CISPR TR 18-2-2010 Radio interference characteristics of overhead power lines and high-voltage equipment - Part 2 Methods of measurement and procedure for deter.pdf

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1、 TR CISPR 18-2Edition 2.0 2010-06TECHNICAL REPORT Radio interference characteristics of overhead power lines and high-voltage equipment Part 2: Methods of measurement and procedure for determining limits TRCISPR 18-2:2010(E)INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE THIS PUBLICATION IS CO

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9、11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 TR CISPR 18-2Edition 2.0 2010-06TECHNICAL REPORT Radio interference characteristics of overhead power lines and high-voltage equipment Part 2: Methods of measurement and procedure for determining limits INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION XBICS 33.100.01 PRICE CODEISBN

10、 978-2-88912-017-8INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission 2 TR CISPR 18-2 IEC:2010(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD.6 INTRODUCTION.8 1 Scope.10 2 Normative references .10 3 Terms and definitions .11 4 Measurements11 4.1 Measurin

11、g instruments 11 4.1.1 Response of a standard quasi-peak CISPR measuring receiver to a.c. generated corona noise .11 4.1.2 Other measuring instruments.12 4.2 On-site measurements on HV overhead power lines12 4.2.1 General .12 4.2.2 Measurements in the frequency range from 0,15 MHz to 30 MHz.12 4.2.3

12、 Measurements in the frequency range from 30 MHz to 300 MHz14 4.3 Statistical evaluation of the radio noise level of a line15 4.4 Additional information to be given in the report16 4.5 Measurements on HV equipment in the laboratory.16 4.5.1 Overview .16 4.5.2 State of the test object.17 4.5.3 Test a

13、rea.17 4.5.4 Atmospheric conditions18 4.5.5 Test circuit Basic diagram.18 4.5.6 Practical arrangement of the test circuit.18 4.5.7 Test circuit components.19 4.5.8 Measuring receiver connections 19 4.5.9 Mounting and arrangement of test object .21 4.5.10 Measurement frequency 21 4.5.11 Checking of t

14、he test circuit 21 4.5.12 Calibration of the test circuit 21 4.5.13 Test procedure 22 4.5.14 Related observations during the test23 4.5.15 Data to be given in test report .23 5 Methods for derivation of limits for HV power systems24 5.1 Overview .24 5.2 Significance of CISPR limits for power lines 2

15、4 5.3 Technical considerations for derivation of limits for lines .25 5.3.1 Basic approach25 5.3.2 Scope25 5.3.3 Minimum broadcast signal levels to be protected.26 5.3.4 Required signal-to-noise ratio27 5.3.5 Use of data on radio noise compiled during measurements in the field .28 5.3.6 Use of data

16、obtained by prediction of the radio noise from high-voltage overhead power lines 29 5.4 Methods of determining compliance of measured data with limits 30 5.4.1 Long-term recording 30 5.4.2 Sampling method.31 TR CISPR 18-2 IEC:2010(E) 3 5.4.3 Survey methods.31 5.4.4 Alternative criteria for an accept

17、able noise level 31 5.5 Examples for derivation of limits in the frequency range below 30 MHz .32 5.5.1 Radio reception .32 5.5.2 Television reception, 47 MHz to 230 MHz33 5.6 Additional remarks 34 5.7 Technical considerations for derivation of limits for line equipment and HVAC substations .34 5.7.

18、1 General .34 5.7.2 Current injected by line components and hardware35 5.7.3 Current injected by substation equipment 35 5.7.4 Practical derivation of limits in the l.f. and m.f. band 35 6 Methods for derivation of limits for the radio noise produced by insulator sets .37 6.1 General considerations3

19、7 6.2 Insulator types.37 6.3 Influence of insulator surface conditions38 6.3.1 General .38 6.3.2 Clean insulators 38 6.3.3 Slightly polluted insulators.38 6.3.4 Polluted insulators.39 6.4 Criteria for setting up radio noise limits for insulators 39 6.4.1 General .39 6.4.2 Criterion for insulators to

20、 be installed in type A areas 40 6.4.3 Criterion for insulators to be installed in type B areas 40 6.4.4 Criterion for insulators to be installed in type C areas40 6.5 Recommendations.40 7 Methods for derivation of limits for the radio noise due to HVDC converter stations and similar installations 4

21、2 7.1 General considerations42 7.2 Sources of interference .43 7.2.1 Mechanism of radio noise generation 43 7.2.2 Influence of station design on radio interference43 7.3 Radiated fields from valve halls.44 7.3.1 Frequency spectra.44 7.3.2 Lateral attenuation.44 7.3.3 Reduction of the radio interfere

