NEMA ICS 1-2000 Industrial Control and Systems General Requirements《工业控制装置和系统的一般要求》.pdf

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1、NEMA Standards PublicationNational Electrical Manufacturers AssociationNEMA ICS 1-2000 (R2015)Industrial Control and Systems General RequirementsNEMA Standards Publication No. ICS 1-2000 (R2005, R2008, R2015) Industrial Control and Systems General Requirements Published by National Electrical Manufa

2、cturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 900 Rosslyn, VA 22209 www.nema.org 2008 National Electrical Manufacturers Association. All rights, including translation into other languages, reserved under the Universal Copyright Convention, the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and

3、Artistic Works, and the International and Pan American copyright conventions. 2008 National Electrical Manufacturers Association NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER The information in this publication was considered technically sound by the consensus of persons engaged in the development and approval of the docum

4、ent at the time it was developed. Consensus does not necessarily mean that there is unanimous agreement among every person participating in the development of this document. NEMA standards and guideline publications, of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a voluntary co

5、nsensus standards development process. This process brings together volunteers and/or seeks out the views of persons who have an interest in the topic covered by this publication. While NEMA administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does no

6、t write the document and it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy or completeness of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards and guideline publications. NEMA disclaims liability for any personal injury, property, or other damages of any na

7、ture whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, application, or reliance on this document. NEMA disclaims and makes no guaranty or warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of any info

8、rmation published herein, and disclaims and makes no warranty that the information in this document will fulfill any of your particular purposes or needs. NEMA does not undertake to guarantee the performance of any individual manufacturer or sellers products or services by virtue of this standard or

9、 guide. In publishing and making this document available, NEMA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity, nor is NEMA undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his

10、 or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. Information and other standards on the topic covered by this publication may be available from other sources, which the user may

11、 wish to consult for additional views or information not covered by this publication. NEMA has no power, nor does it undertake to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this document. NEMA does not certify, test, or inspect products, designs, or installations for safety or health purposes

12、. Any certification or other statement of compliance with any health- or safety-related information in this document shall not be attributable to NEMA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. General Requirements NEMA ICS 1-2000 (R2005, R2008, R2015) Page i 2008 N

13、ational Electrical Manufacturers Association Contents Foreword iv Introduction vii 1 General 1 1.1 Referenced standards 1 1.2 Scope 2 1.3 Relation to Product Standards 2 2 Definitions 2 3 Classification 13 4 Characteristics and ratings 13 4.1 General . 13 4.1.1 Basis of rating . 13 4.1.2 Rating of c

14、ontrol apparatus . 13 4.1.3 Rating of a controller . 13 4.2 Rated operational or utilization voltages (Ue) . 14 4.3 Frequency ratings . 14 4.4 Operating overload . 14 4.5 Undervoltage release devices (low-voltage release devices) 14 4.6 Undervoltage protection devices (low-voltage protection devices

15、) 15 4.7 Overload devices 15 5 Product marking, installation and maintenance information . 15 5.1 Installation and maintenance 15 5.2 Apparatus handling guidelines 15 5.2.1 General . 15 5.2.2 Guidelines . 15 5.3 Terminations 16 5.4 Preventive maintenance of industrial control and systems equipment 1

16、6 6 Service and storage conditions . 16 6.1 Usual service and installation conditions 16 6.1.1 Range of application temperatures 16 6.1.2 Altitude . 16 6.1.3 Range of operating voltage and frequency 17 6.1.4 Other service and installation conditions 17 6.1.5 Environmental protection 17 6.2 Storage t

17、emperature . 18 7 Construction . 18 7.1 Insulation requirements 18 7.2 Spacings 18 7.2.1 General requirements . 18 7.2.2 Exceptions . 19 7.2.3 Measurement of spacings 22 7.3 Terminations . 22 7.4 Protection of semiconductors in circuits . 22 7.4.1 Disconnecting means for semiconductor circuits . 22

18、7.4.2 Overcurrent protection for semiconductor circuits . 22 7.4.3 Transient voltage protection 22 7.4.4 Protection against loss of forced cooling 23 7.5 Control-circuit overcurrent protection . 23 7.5.1 Common control source without control-circuit transformer 23 NEMA ICS 1-2000 (R2005, R2008, R201

19、5) General Requirements Page ii 2008 National Electrical Manufacturers Association 7.5.2 Common control source with control-circuit transformer . 27 7.5.3 Control transformer secondary-circuit conductor protection 28 7.5.4 Special applications 28 7.5.5 External control source . 28 7.5.6 Interrupting

