黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学2019届高三英语上学期开学摸底考试试题（含解析）.doc

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1、- 1 -牡丹江市一中 2016 级高三学年上学期 8 月摸底考试英语试题本试卷共 150 分 答题时间 120 分钟第一节：单项选择（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。1._ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.A. To face B. Having facedC. Faced D. Facing【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查形容词用法。本题中考查了形容词的固定词组 be faced w

2、ith 面对着；本句中使用形容词短语 faced with 对句子主语 Amold 的情况进行说明。句意：面对着艰难的形势，Amold 决定向老板征询建议。故 C 正确。本题可以使用动词 facing a difficult situation 的形式在句中做状语。考点：考查形容词用法点评：分词转换的形容词是考查的重点，过去分词转换的形容词常常用来修饰人或者与人有关的事物如 look, appearance；现在分词转换的形容词常常用来修饰事物。这样的形容词经常在句中做表语或者定语修饰名词，也可以在句中构成形容词短语对主句的情况进行说明。2.This book is said to be th

3、e special one, which _ many events not found in other books.A. covers B. writesC. prints D. reads【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查动词词义辨析。A 覆盖 B 写 C 印刷 D 读，句意：这本书据说很特别，因为它覆盖其他历史书上未发现的事。故选 A考点：考查动词词义辨析- 2 -3.Americans eat _ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.A. more than twice B. as twice as manyC. twice

4、as many as D. more than twice as many【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：美国人现在每人吃的蔬菜是 1910 年的两倍。倍数表达：倍数 + as + 形容词或副词的原级 + as + 其他，如：There are seven times as many people as I expected. 是我预料的人数的七倍。倍数 + 形容词（或副词）的比较级 + than + 其他，如：The hall is five times bigger than our classroom. 这个大厅的面积比我们教室大五倍。故本题选 C。考点：考查倍数表达。4.With n

5、othing_to burn, the fire became weak and finally died out.A. leaving B. leftC. leave D. to leave【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：剩下的没有什么东西可燃烧，火越来越弱最后熄灭了。句中 nothing 和动词 leave 是被动关系，故用过去分词，故选 B。考点：考查非谓语动词。5.The professor suggested the problem _ at once.A. referred to be solved B. referred to solvingC. referred to was

6、 solved D. referred to must be solved【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查过去分词和 suggest 的用法。句意：教授建议所提到的那个问题应该马上予以解决。the problem 和 referred to 之间是被动关系，此处是过去分词做后置定语，相当于定语从句 which had been referred to；suugest “建议 ” 接句子时用虚拟语气（should)+动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，再根据 the problem 和 solve 之间是被动关系，所以要- 3 -用被动语态（should ）be solved。故选 A。【点睛

7、】Suggest 用法小结1suggest 表示建议1）suggest+doing sth.He suggested going out for a walk.2）suggest +(that )+主语+(should) do+sth 其中的 should 可以省略He suggested that you should go there tomorrow.=He suggested you go there tomorrow.注意,不可以这样说：He suggested you to go there tomorrow.也就是说 suggest 不可以加不定式的复合结构.3）it is su

8、ggested that +主语+(should )do sth. It is suggested that the work (should) be finished at once.4）suggestion 做主语时,其后的表语从句也用这个结构即：The suggestion is that +主语+should +do sthHis suggestion is that I should leave for Beijing immediately.2.suggest 表示暗示或表明之意,注意此时做主语时后面的表语从句用陈述语气Her yawn suggested that she was

9、 sleepy.她哈欠连天表明她困了。6. Here _！Where is Xiao Liu?There _.A. comes the bus; is he B. comes the bus; he isC. the bus comes; is he D. the bus comes; he is【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：车来了，小刘在哪？在那。Here 和 There 等副词放在句首，主语是名词时句子全部倒装，主语是代词不倒装。故选 B.考点：考查倒装句。7.What_ it is to have a cold drink after an _ game!A. fun, exciti

10、ng B. a fun, excitingC. funs, excited D. fun, excited【答案】A- 4 -【解析】考查词性。fun 为不可数名词，exciting 令人兴奋的，令人激动的。根据句意选 A。8.This is one of the highest buildings that _ in our city recently.A. has been built B. buildC. have been built D. have built【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时态的被动语态。句意：这是最近我们城市建设的众多最高的建筑中的一座。此处 the hig

11、hest buildings 是先行词，指物，复数形式，且和 build 之间是被动关系，再根据 recently 所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态，故选 C。9.Our English teacher as well as we students _ not _ Chinese in the English Corner.A. are; allowed to speak B. is; allowed speakingC. is; allowed to speak D. are; allowed speaking【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致。主语由 as well as、togeth

12、er with，along with，including，连接时，主语和前面的主语一致，此处主语是 Our English teacher 所以后面的谓语动词用单数形式；be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事，故选 C。【点睛】主谓一致1.四大就近原则：not only but also；neithernor；eitheror；notbut例句：Not only I but also he is happy.2.四大就远原则：as well as；with ；but/beside/except；rather than例句：I as well as he am happy.10.

