[医学类试卷]医学博士外语模拟试卷20及答案与解析.doc

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1、医学博士外语模拟试卷 20 及答案与解析一、Section A（A）name（B） address（C） receipt（D）phone number（A）purposefully（B） accidentally（C） occasionally（D）all of a sudden（A）Italy.（B） Africa.（C） The Mediterranean region.（D）Places unknown.（A）France.（B） USA（C） Spain.（D）Italy.（A）adviser（B） computer programmer（C） product designer（D）c

2、omputer designer（A）At the platform 7.（B） At the platform 8.（C） At the platform 9.（D）At the platform 13.（A）She will continue with her diet.（B） She might diet any day.（C） She cant afford expensive food.（D）She is overweight.（A）Its easy to run the business.（B） Henry will not succeed.（C） Henry is too bus

3、y to run the company.（D）Henry has already run the company well.（A）She doesnt like to spend unnecessary money.（B） The man should first count the number of people going.（C） She doesnt have enough money at present.（D）The man shouldnt expect her to go.（A）The sales have been increasing.（B） The sales have

4、 been satisfactory.（C） The sales have been the same.（D）The sales havent been steady.（A）No one likes the food there.（B） Some people like the food there.（C） All the people having the food there.（D）The food seems too heavy there.（A）Some like meat while others like poison.（B） Different people are intere

5、sted in different things.（C） Meat and poison can be transferred.（D）Meat can be served as poison to some extent.（A）Restaurant.（B） Laundries.（C） Gold.（D）Both A and B（A）Mrs. Smith is good at theory but drives poorly.（B） Mrs. Smith always get lost on the road.（C） Mrs. Smith knows little about rules and

6、drives fast.（D）Mrs. Smith doesnt know how to stop the car.（A）A delicate art.（B） A religion.（C） An exact science.（D）A way of life.二、Section B（A）Cut down the figure of unemployment.（B） Provide a better education for the unemployed.（C） Eliminate the number of unemployment.（D）Provide a worthwhile unempl

7、oyment benefit.（A）Its essential that we should halt the increase of high-technology.（B） Its essential that we should reduce the rate of vehicle production.（C） Its essential that we should be aware of the importance of protecting environment from being polluted.（D）Its essential that we should have be

8、tter time.（A）They have made their contribution to the country.（B） They are donators.（C） They are down but not out.（D）They are the people what they used to be.（A）They are in the majority.（B） There is a handful of loafers（C） There are thousands of well-meaning, responsible teenagers.（D）Those who play

9、truant will become hooligans.（A）We have planned to clear the criminals（B） We have no intention of letting them getting away with it.（C） They should be sued.（D）Layabouts have been educated to do anything better.（A）Vitamin B（B） Vitamin C（C） Vitamin D（D）Vitamin A（A）Moderate amounts of all kinds of food

10、s.（B） Moderate amounts of high calorie food.（C） Moderate amounts of low calorie food.（D）Moderate amounts of high iron food.（A）One fifth.（B） Two fifths.（C） Three fifths.（D）Four fifths.（A）Women who are not breast-feeding their children.（B） Vegetarian.（C） People who have much daily product.（D）All the o

11、ld men.（A）Vitamins can help keep people healthy when used correctly.（B） Millions of people take vitamin pills to improve their health.（C） People on diet need vitamins.（D）Large amounts of vitamin pills can prevent some things as cancer and heart disease.（A）British People like to take a short nap afte

12、r lunch.（B） British People dont take a short nap after lunch.（C） British People dont feel sleepy after lunch.（D）British People like to sleep twice a day.（A）All animals in the bush.（B） The remnant of the same primeval programming.（C） The same primeval programming.（D）All animals in the world.（A）Alcoho

13、l will be less potent after lunch.（B） A pint of beer at lunchtime is equivalent to a quart in the evening, it can cause afternoon sleepiness.（C） People are more alert at lunchtime.（D）It is not legal to drink at lunchtime.（A）You will be refreshed.（B） You will be waken up.（C） You will feel far sleepie