20、 ratings 29 7.5.7 Accessory kits . 29 7.6 Color coding of wiring . 29 7.7 Markings of coils . 29 7.8 Product safety labels . 30 7.8.1 General . 30 7.8.2 Warning symbol 30 7.8.3 Other labels or markings 30 8 Performance requirements and tests 30 8.1 Design tests, general 31 8.2 Test conditions 31 8.2

21、.1 Altitude . 31 8.2.2 Ambient temperature during tests 31 8.2.3 Copper conductor size selection for testing . 31 8.2.4 Control-circuit devices. 31 8.2.5 Power-circuit devices 31 8.2.6 Specified wires 33 8.3 Temperature rise . 34 8.3.1 Temperature rise test procedure 34 8.3.2 Temperature rise of coi

22、ls 34 8.3.3 Temperature rise of current-carrying parts . 36 8.4 Dielectric withstand . 38 8.4.1 Dielectric test fundamentals . 38 8.4.2 Points of application 39 8.4.3 Dielectric tests . 39 8.4.4 Test apparatus 39 8.4.5 Measurement of test voltage 40 8.4.6 Duration of test voltage . 40 8.4.7 Ambient

23、test conditions . 40 8.4.8 Test values 40 8.4.9 Test criteria 40 8.4.10 Impulse test . 41 8.5 Vibration . 41 8.5.1 Requirements 41 8.5.2 Test method 41 8.5.3 Test criteria 42 8.6 Shock 42 8.6.1 Requirements 42 8.6.2 Test method 42 8.6.3 Shock machine calibration 42 8.6.4 Test criteria 43 8.7 Electri

24、cal noise 43 8.8 Operating voltage tests . 43 8.9 Application tests 43 8.9.1 Bounce time for control-circuit devices. 43 8.9.2 Determination of operating characteristics of contactors and relays . 46 8.10 Production tests 46 8.10.1 Factory test for industrial systems 46 8.10.2 Performance testing, g

25、eneral . 46 General Requirements NEMA ICS 1-2000 (R2005, R2008, R2015) Page iii 2008 National Electrical Manufacturers Association Annex A 47 SPACINGS VERIFIED BY TESTING 47 A-1 General . 47 A-1.1 Status 47 A-1.2 Scope . 47 A-1.3 Introduction . 47 A-1.4 Performance standards 48 A-1.5 Units of measur

26、ement 48 A-2 Definitions . 48 A-3 Classification 49 A-3.1 Overvoltage category . 49 A-3.2 Overvoltage category interface elements 50 A-3.3 Material groups . 50 A-3.4 Partial discharge . 52 A-4 Rated insulation voltage . 52 A-4.1 Clearances . 52 A-4.2 Creepage 52 A-5 Marking of voltage rating 52 A-6

27、Service and installation conditions . 52 A-6.1 Macro-environment . 52 A-6.2 Micro-environment . 53 A-6.3 Relationship of the macro-environment to the micro-environment . 54 A-7 Construction . 55 A-7.1 Insulation requirements 55 A-7.2 Clearances . 57 A-7.3 Creepage 57 A-7.4 Printed wiring boards 60 A

28、-8 Performance requirements and tests 62 A-8.1 Clearances . 62 A-8.2 Creepage distances . 63 A-8.3 Solid insulation . 63 A-8.4 Dielectric tests 63 A-8.5 Overvoltages generated by the equipment or device . 66 Annex B TYPICAL IMPULSE TEST CIRCUIT 67 Annex C EXAMPLES OF CLEARANCE AND CREEPAGE MEASUREME

29、NT . 68 Annex D FLOWCHARTS FOR DETERMINING CLEARANCE AND CREEPAGE . 72 Annex E ELECTRICAL NOISE TESTS . 75 E-1 General . 75 E-2 Noise suppression 75 E-3 Noise generator 75 E-4 Coupling cable assembly . 76 E-5 Calibration procedure for noise generator and coupling cable assembly . 76 E-6.1 Noise inje

30、cted on input wiring 77 E-6.2 Noise injected on output wiring 77 E-6.3 Noise injected on power supply line wiring 77 NEMA ICS 1-2000 (R2005, R2008, R2015) General Requirements Page iv 2008 National Electrical Manufacturers Association Foreword This standards publication was prepared by a technical c

31、ommittee of the NEMA Industrial Automation Control Products and Systems Section. It was approved in accordance with the bylaws of NEMA and supersedes the indicated NEMA Standards Publication. This standards publication supersedes ICS 1-1993. This standards publication provides practical information

