SAE AMS 2411H-2013 Plating Silver for High Temperature Applications《高温设施用镀银工艺》.pdf

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1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there

2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2013 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p

3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497

4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS2411H AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AMS2411 REV. H Issued 1966-09 Revised 2

5、013-12 Superseding AMS2411G Plating, Silver for High Temperature Applications RATIONALE AMS2411H results from a Five Year Review and update of this specfication. NOTICE ORDERING INFORMATION: The following information shall be provided to the plating processor by the purchaser. 1. Purchase order shal

6、l specify not less than the following: AMS2411H Plating thickness desired (see 3.4.1) Basis metal to be plated Tensile strength or hardness of the basis metal Preplate stress relief to be performed by plating processor (time and temperature) if different from 3.1.1 Special features, geometry or proc

7、essing present on parts that requires special attention by the plating processor Hydrogen embrittlement relief to be performed by plating processor (parameters or reference document) if different from 3.3.1 Minimum thickness on internal surfaces, if required (see 3.4.1.3) Quantity of pieces to be pl

8、ated 2. Parts manufacturing operations such as heat treating, forming, joining and media finishing can affect the condition of the substrate for plating, or, if performed after plating, could adversely affect the plated part. The sequencing of these types of operations should be specified by the cog

9、nizant engineering organization or purchaser and is not controlled by this specification. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2411H Page 2 of 9 1. SCOPE 1.1 Purpose This specification covers requirements for silver deposited on metal parts with a nickel strike between the basis metal and the silver deposit. 1.2 Ap

10、plication This process has been used typically to prevent galling or seizing of surfaces of parts, such as fasteners, made of low alloy steel, corrosion and heat resistant steel, and nickel alloys for use up to 1400 F (760 C), but usage Is not limited to such applications. 1.3 Safety-Hazardous Mater

11、ials While the materials, methods, applications, and processes described or referenced in this specification may involve the use of hazardous materials, this specification does not address the hazards which may be involved in such use. It is the sole responsibility of the user to ensure familiarity

12、with the safe and proper use of any hazardous materials and to take necessary precautionary measures to ensure the health and safety of all personnel involved. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification

13、to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply. 2.1 SAE P

14、ublications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AMS2750 Pyrometry AMS2759/9 Hydrogen Embrittlement Relief (Baking) of Steel Parts AMS5616 Steel, Corrosion and Heat-R

15、esistant, Bars, Wire, Forgings, Tubing and Rings, 13Cr - 2.0Ni - 3.0W, Annealed AMS5640 Steel, Corrosion-Resistant, Bars, Wire, and Forgings, 18Cr - 9.0Ni, Free Machining AMS5643 Steel, Corrosion-Resistant, Bars, Wire, Forgings, Tubing, and Rings, 16Cr - 4.0Ni - 0.30Cb - 4.0Cu, Solution Heat Treated

16、, Precipitation Hardenable AMS5709 Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Bars and Forgings, 58Ni - 19.5Cr - 13.5Co - 4.3Mo - 3.0Ti - 1.4AI - 0.05Zr - 0.006B, Consumable Electrode or Vacuum Induction Melted, 1975 F (1079 C) Solution, Stabilization, and Precipitation Heat Treated AMS5732 Steel,

17、Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Bars, Wire, Forgings, Tubing, and Rings, 15Cr - 25.5Ni - 1.2Mo - 2.1Ti - 0.006B - 0.30V, Consumable Electrode Melted, 1800 F (982 C) Solution and Precipitation Heat Treated AMS6304 Low-Alloy Steel, Heat-Resistant, Bars, Forgings, and Tubing, 0.95Cr - 0.55Mo - 0.30V (0.4

18、0 - 0.50C) AS2390 Chemical Process Test Specimen Material SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2411H Page 3 of 9 2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM B 487 Measurement of Metal and Oxide

19、 Coating Thicknesses by Microscopical Examination of a Cross Section ASTM B 499 Measurement of Coating Thicknesses by the Magnetic Method: Nonmagnetic Coatings on Magnetic Basis Metals ASTM B 504 Measurement of the Thickness of Metallic Coatings by the Coulometric Method ASTM B 567 Measurement of Co

20、ating Thickness by the Beta Backscatter Method ASTM B 568 Measurement of Coating Thickness by X-Ray Spectrometry ASTM B 571 Qualitative Adhesion Testing of Metallic Coatings ASTM E 376 Measuring Coating Thickness by Magnetic-Field or Eddy-Current (Electromagnetic) Examination Methods ASTM F 519 Mech

21、anical Hydrogen Embrittlement Evaluation of Plating/Coating Processes and Service Environments 2.3 ANSI Publications Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org. ASME B46.1 Surface Texture 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.

