NFPA 1999-2018 Standard on Protective Clothing and Ensembles for Emergency Medical Operations (Effective Date 8 21 2017).pdf

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1、 NFPA 1999 Standard on Protective Clothing and Ensembles for Emergency Medical Operations 2018ISBN: 978-145591733-4 (Print) ISBN: 978-145591734-1 (PDF) ISBN: 978-145591783-9 (eBook) IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING NFPA STANDARDS NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY CONCERNING THE USE OF N

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31、A codes and standards can be viewed at no cost at www.nfpa.org/docinfo.1999-1 NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169. Copyright 2017 National Fire Protection Association . All Rights Reserved. N

32、FPA 1999 Standard on Protective Clothing and Ensembles for Emergency Medical Operations 2018 Edition This edition of NFPA 1999, Standard on Protective Clothing and Ensembles for Emergency Medical Operations, was prepared by the Technical Committee on Emergency Medical Services Protective Clothing an

33、d Equipment and released by the Correlating Committee on Fire and Emergency Services Protective Clothing and Equipment. It was issued by the Standards Council on August 1, 2017, with an effective date of August 21, 2017, and supersedes all previous editions. This document has been amended by one or

34、more Tentative Interim Amendments (TIAs) and/or Errata. See “Codes & Standards” at www.nfpa.org for more information. This edition of NFPA 1999 was approved as an American National Standard on August 21, 2017. Origin and Development of NFPA 1999 This standard was developed to address protective garm

35、ents, gloves, and facewear designed that protect persons providing emergency medical care against exposure to liquid-borne pathogens during emergency medical operations. NFPA 1999 denes minimum performance for protective clothing as required by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA

36、) Final Rule (29 CFR 1910.1030) Protecting Health Care Workers from Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens. The Final Rule states: “When there is occupational exposure, the employer shall provide at no cost to the employee, appropriate personal protective equipment, such as, but not limited t

37、o, gloves, gowns, laboratory coats, face shields or masks, and eye protection, and mouthpieces, resuscitation bags, pocket masks, or other ventilation devices. Personal protective equipment will be considered appropriate only if it does not permit blood or other potential infectious materials to pas

38、s through to or reach the employees work clothes, street clothes, undergarments, skin, eyes, mouth, or other mucous membranes under normal conditions of use and for the duration of time which the protective equipment will be used.” NFPA 1999 offers specic performance criteria that involve exposing p

39、rotective clothing materials to surrogate virus challenge utilizing a specic time and pressure protocol. This procedure has been documented to discriminate between current protective clothing materials and to correlate with visual penetration results that are obtained with a human factors evaluation

40、. Each type of clothing must resist penetration to blood-borne pathogens as determined by this test. Additional garment requirements cover overall liquidtight integrity, material strength, physical hazard resistance, seam strength, and closure strength. Additional requirements for gloves cover minim

41、um performance for tensile and elongation properties in an “as received” condition as well as following heat aging and isopropyl alcohol immersion, minimum sizing, and liquidtight integrity for intended areas of penetration. Additional requirements for facewear or face protection devices cover adequ

42、ate visibility and integrity, in addition to resisting penetration of blood-borne pathogens. The selection of test methods and performance requirements was based on surveys of emergency medical services (EMS) personnel and a technical study supported by the U.S. Fire Administration. The Subcommittee

43、 on Hazardous Chemicals Protective Clothing began its work on the rst edition of this document in 1990 and passed on its work to the Technical Committee on Fire Service Protective Clothing and Equipment in January 1991. The rst edition was presented to the Association at the 1992 Annual Meeting in N

44、ew Orleans, LA. Since the rst edition in 1992, the entire project for re service protective clothing and equipment was reorganized in January 1995 by the Standards Council. The new project had aPROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND ENSEMBLES FOR EMERGENCY MEDICAL OPERATIONS 1999-2 2018 Edition Technical Correlati

45、ng Committee on Fire and Emergency Services Protective Clothing and Equipment and eight technical committees operating within it. The Technical Committee on Emergency Medical Services Protective Clothing and Equipment was now responsible for NFPA 1999. In 1997, the second edition incorporated single

46、-use and reusable items of EMS protective clothing. Prior to that edition, there was no differentiation between single-use and reusable items. Items that were reused might not have continued to provide biopenetration barrier protection. Reusable items could be advantageous and cost-effective for cer

47、tain items of EMS clothing such as garments. Durability conditioning was added to the test methods of items that would be identied as not for single use only. EMS gloves remained single-use items only. This was consistent with NFPA 1581, Standard on Fire Department Infection Control Program. EMS glo

48、ves were also newly required to be an FDA registered medical device. The rst edition allowed partial body garments, such as sleeve covers or apron-type gowns, and also allowed the biopenetration barrier protection to be less in area than the area covered by the garment (such as only the front of a s

49、mock or jacket having the biopenetration barrier protection). The second edition continued to permit partial body garments but did not allow partial biopenetration barrier protection in a garment. Biopenetration barrier protection was required for the full area covered by the garment. Test methods were completely reformatted to present consistency in test methods and to assure that all key elements of a test were given within the method. The third edition of NFPA 1999 was reformatted into the new style for all NFPA codes and standards and, therefore, the c