13、It is impossible for all the people to get jobs because _ of them are not fit for them.A. none B. allC. not all D. every one【答案】B- 5 -【解析】试题分析：句意：所有的人都找到工作是不可能的，因为并不是所有的人都适合这些工作。此处 all of them are not fit for them.是部分否定，意为：并不是所有的人都适合这些工作。故选 B。考点：考查代词的用法及部分否定。第二节：阅读理解 (共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分)阅读下列短文，

14、从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中, 选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AMark felt that it was time for him to take part in his community，so he went to the neighborhood meeting after work. The area city council(委员会)woman was leading a discussion about how the quality of life was on the decline. The neighborhood faced many prob

15、lems.Mark looked at the charts taped to the walls. There were charts for parking problems, crime, and for problems in vacant buildings. Mark read from the charts, “Police patrols(巡逻)cut back, illegal parking up 20%.” People were supposed to suggest solutions to the council woman. It was too much for

16、 Mark. “The problems are too big,” he thought. He turned to the man next to him and said, “I think this is a waste of my time. Nothing I can do would make a difference here.”As he neared the bus stop on his way home, Mark saw a woman carrying a grocery bag, and a baby.As Mark got closer, her other c

17、hild，a little boy, suddenly dashed into the street. The woman tried to reach for him, but as she moved, her bag shifted(滑落), and groceries started to fall out.Mark ran to take the boys arm and led him back to his mother. “You gotta stay with Mom,” he said. Then he picked up the fallen groceries whil

18、e the woman smiled in relief. “Thanks,” she said. “Youve got great timing.” “Just being neighborly,” Mark said. As he rode home, he glanced at the poster near his seat in the bus. Small acts of kindness add up.Mark smiled and thought, “Maybe thats a good place to start.”11. Why did Mark go to the ne

19、ighborhood meeting?- 6 -A. To join in the neighborhood patrols.B. To do something for his community.C. To voice his complaints to the city council.D. To collect suggestions for the community problems.12. What was being discussed when Mark arrived at the neighborhood meeting?A. The worsening in the q

20、uality of life.B. The increase of police patrols at night.C. The rebuilding of vacant buildings.D. The violation(违反)of community regulations.13. What did Mark think of the communitys problems?A. They may take a long time to be solved.B. They need to be solved with the assistance from the city.C. The

21、y have to be dealt with one by one.D. They are too big for single efforts.14. Why did Mark smile on his ride home?A. He had got some groceries at a big discount.B. He had read a funny poster near his seat.C. He had done a small deed of kindness.D. He had caught the bus just in time.【答案】11. B 12. A 1

22、3. D 14. C【解析】本文为记叙文。文章讲述的是马克曾经认为自己的力量薄弱，解决不了世界性的难题，照顾好自己就够了，后来通过在公交车站碰到的事情才明白，小小的善举会产生影响，积小成多、积小成大才会让世界变得更美好。【11 题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的 Mark felt that it was time for him, to take part in his community, so he went to the neighborhood meeting after work.（马克觉得该是他参加社区活动的时候了，所以下班后他去参加了社区会议）及 Nothing I could

23、 do would make a difference here.（我所能做的任何事都对这里不起作用）可推知，马克参加社区会议是想为社区做点事情。故选 B。- 7 -【12 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的 The area city council (委员会) woman was leading a discussion about how the quality of life was decreasing.（该地区城市委员会的一个妇女领导正在和别人讨论关于生活质量为何下降的问题）可知，当马克到了的时候，社区会议正在讨论生活质量下降的问题。故选 A。【13 题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段

24、中的 It was too much for Mark. “The problems are too big,“ he thought. （但这对于马克来讲太多了。他想“这些问题太大了。 ”）可推知，马克认为委员会的问题都太大了，个人无能为力。故选 D。【14 题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 On one of them was “Small acts of kindness add up.” Mark smiled and thought, “Maybe thats a good place to start.“（其中一个海报写着“小小的仁慈可以不断积累” ，马克笑着说：“这也许是个好

