IEEE 3006 7-2013 en Recommended Practice for Determining the Reliability of 7 4 Continuous Power Systems in Industrial and Commercial Facilities《工业和商业设施中7x24持续电.pdf

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1、 IEEE 3006 STANDARDS:POWER SYSTEMS RELIABILITYIEEE Std 3006.7-2013 IEEE Recommended Practice for Determining the Reliability of 724 Continuous Power Systems in Industrial and Commercial Facilities IEEE Std 3006.7-2013 IEEE Recommended Practice for Determining the Reliability of 7x24 Continuous Power

2、 Systems in Industrial and Commercial Facilities Sponsor Technical Books Coordinating Committee of the IEEE Industry Applications Society Approved 6 March 2013 IEEE-SA Standards Board Recognized as an American National StandardAbstract: Methods for determining the reliability of 724 continuous power

3、 systems in industrial and commercial facilities are described in this recommended practice. The method of reliability analysis by probability methods is described first. This is followed by a discussion of how to evaluate the results and how to implement changes to ensure that the expected degree o

4、f reliability is achieved. Keywords: availability, failure rate, fault tree analysis, IEEE 3006.7TM, mean time between failure, mean time to repair, reliability, reliability block diagram The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyrigh

5、t 2013 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 5 April 2013. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational c

6、lassroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. Copyright 2013 IEEE. All rights reserved. iv Notice to users Laws and regulations Users of IEEE Standards documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with the provisions of any IEEE Standards docum

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8、ble laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so. Copyrights This document is copyrighted by the IEEE. It is made available for a wide variety of both public and private uses. These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardiza

9、tion, and the promotion of engineering practices and methods. By making this document available for use and adoption by public authorities and private users, the IEEE does not waive any rights in copyright to this document. Updating of IEEE documents Users of IEEE Standards documents should be aware

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12、ss listed previously. For more information about the IEEE Standards Association or the IEEE standards development process, visit IEEE-SA Website at http:/standards.ieee.org/index.html. Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.

13、org/findstds/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken by the

14、 IEEE with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. If a patent holder or patent applicant has filed a statement of assurance via an Accepted Letter of Assurance, then the statement is listed on the IEEE-SA Website at http:/standards.ieee.org/about/sasb/patc

15、om/patents.html. Letters of Assurance may indicate whether the Submitter is willing or unwilling to grant licenses under patent rights without compensation or under reasonable rates, with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfair discrimination to applicants desiring t

16、o obtain such licenses. Copyright 2013 IEEE. All rights reserved. v Essential Patent Claims may exist for which a Letter of Assurance has not been received. The IEEE is not responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the lega

17、l validity or scope of Patents Claims, or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determinatio

18、n of the validity of any patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. Copyright 2013 IEEE. All rights reserved. vi Participants At the time this IEEE recommended practice was

19、 completed, the Power Systems Reliability (PSR) Working Group had the following membership: Robert Arno, Chair William Braun Timothy J. Coyle Neal Dowling Peyton Hale Masoud Pourali Robert J. Schuerger Michael Simon Christopher C. Thompson, Jr. Joseph WeberAt the time this recommended practice was s

20、ubmitted by the PSR Working Group to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval, the 3006.7 Working Group had the following membership: Robert J. Schuerger, Chair Robert Arno Jose Cay II Raymond Chiu Edwin Cothran Annclaude Coutu Neal Dowling Addam Friedl Joaquin Fuster Gardson Githu Peter Gross Ian L

21、evine Michael Simon Sonny K. Siu The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this recommended practice. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. William Ackerman Robert Arno Adam Bagby Wallace Binder Frederick Brockhurst Gustavo Brunello William Bus

22、h William Byrd Paul Cardinal Keith Chow Donald Colaberardino Bryan Cole Larry Conrad Stephen Conrad Terry Conrad Carey Cook Jesus DeLeon Diaz Douglas Dorr Randall Dotson Neal Dowling Stephen Fairfax Keith Flowers Carl Fredericks Doaa Galal Randall Groves Thomas Gruzs Ajit Gwal Scott Hietpas Werner H

