ISO 13006-2012 Ceramic tiles - Definitions classification characteristics and marking《陶瓷砖 定义、分类、特性和标志》.pdf

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1、 ISO 2012 Ceramic tiles Definitions, classification, characteristics and marking Carreaux et dalles cramiques Dfinitions, classification, caractristiques et marquage INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13006 Second edition 2012-03-01 Reference number ISO 13006:2012(E) ISO 13006:2012(E) ii ISO 2012 All rights

2、 reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the

3、 address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO 13006:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Fo

4、reword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions . 2 4 Classification 4 4.1 Basis of classification 4 4.2 Methods of manufacture . 4 4.3 Water absorption according to group 4 5 Characteristics . 5 6 Sampling and basis for acceptance . 5 7 Requirements . 5 8 Marking and specific

5、ations . 5 8.1 Marking . 5 8.2 Product literature . 5 8.3 Specifications . 5 9 Ordering . 6 Annex A (normative) Extruded ceramic tiles with low water absorption 0,5 10 % Group AIII .25 Annex G (normative) Dry-pressed ceramic tiles with low water absorption E b 0,5 % Group BI a28 Annex H (normative)

6、Dry-pressed ceramic tiles with low water absorption 0,5 % 10 % Group BIII .41 Annex M (normative) Extruded ceramic tiles with low water absorption E b 0,5 % Group AI a44 Annex N (informative) Classification of glazed tiles for floors according to their abrasion resistance .47 Annex O (informative) 4

7、8 Annex P (informative) Test methods .49 Annex Q (informative) 50 Annex R (informative) Symbols recommended for use .51 Bibliography .52 ISO 13006:2012(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The

8、 work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-gove

9、rnmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. T

10、he main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vot

11、e. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 13006 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 189, Ceramic tile. This second edition cancel

12、s and replaces the first edition (ISO 13006:1998), which has been technically revised. iv ISO 2012 All rights reserved INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13006:2012(E) Ceramic tiles Definitions, classification, characteristics and marking 1 Scope This International Standard defines terms and establishes cla

13、ssifications, characteristics and marking requirements for ceramic tiles of the best commercial quality (first quality). This International Standard is not applicable to tiles made by other than normal processes of extrusion or dry pressing. It is not applicable to decorative accessories or trim suc

14、h as edges, corners, skirting, capping, coves, beads, steps, curved tiles and other accessory pieces or mosaics (i.e. any piece that can fit into an area of 49 cm 2 ). NOTE ISO 10545 (all parts) describes the test procedures required to determine the product characteristics listed in this Internatio

15、nal Standard. ISO 10545 is divided into 16 parts, each describing a specific test procedure or related matter. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated reference

16、s, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 1006, Building construction Modular coordination Basic module ISO 10545-1, Ceramic tiles Part 1: Sampling and basis for acceptance ISO 10545-2, Ceramic tiles Part 2: Determination of dimensions and surface quali

17、ty ISO 10545-3, Ceramic tiles Part 3: Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative density and bulk density ISO 10545-4, Ceramic tiles Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength ISO 10545-5, Ceramic tiles Part 5: Determination of impact resistance by

18、 measurement of coefficient of restitution ISO 10545-6, Ceramic tiles Part 6: Determination of resistance to deep abrasion for unglazed tiles ISO 10545-7, Ceramic tiles Part 7: Determination of resistance to surface abrasion for glazed tiles ISO 10545-8, Ceramic tiles Part 8: Determination of linear

19、 thermal expansion ISO 10545-9, Ceramic tiles Part 9: Determination of resistance to thermal shock ISO 10545-10, Ceramic tiles Part 10: Determination of moisture expansion ISO 10545-11, Ceramic tiles Part 11: Determination of crazing resistance for glazed tiles ISO 10545-12, Ceramic tiles Part 12: D

20、etermination of frost resistance ISO 10545-13, Ceramic tiles Part 13: Determination of chemical resistance ISO 10545-14, Ceramic tiles Part 14: Determination of resistance to stains ISO 10545-15, Ceramic tiles Part 15: Determination of lead and cadmium given off by glazed tiles ISO 10545-16, Ceramic

21、 tiles Part 16: Determination of small colour differences ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1 ISO 13006:2012(E) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1006 and the following apply. 3.1 ceramic tile thin slab made from clays and/or other inorganic

