SAE AIR 1390A-1999 Convenient Location of Oxygen Masks for Both the Crew and Passengers of Aircraft《飞机乘务员和乘客的氧气面具的便利位置》.pdf

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1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there

2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2015 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p

3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497

4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AIR1390A AEROSPACE INFORMATION REPORT AIR1390 REV. A Issued 1985-09 Revised 1999-

5、03 Reaffirmed 2015-03 Superseding AIR1390 Convenient Location of Oxygen Masks for Both the Crew and Passengers of Aircraft RATIONALE AIR1390A has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE five-year review policy. FOREWORDChanges in this revision are format/editorial only.INTRODUCTIONThe purpose of this

6、 document is to provide basic guidelines for use by aircraft interior designers so that oxygen masks connected to oxygen supply systems and oxygen masks made available for use by passengers and crew members are readily accessible and the total system utilized in the event the necessity arises for us

7、e of oxygen during flight operations.1. SCOPE:There are four basic conditions requiring the dispensing of oxygen through oxygen masks to aircraft occupants in turbine powered aircraft during flight.The following conditions are derived from the Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) as listed in Section2

8、.Condition 1: When the mission of the pressurized aircraft or the operational flight capability is in excess of flight level 300.All cabin occupants must be serviced by an automatic oxygen mask presentation system connected to an operational oxygen source which is activated automatically and/or oxyg

9、en flow initiated by the occupant displacing the actuating mechanism when pulling and placing the mask in position on his face in the event of an emergency pressurization failure. An additional 10% of oxygen masks and outlets are to be provided, uniformly distributed throughout the cabin of the airc

10、raft.Masks, attached to an operational oxygen source and immediately available (ready position), must be provided each flight deck crew member. Observers must have emergency oxygen, either passenger or crew type.1. (Continued):Condition 2: When the mission of the pressurized aircraft or the operatio

11、nal altitude of the aircraft is not in excess of flight level 300, but above flight level 250.Oxygen masks which are stowed connected to an oxygen supply and can be obtained immediately by each cabin occupant wherever seated when the aircraft is operating above flight level 250, must be available in

12、 the event of an emergency pressurization failure.Demand masks, connected to an operational source, must also be immediately available and within easy access of each flight deck crew member. Observers must have emergency oxygen, either passenger or crew type.Condition 3: When the mission of the pres

13、surized aircraft or the operational altitude of the aircraft is between 10,000 feet and flight level 250.Oxygen masks, which have been distributed or are stowed and are readily accessible to each cabin occupant when the aircraft is operating above 10,000 feet, must be available in the event of an em

14、ergency pressurization failure.Oxygen masks, connected to an operational source, must also be available and within easy access of each flight deck crew member and observer.Condition 4: When the mission of a non-pressurized aircraft is operating above 12,500 feet.Oxygen masks which can be connected t

15、o an operational oxygen source must be available and distributable to all occupants of the aircraft during such flight operations.This document defines the accessibility requirements which should be considered in the placement of oxygen masks for presentation to the user and the connections for such

16、 oxygen masks to the operational oxygen systems. This is of interest when designing the interior of the aircraft, placing the seats in relationship to such outlets and mask connections, or placing oxygen mask outlets in relationship to the seats.Certain Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs) cover the

17、functional characteristics and requirements of the oxygen systems for aircraft in the mission and operational categories defined above. These should be referred to for the exact functional performance requirements. It is not the intent of this document to insure conformance with these regulations, b

18、ut only to recommend general concepts for the location of the oxygen masks and oxygen system outlets for proper accessibility by the aircraft occupants, whether cabin occupants or crew members. Nor does this document provide any technical information for oxygen system design or function. Please refe

19、r to other SAE documents for such information.SAE INTERNATIONAL AIR1390A 2 OF 182. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS:2.1 Government Documents:FAR Part 25 Airworthiness Standards, Transport Category AircraftFAR Part 121 Certification and Operations: Domestic, Flag and Supplemental Air Carriers and Commercial Opera