23、oelzl Mayank Jain Laszlo Kadar Piotr Karocki Gael Kennedy Yuri Khersonsky Yoonik Kim Jim Kulchisky Saumen Kundu Wei-Jen Lee Greg Luri Ahmad Mahinfallah Wayne Manges John McAlhaney, Jr. John Merando Edrin Murzaku Daniel Neeser Dennis Neitzel Michael S. Newman Joe Nims Gearold O. H. Eidhin Lorraine Pa

24、dden Richard Paes Mirko Palazzo Sergio Panetta Masoud Pourali Louie Powell Moises Ramos Daniel Leland Ransom John Roach Michael Roberts Charles Rogers Vincent Saporita Bartien Sayogo Robert J. Schuerger Robert Seitz Gil Shultz Michael Simon David Singleton James Smith Jerry Smith Chandrasekaran Subr

25、amaniam Peter Sutherland David Tepen Marcelo Valdes Kenneth White James Wikston Jian Yu Copyright 2013 IEEE. All rights reserved. vii When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this recommended practice on 6 March 2013, it had the following membership: John Kulick, Chair David J. Law, Vice Chair Rich

26、ard H. Hulett, Past Chair Konstantinos Karachalios, Secretary Masayuki Ariyoshi Peter Balma Farooq Bari Ted Burse Wael William Diab Stephen Dukes Jean-Philippe Faure Alexander Gelman Mark Halpin Gary Hoffman Paul Houz Jim Hughes Michael Janezic Joseph L. Koepfinger* Oleg Logvinov Ron Petersen Gary R

27、obinson Jon Walter Rosdahl Adrian Stephens Peter Sutherland Yatin Trivedi Phil Winston Yu Yuan *Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Julie Alessi IEEE Standards Program Ma

28、nager, Document Development Lisa Perry IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development Copyright 2013 IEEE. All rights reserved. viii Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 3006.7-2013, IEEE Recommended Practice for Determining the Reliability of 7x24 Continuous Power S

29、ystems in Industrial and Commercial Facilities. IEEE 3000 Standards CollectionTMThis recommended practice was developed by the Technical Books Coordinating Committee of the Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Department of the Industry Applications Society as part of a project to repackage the p

30、opular IEEE Color Books. The goal of this project is to speed up the revision process, eliminate duplicate material, and facilitate use of modern publishing and distribution technologies. When this project is completed, the technical material in the thirteen IEEE Color Books will be included in a se

31、ries of new standardsthe most significant of which will be a new standard, IEEE Std 3000TM, IEEE Recommended Practice for the Engineering of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems. The new standard will cover the fundamentals of planning, design, analysis, construction, installation, startup, opera

32、tion, and maintenance of electrical systems in industrial and commercial facilities. Approximately 60 additional dot standards, organized into the following categories, will provide in-depth treatment of many of the topics introduced by IEEE Std 3000TM: Power Systems Design (3001 series) Power Syste

33、ms Analysis (3002 series) Power Systems Grounding (3003 series) Protection and Coordination (3004 series) Emergency, Standby Power, and Energy Management Systems (3005 series) Power Systems Reliability (3006 series) Power Systems Maintenance, Operations, and Safety (3007 series) In many cases, the m

34、aterial in a dot standard comes from a particular chapter of a particular IEEE Color Book. In other cases, material from several IEEE Color Books has been combined into a new dot standard. This recommended practice is an update and expansion of the material in Chapter 8 of IEEE Std 493TM(IEEE Gold B

35、ookTM). IEEE Std 3006.7TMThe explosive growth of computer technology has literally changed the way business is conducted. Cell phones, text messaging, and e-mail have become the norm and the Internet provides a communication medium not previously available. Stock trading and banking, along with an i