25、的开始。 ”）可推知，马克会心的微笑是因为自己做了一个小小的善举。故选 C。【名师点睛】阅读理解在每套英语试题中都占有很重要的分值，需要大家特别重视。解答阅读理解时，一般遵循先读文章后的题目，标识出关键词（信息点） ，带着问题去阅读，做到心中有数，这样能够提高做题效率；在阅读过程中，将题目答案的原文信息源做好标识，这样能够做到自己的答案有凭有据，有助于提高自己的做题信心、有利于回头的自我检查。如第 2 小题 What was being discussed when Mark arrived at the neighborhood meeting?（当马克到达社区会议的时候，正在讨论什么？）

26、，解答这道小题的时候，关键找出马克到达时，社区议会正在讨论什么，我们从第一段中的 The area city council woman was leading a discussion about how the quality of life was decreasing.（该地区城市委员会的一个妇女领导正在和别人讨论关于生活质量为何下降的问题） ，本句中的关键信息是 was leading a discussion about（正引领着一场关于的讨论） 。由此可知，当马克到了的时候，社区会议正在讨论生活质量下降的问题。于是我们将这句话标识出来作为第 2 小题的答案依据。BThe TED

27、speaker series features “ideas worth spreading”. With over 1,400 to choose from, weve selected a few that are perfect for students.- 8 -1. Larry Smith: Why you will fail to have a great careerWe humans may have an unfavorable habit of making excuses for ourselves or being too confident about ourselv

28、es. Accordingly, Larry Smith, a professor of economics at the University of Waterloo in Canada, tells us why most of us will fail to have a great career. Luckily, as he puts it, there is a way outfollow your heart, as long as it is good for your career.2. Andy Puddicombe: All it takes is 10 mindful

29、minutesBetween dance team, volunteering and oh, rightlectures, your lifes crazy factor（因素）is about to go way up. In this entertaining and informative talk, Mindfulness, expert Andy Puddicombe teaches us how to be “more healthy, more mindful and less distracted” by taking just 10 minutes out of the d

30、ay to be “more present”.3. Shane Koyczan: To this dayfor the bullied（欺凌）and beautifulThis talk is sure to stay with you. Shane Koyczans “To This Day” is an affecting spoken-word poem about bullying and being different that gained over 10 million views on YouTube. In this talk, Koyczan gives a live r

31、eading of the poem, along with some stories about his background.4. Susan Cain: The power of introverts（性格内向者）Does a cup of tea and a good book sound like a perfect Friday night? In this personal talk, Susan Cain argues that introverts have talents and abilities. Our culture may value being outgoing

32、, but the world needs all kinds.15. What does Larry Smith advise students to do for a good career?A. Dont be too optimistic. B. Learn from others lessons.C. Never make excuses for yourself. D. Match your interests with your career.16. What is Andy Puddicombes talk mainly about?A. How to concentrate.

33、 B. The need for teamwork.C. How to be a good volunteer. D. The importance of good health.17. Which TED speaker makes people who are not social feel confident?A. Andy Puddicombe B. Susan CainC. Shane Koyczan D. Larry Smith- 9 -【答案】15. D 16. A 17. B【解析】TED 演讲系列以“值得传播的理念”为特征，有一千四百多个话题可供选择，文章介绍 4 个适合学生

34、听的演讲话题。【15 题详解】细节理解题。根据 1. Larry Smith: Why you will fail to have a great career 部分的最后一句 Luckily, as he puts it, there is a way out-follow your heart, as long as it is good for your career.幸运的是，正如他所说，只要对你的职业有好处，就有一条路可以跟着你的心。可知 Larry Smith 建议我们在择业时把择业和兴趣相关联。故选 D。【16 题详解】主旨大意题。根据 2. Andy Puddicombe: A

35、ll it takes is 10 mindful minutes 部分的介绍 Andy Puddicombe teaches us how to be “more healthy, more mindful and less distracted” by taking just 10 minutes out of the day to be “more present” Andy 教我们怎样“更健康，更留心而不会分心” 通过每天十分钟注重现在。可知 Andy 的演讲主要是关于如何更专心。故选 A。【17 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一部分内容的介绍 In this personal ta

