ISO TR 18792-2008 Lubrication of industrial gear drives《工业齿轮传动装置的润滑油》.pdf
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1、 Reference number ISO/TR 18792:2008(E) ISO 2008TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 18792 First edition 2008-12-15 Lubrication of industrial gear drives Lubrification des entranements par engrenages industriels ISO/TR 18792:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with A
2、dobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing poli
3、cy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every c
4、are has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified,
5、no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case pos
6、tale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedISO/TR 18792:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword. v Introduction . vi 1 Scope . 1 2 Terms and definitions.
7、 1 3 Basics of gear lubrication and failure modes3 3.1 Tribo-technical parameters of gears. 3 3.2 Gear lubricants 5 3.3 Base fluid components 6 3.4 Thickeners . 8 3.5 Chemical properties of additives 9 3.6 Solid lubricants . 10 3.7 Friction and temperature . 10 3.8 Lubricating regime 11 3.9 Lubrican
8、t influence on gear failure. 11 4 Test methods for lubricants 15 4.1 Gear tests 15 4.2 Other functional tests. 16 5 Lubricant viscosity selection 19 5.1 Guideline for lubricant selection for parallel and bevel gears (not hypoid). 19 5.2 Guideline for lubricant selection for worm gears 24 5.3 Guideli
9、ne for lubricant selection for open girth gears 24 6 Lubrication principles for gear units 26 6.1 Enclosed gear units 27 6.2 Open gearing. 34 7 Gearbox service information . 39 7.1 Initial lubricant fill and initial lubricant change period . 39 7.2 Subsequent lubricant change interval 39 7.3 Recomme
10、ndations for best practice for lubricant changes. 40 7.4 Used gear lubricant sample analysis 41 Bibliography . 52 Figures Figure 1 Load and speed distribution along the path of contact. 4 Figure 2 Scraping edge at the ingoing mesh . 5 Figure 3 Schematic diagram of shear effects on thickeners 9 Figur
11、e 4 Mechanisms of surface protection for oils with additives. 11 Figure 5 Examples of gear oil wear test results. 15 Figure 6 Immersion of gear wheels . 27 Figure 7 Immersion depth for different inclinations of the gearbox 29 Figure 8 Immersion of gear wheels in a multistage gearbox . 30 Figure 9 Ex
12、amples of circuit design, combination of filtration and cooling systems . 34 Figure 10 Immersion lubrication 37 ISO/TR 18792:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedFigure 11 Transfer lubrication 37 Figure 12 Circulation lubrication . 38 Figure 13 Automatic spraying lubrication 38 Tables Table 1 Symb
13、ols, indices and units. 1 Table 1 (continued) 2 Table 2 General characteristics of base fluids. 6 Table 3 Example of influence factors on wear . 12 Table 4 Example of influence factors on scuffing load (transmittable torque). 13 Table 5 Example of influence factors on micropitting (transmittable tor
14、que) 14 Table 6 Example of influence factors on pitting (transmittable torque) 14 Table 7 ISO Viscosity grade 1)at bulk oil operating temperature for oils having a viscosity index of 90 2) . 20 Table 8 ISO Viscosity grade 1)at bulk oil operating temperature for oils having a viscosity index of 120 2
15、) . 21 Table 9 ISO Viscosity grade 1)at bulk oil operating temperature for oils having a viscosity index of 160 2) . 22 Table 10 ISO Viscosity grade 1)at bulk oil operating temperature for oils having a viscosity index of 240 2) . 23 Table 11 ISO viscosity grade guidelines for enclosed cylindrical w
16、orm gear drives 24 Table 12 Advantages and disadvantages of various open girth gears lubricants . 25 Table 13 Minimum Viscosity recommendation for continuous lubrication mm 2 /s at 40 C 26 Table 14 Minimum base oil viscosity recommendation for intermittent lubrication mm 2 /s at 40 C 26 Table 15 Typ
17、ical maximum oil flow velocities 33 Table 16 Advantages and disadvantages of greases 35 Table 17 Advantages and disadvantages of oils 35 Table 18 Advantages and disadvantages of lubricating compounds 36 Table 19 Lubrication system selection based on pitch line velocity . 39 Table 20 Lubrication syst
18、em selection based on the type of lubricant. 39 Table 21 Typical recommended lubricant service . 40 Table 22 Examples for an on-line oil condition-monitoring system 40 Table 23 Sources of metallic elements . 47 Table 24 What the ISO codes mean. 49 Table 25 Example of particle size and counts 49 Tabl
19、e 26 Characteristics of particles. 51 ISO/TR 18792:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
20、 through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO col
21、laborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International S
22、tandards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has co
23、llected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide by a simple majority vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely informative in nature and does not
24、 have to be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no longer valid or useful. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/T
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