NSF 401-2014 Drinking Water Treatment Units - Emerging Compounds Incidental Contaminants.pdf

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1、NSF International Standard / American National StandardNSF/ANSI 401 - 2014 Drinking Water Treatment Units - Emerging Compounds/IncidentalComponentsNSF International, an independent, not-for-profit, non-governmental organization, is dedicated to being the leading global provider of public health and

2、safety-based risk management solutions while serving the interests of all stakeholders. This Standard is subject to revision. Contact NSF to confirm this revision is current. Users of this Standard may request clarifications and interpretations, or propose revisions by contacting: Chair, Joint Commi

3、ttee on Drinking Water Treatment Units c/o NSF International 789 North Dixboro Road, P. O. Box 130140 Ann Arbor, Michigan 48113-0140 USA Phone: (734) 769-8010 Telex: 753215 NSF INTL FAX: (734) 769-0109 E-mail: infonsf.org Web: http:/www.nsf.org NSF/ANSI 4012014 i NSF International Standard/ American

4、 National Standard for Drinking Water Treatment Units Drinking water treatment units Emerging compounds/incidental contaminants Standard Developer NSF International NSF International Designated as an ANSI Standard August 19, 2014 American National Standards Institute ii Prepared by The NSF Joint Com

5、mittee on Drinking Water Treatment Units Published by NSF International PO Box 130140, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48113-0140, USA For ordering copies or for making inquiries with regard to this Standard, please reference the designation “NSF/ANSI 401 2014.” Copyright 2014 NSF International Unless otherwise

6、 specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from NSF International. Printed in the United States of America. iii Disclaimers1NSF, in performing its fun

7、ctions in accordance with its objectives, does not assume or undertake to discharge any responsibility of the manufacturer or any other party. The opinions and findings of NSF represent its professional judgment. NSF shall not be responsible to anyone for the use of or reliance upon this Standard by

8、 anyone. NSF shall not incur any obligation or liability for damages, including consequential damages, arising out of or in connection with the use, interpretation of, or reliance upon this Standard. NSF Standards provide basic criteria to promote sanitation and protection of the public health. Prov

9、isions for mechanical and electrical safety have not been included in this Standard because governmental agencies or other national standards-setting organizations provide safety requirements. Participation in NSF Standards development activities by regulatory agency representatives (federal, local,

10、 state) shall not constitute their agencys endorsement of NSF or any of its Standards. Preference is given to the use of performance criteria measurable by examination or testing in NSF Standards development when such performance criteria may reasonably be used in lieu of design, materials, or const

11、ruction criteria. The illustrations, if provided, are intended to assist in understanding their adjacent standard requirements. However, the illustrations may not include all requirements for a specific product or unit, nor do they show the only method of fabricating such arrangements. Such partial

12、drawings shall not be used to justify improper or incomplete design and construction. Unless otherwise referenced, the annexes are not considered an integral part of NSF Standards. The annexes are provided as general guidelines to the manufacturer, regulatory agency, user, or certifying organization

13、. 1The information contained in this Disclaimer is not part of this American National Standard (ANS) and has not been processed in accordance with ANSIs requirements for an ANS. Therefore, this Disclaimer may contain material that has not been subjected to public review or a consensus process. In ad

14、dition, it does not contain requirements necessary for conformance to the Standard. iv This page is intentionally left blank.v Contents 1 General . 1 1.1 Purpose 1 1.2 Scope . 1 1.3 Alternate materials, designs, and construction . 1 1.4 Chemical and mechanical reduction performance claims . 1 1.5 Mi

15、nimum requirements 2 2 Normative references 2 3 Definitions . 3 4 Materials . 3 4.1 Materials in contact with drinking water . 3 4.2 Membrane preservatives . 4 4.3 Temperature resistance 4 4.4 Materials evaluation 4 4.5 Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) analysis 6 4.6 Materials in contact

16、 with the users mouth . 8 5 Structural performance 15 5.1 Structural integrity . 15 5.2 Acceptance . 15 5.3 Working pressure 16 5.4 Structural integrity test methods 16 6 Minimum performance requirements 22 6.1 Performance indication of chemical reduction capacity 22 6.2 Elements. 23 6.3 Flow contro

