SAE ARP 4102-1988 Flight Deck Panels Controls and Displays《飞行甲板面板 控制机构 和显示器》.pdf

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1、RATIONALE This document has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE 5-Year Review policy. SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability

2、and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestio

3、ns. Copyright 2007 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DO

4、CUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org I ARP41 02 wo Page 2 2.2.3 Equipment Designation: Where more than one unit of equipment is installed, they shall be designated as

5、 follows: - Power plant and dependent equipment: Number consecutively from left wing, fuselage, right wing - Crew station assigned equipment: Left or 1, Right or 2, Center or 3 - Non-assigned equipment: A, B, C or Color Coded (e.g., Blue, Green, ?ellow), or 1, 2, 3 (1 east preferred) 2.3 Abbreviatio

6、ns: Where abbreviations are used to designate or placard equipment, they should comply with S-7 ARP4105. 3. OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS: 3.1 General: 3.1.1 Flight deck controls and displays are the main interface of the aircraft with the flight crew. controls and displays should be simple, rational, an

7、d user-friendly. 3.7.2 Integration of controls and displays is desirable but should be sed only where a sound and proven operational philosophy has been defined early in the design of the flight deck and strictly adhered to (e.g., dark/quiet flight deck). In order to ensure safe and effective operat

8、ion, 3.1.3 Integration of controls and displays should be used only where it can be shown that integration will contribute to: - improved accessibility - reduced workload - operational flexibility - compati bil i ty with other fl ight deck control s and displays 3.1.4 Flight deck controls and displa

9、ys shall be designed so that: - operation is unaffected by abnormal environmental conditions (e.g., - safety of flight can be maintained under extreme conditions 1 ightning, turbulence) 3.1.5 Control panels and displays shall be designed in an orderly and functional ly partitioned manner conducive t

10、o error-free operation and comprehension of data di spl ayed. 3.1.6 Operational control panels should not contain test function controls, 4. PANELS: 4.1 Pilots Primary Instrument Panel : COPYRIGHT SAE International (Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc)SAE ARP*4102 84 8357340 0027786 7 ARP41 O2 L.AE

11、 Page 3 - 4.1.1 Location and Function: 4.1.1.1 The panel shall be located directly in front of the pilot and shall display the necessary vertical and horizontal situation and command information as we1 1 as navigation data. Areas of the panel that contain displays or .mtrols used during any flight p

12、hase shall be visible to the pilot from all eye positions within a sphere whose radius is 32 mm (1.25 in) from the design eye position, assuming bi nocul ar vi si on. 4.1.1.2 The panel shall be oriented so as to minimize parallax, while at the same time preventing reflections and glare. 4.1.1.3 The

13、top of the panel should be as close to the windshield lower cutoff as possible, so as to minimize vertical scan between head down displays and external vi si on. 4.1.2 Display Arrangement: 4.1.2.1 4.1.2.2 4.1.2.3 In each panel, pitch and roll attitude and/or flightpath situation and command informat

14、ion shall be displayed in the central upper area. The Basic T arrangement shall be implemented by locating basic flight data in the positions described in paragraphs 4.1 2.3 - 4.1.2.6. Where the primary attitude instrument is located above the primary navigation instrument, the vertical center line

15、of the attitude instrument should not be displaced more than 25 mm (1 .O in) from the vertical plane passing through the DEP and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the aircraft. panel as possible. The instrument shall be located as high in the Where the primary attitude instrument is located besid

16、e the primary navigation instrument, the vertical center 1 ine of the attitude instrument should not be displaced more than 63 mm (2.5 in) from the vertical plane passing through the DEP and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the aircraft. Airspeed and related parameters such as Mach number shall

17、be displayed on the left side of the vertical center line. The center of a separate circular airspeed indicator shall be less than 25 mm (1 .O in) above or bel ow the extended horizontal center 1 i ne of the atti tude display. Where airspeed is incorporated in an EADI/PFD using a moving scale presen

18、tation, the present val ue shall be al i gned wi th the horizontal center reference 1 ine of the attitude/flight path display, COPYRIGHT SAE International (Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc)Licensed by Information Handling ServicesSM0 Page 4 I ARP41 O2 4.1.2.4 Al titude and related parameters suc

