest them all. “ is a metaphor? 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_37.The English expression equivalent to “拜访“ is “ 1“.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_38.The English idiom “ 1“ is an equivalent for “平淡如水“ in Chinese.（分数：2.00

19、）填空项 1:_39.It is safe to say that Chinese advertising as a whole tends to be more 1 than English advertising.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_40. 1 territory refers to the space that exclusively belongs to its owner.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_41.How do you understand the English compound “free love“ ?（分数：3.00）_42.What is conno

20、tative meaning?（分数：3.00）_43.What is the difference between “similes“ and “metaphors“ ?（分数：3.00）_44.How is nonverbal communication related to culture?（分数：3.00）_45.He breathed his last during the night.（分数：3.00）_46.England is the ringing island.（分数：3.00）_47.Tell money after your own father.（分数：3.00）_4

21、8.黑市（分数：3.00）_49.伟人并非事事聪明。（分数：3.00）_50.与国王同姓的不都是皇亲。（分数：3.00）_51.What cross-cultural differences can you find between English and Chinese thanks?（分数：10.00）_52.Why there are differences in spelling between American English and British English?（分数：10.00）_语言与文化自考题-1 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.Intercult

22、ural communication is _ in nature.A. an applied discipline B. a subject of theoriesC. a subject of concepts D. a subject of statements（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：本题主要考查对跨文化交际学的了解。跨文化交际学是交际学的一个分支，为那些经常从事跨文化交际的人们提供指导。从本质上来说，它是一门应用性学科(applied discipline)，尽管它已经积累了跨文化交际的相当多的理论和观念。2.The following words are pejor

23、ative in meaning in English EXCEPT _.A. old B. dogC. comrade D. peasant（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：本题主要考查了英语和汉语中表示相同概念意义却表达不同内涵意义的词。在英语文化中，old 常和“传统”、“衰老”、“无用”等相联系；peasant 可指社会地位低、受教育水平差、没教养的人；comrade 常使人联想起前苏联克格勃的特工人员；dog 是一种宠物，被认为是家庭的一位成员。因此，在英语文化中 A、C、D 项带有贬义色彩，只有 B项带有褒义3.Thematic meaning is represented

24、 by the _ of a word in a sentence.A. structure B. part of speechC. formation D. position（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：查对主题意义的了解。主题意义是指说话人或写作人在语言交际时组织安排信息的不同方式：顺序、中心或重点。主题意义是由词语在分句或句子中的位置来表示的。4.“He graduated from English Department, Beijing University. “ illustrates the fact that English differs from Chinese

25、in _.A. branching sentence patterns B. paratactic relationsC. word order D. number and case（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：主要考查英语和汉语在语序上的差异。讲英语的人在写地址时，先写小地方，再写大地方，讲汉语的人则是先写大地方，再写小地方。5.If an English speaker refuses the compliment which merely comes out of politeness, he may say “_“.A. Do you really think so? B.

26、 Oh, I wish it could be true.C. Oh, you are too polite. D. No, I dont think so.（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：本题主要考查英语民族对赞语的应答。如果一个讲英语的人感觉对方的赞语只是出于礼貌，他就可能否认。这时他可以说“Oh, I wish it could be true.”人们在应答赞语时，实际上是要在寻求一致和保持谦虚之间做出选择。6._ is a religious name.A. Flora B. OscarC. Joseph D. Arthur（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：主要考查英

27、语中与宗教有关的姓名。宗教名字与基督教有关，大部分中国人不大清楚。这些名字使我们想起西方的生活方式与基督教的密切联系，例如：Joseph(上帝赐我一个儿子)。7.“_“ is always at the tip of tongue when a Chinese is praised.A. 哪里 B. 谢谢C. 请指教 D. 您真好（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：本题主要考查中国人对赞语的应答。在英语文化中，只要赞语不是明显地不符合实际，人们在应答赞语时往往会说“Thank you”。而中国人在应答赞语时经常会说“哪里”。8.English is the language which