36、ncredible diversity of retail sales, occur daily via the Internet. With the broad expansion of computer technology comes the necessity of providing an infrastructure capable of supporting it. The ITIC susceptibility curve, from IEEE Std 1100TM-2005 (IEEE Emerald BookTM) shows that electronic equipme

37、nt can be disrupted by a momentary sag of 20 ms. Two voltage immunity standards currently available have it as 10-ms minimum ride-through time; EN55024 from Special International Committee on Radio Interference (CISPR) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61000-6-1, 2005-03. Momentary

38、 interruptions of the electrical power can have huge financial consequences. Therefore, specialty equipment, such as uninterruptible power supplies Copyright 2013 IEEE. All rights reserved. ix (UPS), emergency generators, and automatic static transfer switches (STSs) are used to supplement utility p

39、ower. Initially, special facilities were designed for mainframe computers, used primarily for banking and finance, called data centers. As the use of computers broadened and support of the Internet became a significant market, along with divestiture of the telecommunications industry, the term 724 f

40、acility became common. This term is derived from the requirement that the facility operates 7 days a week, 24 hours per day. Copyright 2013 IEEE. All rights reserved. x Contents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 2. Normative references 1 3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations 2 3.1 Definitions . 2 3.

41、2 Acronyms and abbreviations . 3 4. Special terminology and equipment for 724 facilities 4 4.1 Special terminology for 724 facilities . 4 4.2 Special electrical equipment to support continuous operation . 6 4.3 Special mechanical equipment to support continuous operation . 9 5. Defining failure in a

42、 724 facility .11 5.1 Failure of components 12 5.2 Failure of the subsystem .13 5.3 Failure of the critical electrical distribution system 13 5.4 Failure of the critical mechanical cooling system .14 5.5 Failure of the electrical power to the critical mechanical cooling system 14 5.6 Other types of

43、failure 15 6. Reliability and availability as tools in evaluation of critical facilities .15 6.1 Reliability and availabilityimportance of using both 16 6.2 Reliability and availability as tools in design evaluation vs. evaluation of a specific facility 16 6.3 Recommended reliability tools for evalu

44、ation of 724 facilities 17 7. Critical electrical distribution system configurations 22 7.1 Common configurations of the UPS system .22 7.2 Critical electrical distribution system designs 24 7.3 Eliminating all single points of failure .30 7.4 Using STSs and dual cord equipmentcable and load managem

45、ent .30 8. Reliability and availability of critical distribution system configurations .31 8.1 Impact of redundancy on reliability calculations 31 8.2 Impact of facility size on reliability calculations 36 8.3 Operational availability vs. inherent availability 37 9. Critical mechanical cooling syste

46、ms .37 9.1 Cooling equipment commonly used .38 9.2 Common configurations of the mechanical cooling system .41 9.3 Reliability of the critical mechanical cooling system designs 47 9.4 Electrical power to the critical mechanical cooling system 48 9.5 Reliability of the electrical power to critical mec

47、hanical cooling system .53 9.6 Controls for critical mechanical cooling system .53 10. Commissioning, operations, and maintenance for 724 continuous power systems .56 10.1 Commissioning of 724 continuous power systems 56 10.2 Operations of 724 continuous power systems 58 10.3 Maintenance of 724 cont

48、inuous power systems .59 Annex A (informative) Bibliography 60 Copyright 2013 IEEE. All rights reserved. 1 IEEE Recommended Practice for Determining the Reliability of 7x24 Continuous Power Systems in Industrial and Commercial Facilities IMPORTANT NOTICE: IEEE Standards documents are not intended to

49、 ensure safety, health, or environmental protection, or ensure against interference with or from other devices or networks. Implementers of IEEE Standards documents are responsible for determining and complying with all appropriate safety, security, environmental, health, and interference protection practices and all applicable laws and regulations. This IEEE document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be fo