19、h as glideslope and vertical speed shall be displayed on the right side of the vertical center line. The center of a separate circular al timeter shall be less than 25 mm (1 .O in) above or below the extended horizontal center line of the attitude display. Where altitude is incorporated in an EADI/P

20、FD using a moving scale presentation, the present value shall be aligned with the horizontal center reference 1 ine of the atti tude/fl ight path displ ay. 4.1.2,5 Basic navigation information shall be displayed in the lower central area, The present value of heading should be aligned with the verti

21、cal center 1 ine of the atti tude/primary flight display. 4.1.2.6 Standby instruments shall be located in a position that enables both pilots to monitor the instruments and that minimizes eye movement between standby instruments. 4.2 Pi 1 ots Center Instrument Panel : 4.2.1 Location and Function; 4.

22、2.1.1 The panel should include those system displays that are vital to the safe operation of the aircraft. These may include power plant, configuration, flight control, systems monitoring/status, and warning system displays, 4.2.1.2 Controls located on the panel should be accessible to both pilots.

23、42.1.3 Areas of the panel that contain displays or controls used during any flight phase shall be visible to both pilots for all eye positions within a sphere whose radius is 32 mm (1.25 in) from the DEP. 4.2.2 Display Arrangement: 4.2,2.1 The necessary power plant, configuration, system and warning

24、 displays and related controls shall be laid out in an easily identifiable and logical arrangement . 4.2.2.2 Power plant indicators or displays shall be aligned by function and power plant position and arranged in the order (a), (b), (c) below, either from top to bottom or from left to right. operat

25、ion, the secondary instruments may be located at a third crew members station, (If required) for a 3-crew (a) Primary power or thrust parameter indicators, e.g., EPR/Nl /BHP/torque/mani fol d pressure/reverser posi ti on (b) Primary limitation and function indicators, e.g., EGT/TGT/NZ/cyl i nder hea

26、d temp (c 1 Secondary 1 imitation and function indicators, e.g., oil press/oil temp/vi brati on . COPYRIGHT SAE International (Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc)Licensed by Information Handling Services SAE ARP*VL02 88 = 83573VO 0027788 O = Page 5 ARP41 O2 I 4.2.2.3 Systems controls and displays

27、should be visible to all crew members and accessible to each pi1 ot. 4.2.2.4 Systems displays should present system information in a format that corresponds to relative positions in the aircraft of the system components. 4.2.2.5 Alerting system visual displays should be in accordance with the Flight

28、 Deck Al erfing System, ARP41 02/4. 4.2.2.6 Where system parameters and alerting functions are combined in a single display format, dedicated areas should be provided for each function. 4.3 G1 areshiel d Panel : 4.3.1 Location and Function: 4.3.1.1 Since the glareshield is an area requiring minimum

29、deviation of the eyes from the instrument panels or external vision, it should be used for locating frequently used controls whose operation by either pilot is routine. The installation should not compromise external vision or usable area required for the flight or systems instrument panels. 4.3.2 A

30、rranaemen t: 4.3.2.1 Controls other than those associated with flight guidance, navigation, and display selection should not be located in the glareshield. control for the glareshield panel should be located in the glareshield area. Dimming 4.3.2.2 Controls, displays, and annunciators shall be locat

31、ed so as to preclude misselection or ambiguity. Visual and tactile coding between controls shall be provided (e.g., heading, course, airspeed, al titude) and corre1 ation between coding of control and associated display symbol shall be incorporated. 4.3.2.3 Controls and displays located in or on the

32、 glareshield shal constitute a head hazard in the event of rapid deceleration not 4.4 Pedestal : 4.4.1 Locati on and Function: 4.4.1.1 This location requires substantial deviation of the eyes from the external field of vision, especially in the area aft of the pilots DEP. Panels may be located in th

33、e aft area provided they do not require frequent operation or observation. Controls on panels forward or aft of the DEP should be accessible to both pilots. Control operation shall not interfere with access to or view of other controls and displays located in the pedestal area. COPYRIGHT SAE Interna

34、tional (Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc)Licensed by Information Handling ServicesARP41 02 I Page 6 SM 4.4.1.2 Frequently used alphanumeric keyboards should be located forward of the DEP and in such a position that operation in turbulence is not significantly degraded. 4.4.1.3 Panel design shall