32、concerning ratings, construction, test, performance and manufacture of industrial control equipment. These standards are used by the electrical industry to provide guidelines for the manufacture and proper application of reliable products and equipment and to promote the benefits of repetitive manuf

33、acturing and widespread product availability. NEMA standards represent the result of many years of research, investigation, and experience by the members of NEMA, its predecessors, its sections and committees. They have been developed through continuing consultation among manufacturers, users and na

34、tional engineering societies and have resulted in improved serviceability of electrical products with economies to manufacturers and users. One of the primary purposes of this standards publication is to encourage the production of reliable control equipment which, in itself, functions in accordance

35、 with these accepted standards. Some portions of these standards, such as electrical spacings and interrupting ratings, have a direct bearing on safety; almost all of the items in this publication, when applied properly, contribute to safety in one way or another. Properly constructed industrial con

36、trol equipment is, however, only one factor in minimizing the hazards, which may be associated with the use of electricity. The reduction of hazard involves the joint efforts of the various equipment manufacturers, the system designer, the installer and the user. Information is provided herein to as

37、sist users and others in the proper selection of control equipment. The industrial control manufacturer has limited or no control over the following factors, which are vital to a safe installation: a. Environmental conditions b. System design c. Equipment selection and application d. Installation e.

38、 Operating practices f. Maintenance This publication is not intended to instruct the user of control equipment with regard to these factors except insofar as suitable equipment to meet needs can be recognized in this publication and some application guidance is given. This standards publication is n

39、ecessarily confined to defining the construction requirements for industrial control equipment and to providing recommendations for proper selection for use under normal or certain specific conditions. Since any piece of industrial control equipment can be installed, operated and maintained in such

40、a manner that hazardous conditions may result, conformance with this publication does not by itself assure a safe installation. When, however, equipment conforming with these standards is properly selected and is installed in accordance with the National Electrical Code and properly maintained, the

41、hazards to persons and property will be reduced. To continue to serve the best interests of users of Industrial Control and Systems equipment, the Industrial Control and Systems Section is actively cooperating with other standardization organizations in the development of simple and more universal m

42、etrology practices. In this publication, the U.S. customary units are gradually being supplemented by those of the modernized metric system known as the International General Requirements NEMA ICS 1-2000 (R2005, R2008, R2015) Page v 2008 National Electrical Manufacturers Association Systems of Units

43、 (SI). This transition involves no changes in standard dimensions, tolerances, or performance specifications. NEMA standards publications are subject to periodic review. They are revised frequently to reflect user input and to meet changing conditions and technical progress. Proposed revisions to th

44、is standards publication should be submitted to: Vice President, Technical Services National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 900 Rosslyn, VA 22209 This standards publication was developed by the Industrial Automation Control Products and Systems Section. Section ap

45、proval of the standard does not necessarily imply that all section members voted for its approval or participated in its development. At the time it was approved, the Industrial Automation Control Products and Systems Section consisted of the following members: ABB Control, Inc. Wichita Falls, TX Al

46、stom Drives and Controls, Inc. Pittsburgh, PA Automatic Switch Company Florham Park, NJ Balluff, Inc. Florence, KY Carlo Gavazzi, Inc. Buffalo Grove, IL CMC Torque Systems Billerica, MA Control Concepts Corporation Beaver, PA Cooper Bussman St. Louis, MO Cummins, Inc. Minneapolis, MN Cyberex Mentor,

47、 OH Eaton Corporation Milwaukee, WI Echelon Corporation Palo Alto, CA Electro Switch Corporation Weymouth, MA Elliott Control Company Hollister, CA Entrelec, Inc. Irving, TX Firetrol, Inc. Cary, NC Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc. Austin, TX GE Fanuc Automation Charlottesville, VA GE Industrial System

48、s Plainville, CT Hubbell Incorporated Madison, OH Joslyn Clark Controls, Inc. Lancaster, SC Lexington Switch live parts: Those parts that are designed to carry current or that are conductively connected therewith. connection diagram: See wiring diagram. construction diagram*: A diagram that shows th

49、e physical arrangement of parts, such as wiring, buses, resistor units, etc. Example: A diagram showing the arrangement of grids and terminals in a grid-type resistor. contactor: A two-state (ON-OFF) device for repeatedly establishing and interrupting an electric power circuit. Interruption is obtained by introducing a gap or a very large impedance. NEMA ICS 1-2000 (R2005, R2008, R2015) General Requi