17、l 23 6.4 Drinking fountain outlets 24 6.5 Hazards 24 6.6 Systems used in bottled water plants. 24 6.7 Operation temperature 24 6.8 POE rated pressure drop 24 6.9 Minimum service flow 24 6.10 Rated service flow 25 6.11 Active agents and additives. 25 7 Elective performance claims test methods 26 7.1

18、General requirements . 26 7.2 Chemical reduction claims . 28 8 Instruction and information . 33 8.1 Installation, operation, and maintenance instructions . 33 8.2 Data plate 35 8.3 Replacement components . 36 8.4 Performance data sheet 36 Annex A . A1 Annex B . B1 Annex C . C1 vi This page is intent

19、ionally left blank.vii Foreword2The purpose of this Standard is to establish minimum requirements for materials, design and construction, and performance of drinking water treatment systems that are designed to reduce emerging compounds in public or private water supplies, such as pharmaceutical, pe

20、rsonal care products (PPCPs), and endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). While standards have existed to evaluate treatment products designed to reduce a wide range of potential compounds and contaminants in drinking water, there have been none for emerging compounds. These compounds have an increas

21、ing awareness among consumers and a desired demonstration of reduction among product manufacturers causing the need for proper methods of test and criteria. In 2008, a task group was formed and charged with making recommendations to the Joint Committee regarding the feasibility of producing a standa

22、rd (or standards) for EDCs and PPCPs. A subtask group was also formed in 2008 and charged with surveying data on target compounds and classes of compounds and to evaluate the state of analytical capabilities for these compounds. The initial list of contaminants included in this Standard represent id

23、entified pharmaceutical, personal care and EDC compounds that have been identified in published studies as occurring with the highest frequency, and/or at the highest levels of those compounds identified and studied. While occurring at levels well below any known or measured health effect, the mere

24、presence of these compounds in drinking water has resulted in increased concern on the part of consumers. It is anticipated that with the advancement of science additional compounds or classes of compounds will be identified that will result in similar levels of concern for consumers. It is envision

25、ed that NSF/ANSI 401 can become the repository for these contaminants. It has been discussed that should future toxicological studies and/or research determine that any of the compounds in this Standard pose health risks at the concentrations in this Standard, that the claims should be removed from

26、this Standard and re-established in the appropriate health effects standard (e.g., NSF/ANSI 53). This Standard was developed by the NSF Joint Committee on Drinking Water Treatment Units using the consensus process described by the American National Standards Institute. Suggestions for improvement of

27、 this Standard are welcome. This Standard is maintained on a Continuous Maintenance schedule and can be opened for comment at any time. Comments should be sent to Chair, Joint Committee on Drinking Water Treatment Units at standardsnsf.org, or c/o NSF International, Standards Department, P.O. Box 13

28、0140, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48113-0140, USA. 2The information contained in this Foreword is not part of this American National Standard (ANS) and has not been processed in accordance with ANSIs requirements for an ANS. Therefore, this Foreword may contain material that has not been subjected to public

29、 review or a consensus process. In addition, it does not contain requirements necessary for conformance to the Standard. viii This page is intentionally left blank.1 2014 NSF NSF/ANSI 401 2014 NSF/ANSI Standard for Drinking Water Treatment Units Drinking water treatment units Emerging compounds/inci

30、dental contaminants 1 General 1.1 Purpose It is the purpose of this Standard to establish minimum requirements for materials, design and construction, and performance of drinking water treatment systems that are designed to reduce specific emerging compounds/incidental contaminants in public or priv

31、ate water supplies, such as pharmaceutical, personal care products, and endocrine disrupting compounds. This Standard also specifies the minimum product literature and labeling information that a manufacturer shall supply to authorized representatives and system owners as well as the minimum service

32、-related obligations that the manufacturer shall extend to system owners. 1.2 Scope The point-of-use and point-of-entry systems addressed by this Standard are designed to be used for the reduction of specific substances that may be present in drinking water (public or private) considered to be micro

33、biologically safe and of known quality. Systems covered under this Standard are intended to reduce substances that are at very low, yet measurable concentrations but not at definitive concentrations of known health concern. These substances may be soluble or particulate in nature but their presence,