14、r.（D）You will take a cat nap.（A）People are not allowed to drive after they drink one quarter in the evening.（B） People are still allowed to drive after they drink one quarter in the evening.（C） People are still allowed to drive after they drink one pint at lunchtime.（D）None.三、Section A31 An enormous

15、 number of people in the worlds poorest countries do not have clean water or adequate sanitation_.（A）capacities（B） facilities（C） authorities（D）warranties32 Family-planning clinics give out_advice to people who have decided to limit the size of their families.（A）insensitive（B） interrogative（C） contra

16、ceptive（D）communicative33 Caffeine is the _drug that will just about get you out of the door on time to catch the bus.（A）miracle（B） myth（C） trick（D）legend34 Today investigators are still far from_a master map of the vasculature of the heart.（A）constituting（B） decoding（C） drafting（D）encoding35 I have

17、 never seen a more caring,_group of people in my life.（A）emotional（B） impersonal（C） compulsory（D）compassionate36 By the time I reached my residency, 1_treating the patient as a whole human being.（A）yearned for（B） broke into（C） pass for（D）made for37 We now obtain more than two-thirds of our protein f

18、rom animal sources, while our grandparents _only one-half from animal sources.（A）originated（B） digested（C） deprived（D）derived38 Obesity carries an increased risk of_.（A）mortality（B） mobility（C） longevity（D）maternity39 The best exercise should require continuous_, rather than frequent stops and start

19、s.（A）compassion（B） acceleration（C） frustration（D）exertion40 Environmental officials insist that something be done to_acid rain.（A）curb（B） sue（C） detoxify（D）condemn四、Section B41 It would be wildly optimistic to believe that these advances offset such a large reduction in farmland.（A）take in（B） make u

20、p（C） cut down（D）bring about42 To begin with, it is impossible to come up with a satisfactory definition of what constitutes happy and unhappy marriage.（A）explain（B） oppose（C） represent（D）propose43 Politicians often use emotional rather than rational arguments to win the support for their actions and

21、 ideas.（A）applicable（B） favorable（C） sensitive（D）reasonable44 Tests are one way for a teacher to assess how much a student has learned.（A）observe（B） appraise（C） appreciate（D）induce45 Through live television, the world is now able to witness historical events as they happen.（A）reserve（B） confirm（C） p

22、erceive（D）transmit46 Most experts say that the new tax plan will have a negligible effect on the countrys economic problems.（A）indefinite（B） indispensable（C） infinite（D）insignificant47 I dont know how you could have left out the most important fact of all.（A）omitted（B） fabricated（C） pinpointed（D）emb

23、raced48 Family and cultural beliefs and norms are important predictors of health-seeking behavior.（A）formulations（B） standards（C） principles（D）notions49 There must be a systematic approach to retrieving notes and analyzing them.（A）regaining（B） relieving（C） reversing（D）rectifying50 To study the distr

24、ibution of disease within an area, it is useful to plot the cases on a map.（A）mark（B） allocate（C） erase（D）pose五、Part Cloze50 There are only three available strategies for controlling cancer: prevention, screening and treatment. Lung cancer causes more deaths than any other types of cancer. A major c

25、ause of the disease is not【C1】_known; there is no good evidence that screening is much help; and treatment fails in about 90 percent of all cases. At present, therefore, the main strategy must be【C2】_. This may not always be true, of course, as for some other types of cancer, researches over the pas

26、t few decades have produced(or suggested)some importance in prevention, screening or treatment.【C3 】_. however, we consider not what researchers may one day offer but what todays knowledge could already deliver that is not being delivered, then the most practical and cost-efficient opportunities for

27、 avoiding premature death from cancer, especially lung cancer, probably involve neither screening nor improved【C4】_. but prevention. This conclusion does not depend on the unrealistic assumption that we can eliminate tobacco. It merely assumes that we can reduce cigarette sales appreciably by raisin