28、_.A. demonstrates more hypotactic relations than Chinese doesB. demonstrates more paratactic relations than Chinese doesC. demonstrates only hypotactic relationsD. only relies on conjunctions for sentence construction（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：主要考查对形合关系和意合关系的了解。一般说来，英语是形合连接的语言，汉语是意合连接的语言。就句子而言，形合连接是指通过连接词

29、把句子成分连接起来；意合连接是指通过并列、标点、语调等手段使句子成分在意义上连接起来，而非通过使用连接词。英语中形合关系比汉语中多得多。9.Which of the following words is a coinage, which is often used in the advertisements or brand names?A. Homely. B. Package.C. Smoothness. D. Homeoffice.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：本题主要考查新造词的用法。新造词(coinage)不仅用于品牌名称，也用于广告中。西方人喜欢新奇，崇尚独创性和想象力

30、，因此在英语广告中有许多创造出来的词。如“homeoffice”是一个新造词，指便于携带式苹果计算机。10.The proverb “God help those who help themselves. “ is related to _.A. Christianity B. literary worksC. geography D. navigation（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：主要考查英语谚语的来源。宗教是谚语的重要来源之一。包括讲英语的民族在内的西方国家的主要宗教是基督教。Cod help those who help themselves意为“自助者天助之”，就是和基

31、督教有关系的许多英语谚语之一。11.“Brown paper“ corresponds to “_“.A. 棕色纸 B. 秘密文件C. 揭露社会黑暗的报纸 D. 牛皮纸（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：本题主要考查颜色词的翻译。英汉互译时并不是所有的颜色词都可以用另一种语言中的对应颜色词来表示。brown paper 对应的中文意思是“牛皮纸”。12.The English equivalent for “空袭紧急警报“ is “_“.A. blue alert B. white alertC. red alert D. black alert（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：

32、本题主要考查颜色词的翻译。在英语中，red alert 是“空袭紧急警报”的意思。13.In English culture “green“ is often associated with _.A. light B. an old ageC. jealousy D. failure（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：本题主要考查英语中颜色词的联想意义。在英语中，绿色常与嫉妒有关。除此之外，绿色也用来指没有经验、缺乏训练或知识浅薄。14.In business English, “_“ has a good meaning: running a business profitably.A

33、. in the red B. in the blueC. in the black D. in the white（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：本题主要考查英语中颜色词的联想意义。在英语和汉语中，黑色常与不好的事物相联系。有趣的是，在商务英语中，in the black 却指好事，表示“盈利”。15._ may be used by racists to refer to Jews.A. Japs B. DagosC. Polacks D. Kikes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：主要考查对社会群体或少数民族群体的禁忌语。在美国，非洲裔美国人并不是唯一受到歧视的群体，

34、其他的一些人种或少数民族集团也有类似的歧视性称呼。比如：Japs 指日本人；Dagos 指西班牙人或意大利人或其后裔；Polacks 指波兰人或其后裔；Kikes指犹太人。16.In the English letter of invitation the one who sends out the invitation appears _ of the letter.A. at the very beginning B. at the endC. at the bottom D. in the middle（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：本题主要考查英语邀请函的语篇结构。英语邀请函

35、的格式具有精心设计的对称效果。英语邀请函把邀请人置于书信的开头，而被邀请人跟在其后。体现“邀请”意义的词语作为邀请函中最为重要的部分，在英文中出现得早。17.“John does well in school. Furthermore, he takes an active part in the social work. “ The logical relationship between the sentences is _.A. additive B. adversativeC. causal D. temporal（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：本题主要考查毗邻的两个句子之间

36、的关系。附加关系(additive relations)指后一句子对前一句子添加补充信息。能够表示附加关系的语篇连接词有and，either，further，or，in the same way，by contrast，and also，in addition，besides，for instance，namely，on the other hand 等。18.The word in British English for “电车“ is _.A. motor car B. engineC. tram D. tube（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：主要考查英国英语和美国英语在词汇上的