22、1 Preparation 3.1.1 Stress Relief Treatment 3.1.1.1 Furnaces used for Stress Relief shall be controlled per AMS2750. The minimum requirements shall be Class 5, with Type D Instrumentation. 3.1.1.2 Steel parts having a hardness of 40 HRC or higher and that are ground, machined, cold formed or cold st

23、raightened after heat treatment shall be cleaned to remove surface contamination and thermally stress relieved before plating. (Residual tensile stresses have been found to be damaging during electrofinishing.) Temperatures to which parts are heated shall be such that stress relief is obtained while

24、 still maintaining hardness of parts within drawing limits. Unless otherwise specified, the following treatment temperatures and times shall be used: 3.1.1.2.1 For parts, excluding nitrided parts, having a hardness of 55 HRC and above, including carburized and induction hardened parts, stress reliev

25、e at 275 F 25 (135 C 14) for 5 to 10 hours. 3.1.1.2.2 For parts having a hardness less than 55 HRC and for nitrided parts, stress relieve at 375 F 25 (191 C 14) for a minimum of 4 hours. Higher temperatures shall be used only when specified or approved by the cognizant engineering organization. 3.1.

26、1.2.3 For peened parts If stress relief temperatures above 375 F (191 C) are elected, the stress relieve shall be performed prior to peening or the cognizant engineering organization shall be consulted and shall approve the stress relief temperature. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2411H Page 4 of 9 3.1.2 Nick

27、el strike plating shall be applied over a clean and active surface that will result in a deposit that meets the adhesion and quality requirements of this specification. The pretreatment process shall not produce pitting or intergranular attack of the basis metal and shall preserve dimensional requir

28、ements. 3.1.3 Except for barrel plating, electrical contact points shall be as follows. For parts which are to be plated all over, locations shall be acceptable to the cognizant engineering organization. For parts which are not to be plated all over, locations shall be in areas on which plating is n

29、ot required or locations acceptable to the cognizant engineering organization. 3.2 Procedure 3.2.1 Parts shall be plated using a three-step process: nickel strike, silver strike, and silver plate. 3.2.1.1 When approved by the cognizant engineering organization, an alternative to nickel strike is per

30、mitted. 3.2.2 The use of organic base grain refining and brightener additives shall be prohibited in both the silver strike and silver plate solutions. 3.2.3 Double plating and spotting in are prohibited. 3.3 Post Treatment 3.3.1 Hydrogen embrittlement relief treatment of steel parts shall be in acc

31、ordance with AMS2759/9. 3.4 Properties Plated parts shall conform to the following requirements: 3.4.1 Thickness of the deposit shall be as specified on the drawing, determined in accordance with any of the following methods as applicable: ASTM B 487, ASTM B 499, ASTM B 504, ASTM B 567, ASTM B 568,

32、ASTM E 376, or other method acceptable to the cognizant engineering organization (See 8.6). 3.4.1.1 Nickel strike shall not exceed 0.0005 inch (13 m). 3.4.1.2 Where silver flash is specified, plate thickness shall be approximately 0.0001 inch (2.5 m). 3.4.1.3 All surfaces of the part, except those w

33、hich cannot be touched by a sphere 0.75 inch (19 mm) in diameter, shall be plated to the specified thickness. Unless otherwise specified, surfaces such as holes, recesses, threads and other areas where a controlled deposit cannot be obtained under normal plating conditions, may be under the specifie

34、d limit provided they show visual plating coverage. 3.4.2 Composition of the deposit shall be not less than 99.9% silver determined by a method acceptable to the cognizant engineering organization. 3.4.3 Adhesion The deposit shall firmly adhere to the basis metal. 3.4.3.1 Parts or test panels to be