36、lk, Susan Cain argues that introverts have talents and abilities.在这个个人演讲中， Susan Cain 表明性格内向者有天赋和能力。可知她的演讲能使得不合群的人感到自信。故选 B。CWe all know what a brain is. A doctor will tell you that the brain is the organ of the body in the head. It controls our bodys functions, movements, emotions and thoughts. But

37、 a brain can mean so much more.A brain can also simply be a smart person. If a person is called brainy, he is smart and intelligent. If a family has many children but one of them is super smart, you could say, “Hes the brains in the family.” And if you are the brains behind something, you are respon

38、sible for developing or organizing something. For example, Bill Gates is the brains behind Microsoft.Brain trust is a group of experts who give advice. Word experts say the phrase “brain trust” became popular when Franklin D. Roosevelt first ran for - 10 -president in 1932. Several professors gave h

39、im advice on social and political issues（问题）facing the U.S. These professors were called his “brain trust”.These ways we use the word “brain” all make sense. But other ways we use the word are not so easy to understand. For example, to understand the next brain expression, you first need to know the

40、 word “drain”. As a verb, to drain means to remove something by letting it flew away. So a brain drain may sound like a disease where the brain flows out of the ears. But, brain drain is when a countrys most educated people leave their countries to live in another. The brains are, sort of, draining

41、out of the country.However, if people are responsible for a great idea, you could say they brainstormed it. Here, brainstorm is not an act of weather. It is a process of thinking creatively about a complex topic. For example, business leaders may use brainstorming to create new products, and governm

42、ent leaders may brainstorm to solve problems.If people are brainwashed, it does not mean their brains are nice and clean. To brainwash means to make some accept new beliefs by using repeated pressure in a forceful or tricky way. Keep in mind that brainwash is never used in a positive way.18. Accordi

43、ng to the text, if youre the CEO of Bai Du you can be called .A. the organ of Bai Du B. the brain drain of Bai DuC. the brains behind Bai Du D. Bai Dus brain trust19. Roosevelt successfully won the election probably because .A. he got his brain trust B. he got the help of word expertsC. he was smart

44、 at giving advice D. he was the brains behind America20. From the passage, we can infer that .A. to drain a lake means to fill it with a lot of waterB. brainy and brainwash are never used in a negative wayC. brainstorming is not a good choice for a political leader for lack of creativity- 11 -D. a c

45、ountry suffers a “brain drain” when educated people move to other countries21. The author explains the “brain” expressions by .A. making comments B. making comparisonsC. using examples D. analyzing origins【答案】18. C 19. A 20. D 21. C【解析】文章讲述“brain”一词的含义，以及它引申出来的几个单词的意思。【18 题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的描述 And if y

46、ou are the brains behind something, you are responsible for developing or organizing something.（如果你是某物背后的 brain，你对它的发展以及组织负有责任。 ） 以及最后一句的例子 For example, Bill Gates is the brains behind Microsoft.（例如，比尔盖茨是微软背后的大脑。 ）可推断如果你是百度的CEO，你可以被叫百度背后的大脑。故选 C。【19 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段 Several professors gave him advice

47、 on social and political issues（问题）facing the U.S. These professors were called his “brain trust”.可知 Roosevelt 成功地赢得竞选是因为他有“brain trust”（一个给他建议的团队） 。故选A。【20 题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段对 brain drain 的解释 brain drain is when a countrys most educated people leave their countries to live in another. The brains are,

48、sort of, draining out of the country. brain drain 是一个国家受最高教育的人离开他们的国家住在另一个国家。可知当一个国家受高教育的人移民到别的国家时，这个国家遭受 brain drain。故选 D。【21 题详解】细节理解题。文章讲述“brain”一词的含义，以及它引申出来的几个单词的意思，解释每种意思之后都会加上例子说明，比如 For example, Bill Gates is the brains behind Microsoft.；For example, business leaders may use brainstorming to

49、 create new products, and government leaders may brainstorm to solve problems.。可知文章是通- 12 -过举例子来解释“brain”的表达。故选 C。【名师点睛】关于推理判断题推理题是在掌握文章大意基础上看出作者的“ 言外之意”(between the lines)。这既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，有些推断题要从文章结构的角度进行分析，才能推断出正确答案。因此，阅读时不仅要注重词、句的理解，而且还要分析语篇的组织结构。这类试题常以如下句式发问：What can you infer /learn/conclude from the passage?Whats the authors attitude toward?What does the passage suggest?The au