37、差别。在美国英语中，电车是 street car，在英国英语中，电车是 tram。19.English speakers think highly of originality and novelty. As a result, we can find many _ in English advertising.A. hyperboles B. homophonesC. puns D. coinages（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：本题主要考查英语广告的特点。英语广告中很多商标名称是新发明的词或新造的词，在英语文化中，新奇的事物普遍受人关注。所以，人们能在广告中发现很多新造的词。h

38、yperboles“夸张词语”；homophones“同音异义词”；puns“双关语”；coinages“新创的词语”。20.If a Chinese pats lightly his own stomach by one or both open hands after a meal, he means “_“.A. Im full B. Im hungryC. Come here D. Thank you（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：本题主要考查对标志类手势的理解。标志类手势是有目的的行为，它们所表示的意义是社会成员的共识。饭后表示“我吃饱了”，中国人会用手轻轻地在肚子上拍几下

39、。21.An American professor has prepared a letter of recommendation for his student, and his student is expected to say “_“.A. Thank you very muchB. I feel so sorry that it has taken you so much timeC. I feel so sorry that it has caused you so much troubleD. I really appreciate your help（分数：1.00）A. B.

40、C.D. 解析：主要考查英文里的致谢用语。英语中最常用的致谢用语有 Thank you very much, I really appreciate your help等。22.The proverbs “_“ are related to navigation.A. It is a hard sailing when there is no wind.B. Rats desert a sinking ship.C. Any port in a storm.D. Bacchus hath drowned more men than Neptune.（分数：1.00）A. B. C. D.解析：

41、本题主要考查与航海有关的英语谚语。A项对应的中文意思是“风平浪静，艰难航程”；B 项对应的中文意思是“船沉鼠要逃”；C 项对应的中文意思是“船在暴风雨中不择港口”；D 项对应的中文意思是“酒比海淹死的人多”。因此，A、B、C 项是与航海有关的谚语。23.The proverb “Life is but a walking shadow. “ is derived from _.A. Christianity and the Bible B. great English literary worksC. Shakespeares works D. English tradition and sy

42、stem（分数：1.00）A.B. C. D.解析：本题主要考查英语谚语的来源。Life is but a walking shadow(人生不过是移动的影子)是源于莎士比亚的戏剧。莎士比亚的戏剧属于文学作品。24.The idiom “to ride ones high horse“ means “_“.A. to be haughty B. to be energeticC. to be proud D. to be ludicrous（分数：1.00）A. B.C. D.解析：本题主要考查对有关言谈举止的英语成语的了解。to ride ones high horse意为“趾高气扬的，骄傲

43、的，自豪的”。to be haughty“傲慢的”；to be energetic“精力充沛的”；to be proud“骄傲的”；to be ludicrous“荒唐可笑的”。25.“黄色电影“ can be translated into _.A. obscene film B. blue filmC. yellow film D. pornographic film（分数：1.00）A. B. C.D. 解析：本题主要考查颜色词的翻译。在英语中，并不用 yellow film来表示“黄色电影”。obscene film，blue film，porno-graphic film都可指含有淫

44、秽内容，暗示或描述性行为的电影，相当于汉语中的“黄色电影”。26.Nowadays a gardener should NOT be referred to as a _.A. sanitation engineer B. beauticianC. landscape architect D. mortician（分数：1.00）A. B. C.D. 解析：主要考查委婉语的用法。gardener(花匠)的委婉语是 landscape architect(园艺师)。27.The Chinese term of humility “拙作“ can be translated into “_“.A. my book B. my paintingC. my thesis D. my literary work（分数：1.00）A. B. C. D. 解析：本题主要考查谦词的翻译。谦词用来表达说话人的谦恭。“拙作”并不是指质量很差的作品，而是作者对自己作品所用的谦词，“拙作”就是“作品”的意思。28.Which of the following brand names are named after their designers or manufacturer