35、 include protection against spillage of beverages and intrusion of dust. 4.5 Pilots Overhead Panel : 4.5.1 Location and Function: 4.5,l.l The space overhead and between the two pilots may be utilized for locating infrequently used controls and displays. All items on this panel should be clearly visi

36、ble and accessible to both pilots. controls for landing lights are examples of critical items that should be located on the forward central area of the overhead panel. The 4.5.2 Display Arrangement: 4.5,2.1 Controls, displays, and annunciators shall be aligned in the same relative order as the power

37、 plants, or the function with which they are associated. 4.5.2.2 When the panel i ncorporates system di spl ays , control s , and annunciators , the layout shall comply with the recommendations given in paragraphs 4.6.2.2 and 4.6.2.3. 4.6 Third Crew Members Panel: 4.6.1 Location and Function: 4.6.1

38、.1 4.6.1.2 4.6,1.3 4.6.1.4 4.6.1 .5 The panel shall not be oriented so that it would require the third crew member to sit facing more than 90 deg away from directly forward. The third crew members seat shall have sufficient travel, adjustment and swiveling capabil i ty to permit easy observation of

39、the appropriate lateral and forward panels and displays. It is desirable that the more important controls and displays should be grouped at eye level or below. The left hand pilot, when his seat is at the position that will locate his eyes at the DEP, should be able to observe those controls and dis

40、plays on the third crew members panel that require checking. Controls required immediately for safe operation with an incapaci tatedl absent third crew member should be visible to and within reach of the right hand pilot in his seated position. This applies to those controls that are required to be

41、operated rapidly as a result of the more probable system failures or abnormal flight conditions. COPYRIGHT SAE International (Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc)SAE ARP*L(L02 BB = 83573LiO 0027790 9 Page 7 I ARP41 O2 I 4.6.2 Display Arrangement: 4.6.2.1 Power pl ant and sys tems control s , di spl

42、ays and annunciators shall be aligned from top to bottom or left to right in the same relative order as the power plants, or the function with which they are associated. (Alignment need not be a function of physical geometry such as wing sweepback or aft engine location.) 4.6.2.2 Each system shall h

43、ave its associated control s , di spl ays, and annunciators grouped in one area allocated for this purpose. 4.6.2.3 The use of functional schematic light plates and flow line switching in association with system controls, displays, and annunciators is very desi rab1 e. Functional schematic arrangeme

44、nt and flow lines should, as far as is practi cab1 e, correspond wi th the re1 ative positions of the system components. deck. F1 ow di rection should be consistent throughout the fl ight 4.7 Circuit Breaker Panel : See ARP41 O1 /5. 5. CONTROLS: 5.1 General: 5.1.1 Controls shall be designed so as to

45、 minimize the risk of erroneous or inadvertent operation. The following criteria should be met: 5.1.1.1 Identification shall be facilitated by logical arrangement and coding of controls. (Differing shapes, sizes, colors, etc.) 5.1.1.2 Control position shall be readily discernible in all lighting con

46、ditions. 5.1.1.3 Differing types of control shall be limited to the minimum, sense of actuation standardized and related effect made as uniform as possible. Keyboards and rotary controls are preferred to thumb wheels and slew control s (see paragraph 5.3). 5.1.1.4 Where appropriate, detents shall .b

47、e provided for each unit or increment of the control 1 ed parameter (e. g . , degrees, KHz 1. 5.1.1.5 Safety devices (gate, balk, override) shall be designed to prevent incorrect or premature selection. 5.1.1.6 Where damage to the aircraft can result from exceeding a .placarded limitation, initial m

48、ovement of a control (e.g., flap, landing gear) should excite the appropriate aural or visual alert. 5.1.2 If the effect of control actuation or selection is not readily observable by the pilot, feedback information shall be provided. COPYRIGHT SAE International (Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc

49、)Licensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 8 wo 5.1.3 Controls which are likely to be operated simultaneously by both pilots shall be located and arranged so as to minimize the risk of physical interference. 5.1.4 Controls and their associated subpanels shall be designed so that they do not consatitute a hazard to the crew in incidents or survivable accidents. 5.2 Location of Controls: 5.2.1 Controls shall be located so that they are accessible to the crew member to whom they are assigned. 5.2.2 Controls for managing the information content of flight and naviga