34、 even at very low concentrations, may influence public acceptance/perception of the drinking water quality. The systems addressed by this Standard are not intended for reducing these specific substances at higher concentrations that may have a known acute or chronic health effect. It is recognized t

35、hat a system may be effective in reducing one or more of the emerging compounds/incidental contaminants listed in this Standard. It is not necessary that a device be able to reduce all the Emerging Compounds/Incidental Contaminants listed in order to meet the requirements of this Standard. Systems w

36、ith components or functions covered under other NSF or NSF/ANSI standards or criteria shall conform to the applicable requirements therein. 1.3 Alternate materials, designs, and construction While specific materials, designs, and construction may be stipulated in this Standard, systems that incorpor

37、ate alternate materials, designs, and construction may be acceptable when it is verified that such systems meet the applicable requirements stated herein. 1.4 Chemical and mechanical reduction performance claims 1.4.1 All NSF/ANSI 401 performance claims shall be verified and substantiated by test da

38、ta generated under the requirements of NSF/ANSI 401. 1.4.2 When performance claims are made for substances not specifically addressed in the scope of 2 this Standard or for substances not specifically addressed but falling under the scope of NSF/ANSI 401, such claims shall be identified as not speci

39、fically addressed in the Standard. 1.5 Minimum requirements This Standard establishes minimum requirements. A system as defined in this Standard shall meet the applicable requirements of 4, 5, 6, and 8, and at least one performance claim as described in 7. A component as defined in this Standard sha

40、ll meet the requirements of 4 and 8. If the component is pressure-bearing, it shall also meet the applicable requirements of 5. A commercial modular system as defined in this Standard shall meet the applicable requirements of 4, 5, 6, and 8, and at least one performance claim as described in 7. Mani

41、folds of commercial modular systems shall meet the requirements of 4, 5 (if pressure bearing), and 8, and shall be evaluated as stand-alone components. Manifolds shall have a minimum internal diameter such that the water velocity in the manifold will not exceed 3 m (10 ft) per second (which can be c

42、alculated based upon the system flow rate and the manifold internal diameter). Individual modular elements evaluated as a manifold and modular element combination shall meet the applicable requirements of 4, 5, 6, and 8, and at least one performance claim as described in 7. 2 Normative references Th

43、e following documents contain requirements that, by reference in this text, constitute requirements of this Standard. At the time of publication, the indicated editions were valid. All of the documents are subject to revision and parties are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the

44、recent editions of the documents indicated below. The most recent published edition of the document shall be used for undated references. ANSI/NFPA 70, 2011, National Electrical Code3APHA, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, twentieth edition4NSF/ANSI 51, Food Equipment Mat

45、erials NSF/ANSI 53, Drinking water treatment units Health effects NSF/ANSI 60, Drinking water treatment chemicals Health effects NSF/ANSI 61, Drinking water system components Health effects NSF/ANSI 330, Glossary of Drinking Water Treatment Unit Terminology USEPA-600/4-79-020, Methods for the Chemic

46、al Analysis of Water and Wastes, March 19835USEPA-600/4-84/053, Methods for Organic Chemical Analysis of Municipal and Industrial Wastewater, June 19845 3National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269 . 4American Public Health Association (APHA), 800 I Street, NW,

47、 Washington, DC 20001 . 5USEPA, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268 . 3 USEPA-600/R-94/111, Methods for the Determination of Metals in Environmental Samples, Supplement 1, May 19945USEPA-90/020, Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water, S

48、upplement 1, July 19905USEPA, Guidelines Establishing Test Procedures for the Analysis of Pollutants, 40 CFR Part 1366 USEPA, National Primary Drinking Water Regulations, 40 CFR Part 1416 USEPA, National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations, 40 CFR Part 1436USFDA Code of Federal Regulations, Title 2

49、1, (Food and Drugs) Direct Food Additive Sub-stances Parts 170 through 199, April 1, 19926 3 Definitions Terms used in this Standard that have special technical meaning are defined in NSF/ANSI 330. 4 Materials 4.1 Materials in contact with drinking water 4.1.1 POE drinking water treatment units shall conform to the protocol and criteria in NSF/ANSI 61. 4.1.2 POU drinking water treatment units shall conform to the protocol and criteria in this section. 4.1.3 Acceptance criteria 4.1.3.1 Materials in contact with drinking water shall not impart levels of target