35、adhesion tested shall be heated in an air atmosphere to the following applicable temperature, held at heat within 15 F (8 C) for not less than 2 hours, and cooled in still air. WARNING: The following are destructive tests and parts so tested are not acceptable for shipment. 3.4.3.1.1 Parts or test p

36、anels made of low-alloy steels, such as AMS6304, and martensitic or precipitation-hardenable corrosion resistant steels, such as AMS5616 or AMS5643, shall be heated at 900 F (482 C). 3.4.3.1.2 Parts or test panels made of austenitic corrosion-resistant steels, such as AMS5640, and precipitation-hard

37、enable, corrosion and heat resistant steels, such as AMS5732, shall be heated at 1200 F (648 C). SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2411H Page 5 of 9 3.4.3.1.3 Parts or test panels made of precipitation-hardenable, corrosion and heat resistant nickel alloys, such as AMS5709, shall be heated at 1400 F (760 C). 3.4

38、.3.1.4 Parts or test panels made of materials of a type not listed in 3.4.3.1.1 through 3.4.3.1.3 shall be heated at the temperature specified on the drawing or as directed by the cognizant engineering organization. 3.4.3.2 After heating as in 3.4.3.1, parts or test panels shall be examined at 10X m

39、agnification. Parts shall be free of blisters and of indications of poor bond such as flaking and lifting of the plating. Small blisters are acceptable provided the parts meet the adherence requirements of 3.4.3.3. Small blisters are limited to no more than 25 blisters in a square inch with no inter

40、connecting blisters permitted. Blisters 0.015 inch (0.38 mm) and larger in diameter, measured under 10X magnification are not acceptable. 3.4.3.3 After visual examination as in 3.4.3.2, parts or test panels, shall be shear or chisel-tested in accordance with ASTM B 571. There shall be no signs of pe

41、eling of the plating from the underlying metal except where the chiseling or whittling action cuts through blisters permitted by 3.4.3.2. If parts show lifting and/or peeling, or both, of the plating except where the cutting is through blisters, all parts of the lot represented shall be rejected unl

42、ess there is indication of shearing or cutting effect on the plating adjacent to the area from which blisters have been removed. 3.4.4 Hydrogen Embrittlement The plating process shall not cause hydrogen embrittlement in steel parts, determined in accordance with 4.3.3.2. 3.5 Quality 3.5.1 Plating, a

43、s received by purchaser, shall be smooth, continuous, adherent to basis metal, uniform in appearance and visually free from pin holes, blisters, nodules, pits, and other imperfections detrimental to usage of the parts. Slight staining or discoloration is permissible. There shall be no evidence of el

44、ectrical arcing or local overheating. 3.5.2 Silver plate which is to be machined shall be free from excessive modulation or treeing at edges. Finished parts shall be free from visible pits excessive porosity, and other imperfections detrimental to fabrication or to performance of parts. 3.5.3 Abrasi

45、on of plating on corners and edges of threaded fasteners is acceptable but plate shall be continuous on threads. Marking of the cone section of self-locking nuts, produced in offsetting the locking beams or other deformation, is acceptable. 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for Insp

46、ection The processor shall supply all samples for processors tests and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. When parts are required for tests, such parts shall be supplied by purchaser. The cognizant engineering organization reserves the right to sample and to perform any

47、confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that processing conforms to specified requirements. 4.2 Classification of Tests 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests Thickness (3.4.1), adhesion (3.4.3), and quality (3.5) are acceptance tests and shall be performed on parts, or specimens representing parts when per

48、mitted, from each lot. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2411H Page 6 of 9 4.2.2 Periodic Tests Composition (3.4.2) is a periodic test and shall be performed at least once in each calendar quarter that parts are processed. Tests of cleaning and plating solutions are periodic tests and shall be performed at a fre

49、quency established by the processor unless frequency of testing is specified by the cognizant engineering organization (See 4.4.3 and 8.4). Hydrogen embrittlement (3.4.4) is a periodic test and shall be performed in accordance with 4.3.3.2 at least once each month that steel parts 36 HRC and over are processed, unless frequency of testing is specified by the cognizant engineering organization.