20、tors of Large AircraftFAR Part 91 General Operating and Flight RulesFAR Part 23 Airworthiness Standards: Normal, Utility and Acrobatic Category AirplanesTSO AuthorizationsTSO-C64 Oxygen Mask Assembly, Continuous Flow, Passenger (For Air Carrier Aircraft)TSO-C78 Crew Member Demand Oxygen MasksTSO-C89

21、 Oxygen Regulators, DemandTSO-C99 Protective Breathing EquipmentTSO-C103 Oxygen Mask Assembly, Continuous Flow (For Non-Transport Category Aircraft)2.2 SAE Documents:AS452A Oxygen Mask Assembly, Demand and Pressure Breathing, CrewAIR822 Oxygen Systems for General Aviation AircraftAIR825 Oxygen Equip

22、ment for AircraftAIR847 Oxygen Equipment for Commercial Transport Aircraft Which Fly Above 45,000 ft (13,716 m)AS861 Oxygen Systems, Minimum General Standards forAIR1069 Crew Oxygen Requirements Up to a Maximum Altitude of 45,000 ft (13,716 m)AIR1169 Oxygen, Effects of, on Ignition and Combustion of

23、 Materials, Bibliography of References Pertaining toAS1194 Oxygen, Regulator, Diluter Demand, Automatic Pressure Breathing (This document supersedes and cancels in Part AS463)AS1197 Oxygen Regulator, Continuous Flow (This document supersedes and cancels in Part AS463)AS1224A Continuous Flow General

24、Aviation Oxygen Masks2.3 Others:FAA Technical Reports ADS-20, June 1964SAE INTERNATIONAL AIR1390A 3 OF 183. ACCESSIBILITY TO OXYGEN MASKS AND OXYGEN SYSTEM OUTLETS FOR AIRCRAFT CABIN OCCUPANTS:3.1 Recommendations for “Condition 1”:When the aircraft is operated above flight level 300, masks must be a

25、utomatically presented to all cabin occupants when required. These masks must be presented within reach and sight of each cabin occupant when seated with seat belt fastened as defined by Figure 1. The masks are to be presented at an appropriate altitude during the rise of the cabin pressure altitude

26、.prior to an altitude of 15,000 ft. The masks are usually stowed in a recess area provided with a door1 that automatically opens as a result of the function of the system and either allows the mask to fall in front of the occupant or to be presented still affixed to the door of the assembly, or be a

27、vailable to the occupant and readily visible to, and reachable by, the occupant in his seated position. The receptacle or storage boxes for the masks can be located overhead, in the backs of the seats, the bulkhead in front of the occupant, or in the sidewalls of the aircraft adjacent to the individ

28、ual seat, depending on aircraft interior configuration.Flow of oxygen into the mask may be started automatically at the time the masks are presented or by the occupant taking the mask from its “ready” position and placing it on his face, which activates a mechanical device initiating oxygen flow int

29、o the mask hose. In some installations, a mask may drop from a ceiling stowage box or service module to a distance within reach of the occupant, tethered by a length of hose or lanyard. The act of pulling the mask further to the face causes the hose or lanyard to activate a device in the oxygen serv

30、ice module, initiating flow of oxygen into the mask hose assembly. When taken from inside the door of the oxygen service module or inside the box, the same lanyard or attachment device to the dispensing mechanism starts the flow into the hose and the mask. In either case, it must not be possible for

31、 the occupant to apply the mask to the face without activating the flow mechanism. These requirements then necessitate that an area of reach of a given size occupant be defined in “reach arcs” or areas to the front, sides, and above the occupant. To obtain the dimension area in relation to the seat,

32、 a normally proportioned 5 ft (1.52 m) person has been used. Figures 1 through 3 of this document define the area into which masks should be made available in accordance with the above conditions.Since mask accessibility is of the utmost urgency in case of a rapid decompression, under the seat or lo

33、wer locations around the seat should not be considered, because of possible inconvenience, confusion and delays in obtaining the mask.3.2 Recommendations for “Condition 2”:Oxygen requirements for occupants under “Condition 2” are not quite so severe as at the higher altitude. It is necessary however

34、, for the occupants well-being that he receive oxygen as rapidly as possible and therefore, an automatic system should be considered. It is necessary that oxygen masks be immediately available to all occupants of the cabin and that these masks be already connected to oxygen outlets which will provid