22、 raw materials, generally used as covering for floors and walls, usually shaped by extruding (A) or pressing (B) at room temperature, but may be formed by other processes (C), then dried and subsequently fired at temperatures sufficient to develop the required properties NOTE Tiles may be glazed (GL

23、) or unglazed (UGL); they are incombustible and are not affected by light. 3.2 porcelain tile fully vitrified tile with water absorption coefficient less than or equal to a mass fraction of 0,5 %, belonging to groups AI aand BI a 3.3 glaze vitrified covering that is impermeable 3.4 engobed surface c

24、lay-based covering with a matt finish which may be permeable or impermeable NOTE A tile with an engobed surface is regarded as an unglazed tile. 3.5 polished surface surface of glazed and unglazed tile which has been given a glossy finish by mechanical polishing as the last stage of manufacture 3.6

25、extruded tile tile, whose body is shaped in the plastic state in an extruder, the column obtained being cut into tiles of pre- determined dimension, and which is designated as Group A NOTE 1 This International Standard classifies extruded tiles as “precision” or “natural”. The classification is depe

26、ndent upon the different technical characteristics as listed in the individual product standards. NOTE 2 Traditional terms used for extruded products are “split tiles” and “quarry tiles”. They commonly indicate double- extruded and single-extruded tiles, respectively. The term “quarry tiles” only re

27、fers to extruded tiles with a water absorption coefficient of a mass fraction not exceeding 6 %. 3.7 dry-pressed tile tile, formed from a finely milled body mixture and shaped in moulds at high pressure, and which is designated as Group B 3.8 water absorption E b percentage of water impregnating a t

28、ile, measured in accordance with ISO 10545-3 NOTE Water absorption is expressed as a mass fraction of dry mass. 3.9 Sizes NOTE The sizes are only defined for rectangular tiles. If the sizes of non-rectangular tiles are required, they are defined by the smallest rectangle into which they fit. 2 ISO 2

29、012 All rights reserved ISO 13006:2012(E) 3.9.1 nominal size size used to describe the product See Figures 1 and 2. 3.9.2 work size size of a tile specified for manufacturing to which the actual size shall conform within specified permissible deviations See Figures 1 and 2. 3.9.3 actual size size ob

30、tained by measuring the face of a tile in accordance with ISO 10545-2 See Figures 1 and 2. 3.9.4 coordinating size work size plus the joint width See Figures 1 and 2. 3.9.5 modular size tile and size based on module M, 2 M, 3 M and 5 M and also their multiples or subdivisions, except for tiles with

31、a surface area of less than 9 000 mm 2 NOTE See ISO 1006, where 1 M = 100 mm. See Figures 1 and 2. 3.9.6 non-modular size size not based on module M NOTE 1 See ISO 1006, where 1 M = 100 mm. NOTE 2 Tiles of these sizes are those commonly used in most countries. See Figures 1 and 2. 3.9.7 tolerance di

32、fference between the permissible limits of size See Figures 1 and 2. 3.10 spacer lug projection that is located along certain edges of tiles so that where two tiles are placed together, in line, the lugs on adjacent edges separate the tiles by a distance of not less than the specified width of the j

33、oint See Figure 2. 3.11 rectified tile ceramic tile that, after firing, is subjected to a precise mechanical grinding of the edges NOTE Rectified tiles have tighter dimensional criteria for length and width, straightness of sides, and rectangularity than given in Annexes A to M. ISO 2012 All rights

34、reserved 3 ISO 13006:2012(E) 3.12 back feet parallel ridges running across the back surface of some exterior wall tiles which possess a geometry intended to facilitate an interlocking connection between tile and cement mortar See Figure 3. NOTE Back feet dimensions shall be measured with vernier cal

35、ipers, and each specimen in a 10-tile sample is required to satisfy the requirements in Annexes A to M. 4 Classification 4.1 Basis of classification Ceramic tiles are divided into groups according to their method of manufacture and their water absorption (see 3.8 and Table 1). The groups do not pres

36、uppose the usage of the products. 4.2 Methods of manufacture The following are the two methods of manufacture: method A, extruded tiles (see 3.6); method B, dry-pressed tiles (see 3.7). 4.3 Water absorption according to group 4.3.1 General The following are the three groups according to water absorp