22、nce due to direct radiation from the valve hall.44 7.4 Conducted interference along the transmission lines .45 7.4.1 Description of the mechanism and typical longitudinal profiles.45 7.4.2 Reduction of the interference conducted along the transmission lines45 7.5 General criteria for stating limits4

23、6 7.5.1 Overview .46 7.5.2 Direct radiation46 7.5.3 Propagation along the lines .46 8 Figures.48 Annex A (informative) Radio interference measuring apparatus differing from the CISPR basic standard instruments62 Annex B (normative) List of additional information to be included in the report on the r

24、esults of measurements on operational lines .63 4 TR CISPR 18-2 IEC:2010(E) Annex C (informative) Minimum broadcast signal levels to be protected ITU recommendations .64 Annex D (informative) Minimum broadcast signals to be protected North American standards65 Annex E (informative) Required signal-t

25、o-noise ratios for satisfactory reception.66 Annex F (informative) Derivation of the formula for the protected distance.69 Bibliography70 Figure 1 Transformation of pulses through a CISPR measuring receiver 48 Figure 2 Bursts of corona pulses generated by alternating voltage.49 Figure 3 Example of e

26、xtrapolation to determine the radio noise field strength reference level of a power line, here at the direct reference distance of 20 m .49 Figure 4 Basic test circuit.50 Figure 5 Standard test circuit .50 Figure 6 Connection to the measuring receiver by a coaxial cable .51 Figure 7 Connection to th

27、e measuring receiver by a balanced cable 51 Figure 8 Special test circuit51 Figure 9 Arrangement for calibration of the standard test circuit.52 Figure 10 Map showing boundaries of zones A, B, and C in regions 1 and 353 Figure 11 Illustration of the four basic parameters for a power transmission lin

28、e 54 Figure 12 Example of typical statistical yearly “all-weather“ distributions of the radio-noise levels of a bipolar direct current line (-) and for an alternating current line in a moderate climate (- - -) .55 Figure 13 Example of radio noise voltage level V, as a function of the relative air hu

29、midity R.H., in clean conditions and slightly polluted conditions, of a standard insulator (-) and a particular type of “low noise“ insulator (- - -) .56 Figure 14 Example of frequency spectra of pulses with different rise times, simulating commutation phenomena in mercury valves and in thyristor va

30、lves.56 Figure 15 Example of frequency spectra of the radio interference recorded outside the hall of a mercury arc valve converter station with and without toroidal filters .57 Figure 16 Example of frequency spectra of the radio interference recorded outside the hall of a thyristor valve converter

31、station for different operating conditions57 Figure 17 Attenuation of the field strength as a function of the distance on a horizontal plane, for different frequencies .58 Figure 18 Example of frequency spectrum of the radio interference in the vicinity of a d.c. line (30 m) at a short distance from

32、 the converter station 59 Figure 19 Example of frequency spectrum of the radio interference in the vicinity of an a.c. line (20 m) at a short distance from the converter station 60 Figure 20 Frequency spectra of radio interference at 20 m from the electrode line at 1,5 km from the Gotland HVDC link

33、in Sweden with mercury arc groups or thyristor groups in operation.60 Figure 21 Frequency spectra of radio interference at 20 m from the electrode line at 1,5 km and 4,5 km from the Gotland HVDC link in Sweden with mercury arc groups in operation 61 Figure 22 Frequency spectra of the radio interfere

34、nce recorded along a 200 kV d.c. line, at 20 m from the conductor, at different distances from the converter station 61 Table 1 Number of n sets of measurement of the radio noise level and corresponding values for factor k 16 TR CISPR 18-2 IEC:2010(E) 5 Table 2 Minimum usable broadcast signal field

35、strengths in the v.h.f bands according to CCIR 27 Table 3 Recommendations for the radio noise voltage limits and for the test methods for insulator sets installed in different areas42 Table C.1 Minimum field strength.64 Table C.2 Nominal usable field strength.64 Table D.1 Signal levels at the edge o

36、f the service area in North America.65 Table E.1 Summary of signal-to-noise ratios for corona from a.c. lines (Signal measured with average detector, noise measured with quasi-peak detector).66 Table E.2 Quality of radio reception or degree of annoyance due to RFI 67 6 TR CISPR 18-2 IEC:2010(E) INTE

37、RNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE _ RADIO INTERFERENCE CHARACTERISTICS OF OVERHEAD POWER LINES AND HIGH-VOLTAGE EQUIPMENT Part 2: Methods of measurement and procedure for determining limits FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commi

38、ssion (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and i

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48、n may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collec

49、ted data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for example “state of the art“. CISPR 18-2, which is a technical report, has been prepared by CISPR subcommittee B: Interference relating to industrial, scientific and medical radio-frequency apparatus, to other (heavy) industrial equipment, to overhead power lines, to high voltage equipment and to electric traction. This second edition cancels and repla