35、e appropriate oxygen flow requirements in relation to the cabin pressure altitude. The outlets must be easily accessible to each individual occupant, either 1. The door primarily protects the masks and other equipment in the mask stowage box from dirt, damage, and tampering.SAE INTERNATIONAL AIR1390

36、A 4 OF 18in the arms of the seats, on the sidewalls of the cabin, or on the backs of the seats in front of the occupant (if not, an automatic presentation system as required for Condition 1 must be provided).Serious considerations should be given to installing the automatic presentation-type system

37、as suggested in “Condition 1” if the aircraft is certified for flight operations above flight level 250, because Federal Aviation Requirements necessitate that oxygen masks be distributed to occupants and be connected to the supply source during operations between flight level 250 and 300. Locations

38、 should be within the limits set forth in Figures 4 through 9.3.3 Recommendations for “Condition 3”:Requirements for oxygen by occupants under “Condition 3” are less physiologically stringent than those required for “Condition 2”, as the operational altitude will not exceed flight level 250. However

39、, it is necessary that oxygen masks be available and that oxygen outlets be accessible for 100% of the occupants of pressurized aircraft operating between 12,500 feet altitude and flight level 250, and that these be easily distributable to all of the occupants in the event of a pressurization failur

40、e.Therefore, it is required that all the oxygen outlets which are a part of the operational oxygen system, be readily visible to all occupants and well within the reach definitions defined in Figures 7 through 9 of this document.3.4 Recommendations for “Condition 4”:Oxygen is provided for passengers

41、 on the following schedule:10 percent after 30 minutes at altitudes between 10,000 and 14,000 feet, 30% at altitudes between 14,000 ft and 15,000 feet, and all passengers above altitude of 15,000 ft.All occupants must be provided with oxygen masks that may be easily connected and have hoses of suffi

42、cient length to accommodate all occupants. Reasonable locations for outlets are defined in Figures 7 through 9 of this document.4. ACCESSIBILITY TO OXYGEN MASKS FOR AIRCRAFT FLIGHT DECK CREW MEMBERS:4.1 Recommendations for “Condition 1”:Pressurization loss above flight level 300 can be serious, in t

43、hat the cabin pressure altitude approaches the operational altitude very rapidly. Therefore, donning the mask and immediately breathing oxygen is essential and the first step prior to any emergency procedures by crew members.It is necessary that a crew member have easy access to an oxygen mask which

44、 is connected to an oxygen source which supplies oxygen in accordance with the cabin pressure altitude requirements to maintain his operational well-being. It is required that the crew member be able to grasp an oxygen mask of “rapid donning” design from the “ready” position with one hand and easily

45、 place the mask in proper and secure position on his face. He shall be breathing oxygen, and able to communicate within a maximum time period of five seconds from the time an indication of a pressurization failure SAE INTERNATIONAL AIR1390A 5 OF 18has occurred.Since crew member seats are sometimes p

46、rovided with adjustment in three directions.1) up and down, 2) side by side, 3) forward and reverse.the area location for ready donning, or what is termed to be in the “ready” position, is extremely important and is restricted. This area is defined in Figure10 for the left hand side of a crew member

47、 (opposite for the right hand side of a crew member). The crew member should be keenly aware of the location of his mask and experienced in obtaining it with the proper hand-hold so that donning the mask is a “reflex” reaction.4.2 Recommendations for “Condition 2”:Since the operational altitude rela

48、ted to this condition is between flight level 250 and flight level 300, and a cabin pressurization failure is still somewhat critical, the same considerations must be given to the location in a “ready” position of the “quick donning” type mask assembly. Therefore, all crew members on flight deck dut

49、y, and the observer, should be provided with masks situated conveniently as defined in Figure 10.4.3 Recommendations for “Condition 3”:Operations of pressurized aircraft between 10,000 feet and flight level 250 tend to be less critical as far as the urgency for oxygen is concerned. In some cases, a different type of oxygen system for crew members is utilized if the limitation of the aircraft flight altitude is based on flight level 250. It is