37、tion, E b . 4.3.2 Subdivision of the three groups The three groups are divided into tiles of low, medium and high water absorption, namely Groups I, II and II, respectively. a) Tiles of low water absorption, i.e. absorption coefficient less than or equal to a mass fraction of 3 %, E b 3 %, belong to

38、 Group I. Group I consists of the following: 1) for extruded tiles i) E b 0,5 % (Group AI a ), and ii) 0,5 % E b 3 % (Group AI b ); 2) for dry-pressed tiles: i) E b 0,5 % (Group BI a ); ii) 0,5 % E b 3 % (Group BI b ). b) Tiles of medium water absorption, i.e. 3 % E b 10 %, belong to Group II. Group

39、 II consists of the following: 1) for extruded tiles i) 3 % E b 6 % Group AII a , Subgroups (Parts) 1 and 2; see Annex B for Subgroup (Part) 1 or Annex C for Subgroup (Part) 2, and 4 ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO 13006:2012(E) ii) 6 % 10 %, belong to Group III. 5 Characteristics The characteristi

40、cs for different applications of ceramic tiles are given in Table 2. 6 Sampling and basis for acceptance The sampling and basis for acceptance shall be in accordance with that presented in ISO 10545-1. 7 Requirements Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties s

41、hall be as given in the relevant/specific annex, of Annexes A to M, for each tile class. 8 Marking and specifications 8.1 Marking Tiles and/or their packaging are required to bear the following marking: a) manufacturers mark and/or trademark and the country where the tile was manufactured (i.e. coun

42、try of origin, as determined by the relevant international regulation); b) indication of first quality; c) type of tile and reference to the appropriate annex of Annexes A to M; d) nominal and work sizes, modular (M) or non-modular; e) nature of the surface, i.e. glazed (GL) or unglazed (UGL); f) an

43、y surface treatment applied after firing; g) total dry weight which the tiles and their packaging shall not exceed. Each tile conforming to this International Standard is required to bear on its reverse side or edge, the country where it was manufactured. 8.2 Product literature Product literature fo

44、r tiles intended for use on floors shall state the abrasion class or the place of use of glazed tiles. NOTE See also Annex R for informative symbols. 8.3 Specifications Tiles shall be designated by the following: a) the method of shaping; ISO 2012 All rights reserved 5 ISO 13006:2012(E) b) the relev

45、ant annex of Annexes A to M, covering the specific class of tile; c) nominal and work sizes, modular (M) and non-modular; d) the nature of the surface, i.e. glazed (GL) or unglazed (UGL); e) the addition of back feet, if required. EXAMPLE 1 Precision extruded tile, ISO 13006:2012, Annex M, AI aM 25

46、cm 12,5 cm (S w240 mm 115 mm 10 mm) GL. EXAMPLE 2 Natural extruded tile, ISO 13006:2012, Annex A, AI b15 cm 15 cm (S w150 mm 150 mm 12,5 mm) UGL. EXAMPLE 3 Dry-pressed tile, ISO 13006:2012, Annex G, BI aM 25 cm 12,5 cm (S w240 mm 115 mm 10 mm) GL. EXAMPLE 4 Dry-pressed tile, ISO 13006:2012, Annex L,

47、 BIII 15 cm 15 cm (S w150 mm 150 mm 12,5 mm) UGL. 9 Ordering Each time that an order is placed, items, such as size, thickness, type of surface, colour, profile, abrasion class for glazed tiles and other properties, shall be agreed upon by the parties concerned. Table 1 Classification of ceramic til

48、es with respect to water absorption and shaping Shaping Group I E b 3 % Group II a 3 % 10 % A Extruded Group AI a E b 0,5 % (see Annex M) Group AII a-1a (see Annex B) Group AII b-1a (see Annex D) Group AIII (see Annex F) Group AI b 0,5 % E b 3 % (see Annex A) Group AII a-2a (see Annex C) Group AII b

49、-2a (see Annex E) B Dry pressed Group BI a E b 0,5 % (see Annex G) Group BII a (see Annex J) Group BII b (see Annex K) Group BIIIb (see Annex L) Group BI b 0,5 % E b 3 % (see Annex H) aGroups AII aand AII bare divided into two subgroups (Parts 1 and 2) with different product specifications. bGroup BIII covers glazed tiles only. There is a low quantity of dry-pressed unglazed tiles produced with water absorption greater than 10 % mass fraction, which is not covered