28、g prices or by【 C5】_on the type of education that already appears to have a positive effect on cigarette assumption by white-collar workers and that we can substantially reduce the amount of tar【C6 】_per cigarette. The practicability of preventing cancer by such measures applies not only in those co

29、untries, such as, the United States of America, because cigarette smoking has been common for decades, 25 to 30 percent of all cancer deaths now involves lung cancer, but also in those where it has become【C7】_only recently. In China, lung cancer as yet accounts for only 5 to 10 percent of all cancer

30、 deaths. This is because it may take as much as half a century for the rise in smoking to increase in the incidence to lung cancer. Countries where cigarette smoking is only now becoming widespread can expect enormous increase in lung cancer during the 1990s or early in the next century,【C8】_prompt

31、effective action is taken against the habit indeed, such increase are already plainly evident in parts of the world.There are reasons why the preventions of lung cancer is of such overwhelming importance. First, the disease is extremely common, causing more deaths than any other types of cancer now【

32、C9】_; secondly, it is generally incurable; thirdly, effective, practicable measures to reduce its incidence are already reliably known; and finally, reducing tobacco consumption will also have a substantial【C10】_on many other diseases.51 【C1 】（A）hardly（B） never（C） less（D）reliably52 【C2 】（A）treatment

33、（B） cure（C） prevention（D）diagnosis53 【C3 】（A）Although（B） If（C） Since（D）Unless54 【C4 】（A）health（B） control（C） environment（D）treatment55 【C5 】（A）dealing（B） expending（C） hardening（D）inspecting56 【C6 】（A）contained（B） delivering（C） adopted（D）regulated57 【C7 】（A）sensitive（B） tight（C） widespread（D）rough58

34、【C8 】（A）if（B） unless（C） provided（D）while59 【C9 】（A）has（B） emerges（C） causes（D）does60 【C10 】（A）trouble（B） margins（C） impact六、Part Reading Comprehension60 Can the Internet help patients jump the line at the doctors office? The Silicon Valley Employers Forum, a sophisticated group of technology compani

35、es, is launching a pilot program to test online “virtual visits“ between doctors at three big local medical groups and about 8,000 employees and their families. The six employers taking part in the Silicon Valley initiative, including heavy hitters such as Oracle and Cisco Systems, hope that online

36、visits will mean employees wont have to skip work to tend to minor ailment or to follow up on chronic conditions. “With our long commutes and traffic, driving 40 miles to your doctor in your hometown can be a big chunk of time,“ says Cindy Conway, benefits director at Cadence Design Systems, one of

37、the participating companies.Doctors arent clamoring to chat with patients online for free; they spend enough unpaid time on the phone. Only 1 in 5 has ever E-mailed a patient, and just 9 percent are interested in doing so, according to the research firm Cyber Dialogue. “We are not stupid,“ says Stir

38、ling Somers, executive director of the Silicon Valley Employers group. “Doctors getting paid is a critical piece in getting this to work.“ In the pilot program, physicians will get $ 20 per online consultation, about what they get for a simple office visit.Doctors also fear theyll be swamped by ramb

39、ling E-mails that tell everything but whats needed to make a diagnosis. So the new program will use technology supplied by Healinx, an Alameda, Calif. -based start-up. Healinxs “Smart Symptom Wizard“ questions patients and turns answers into a succinct message. The company has online dialogues for 6

40、0 common conditions. The doctor can then diagnose the problem and outline a treatment plan, which could include E-mailing a prescription or a face to face visit.Can E-mail replace the doctors office? Many conditions, such as persistent cough, require a stethoscope to discover whats wrong and to avoi

41、d a malpractice suit. Even Larry Bonham, head of one of the doctors groups in the pilot, believes the virtual doctors visits offer a “very narrow“ sliver of service between phone calls to an advice nurse and a visit to the clinic.The pilot program, set to end in nine months, also hopes to determine

42、whether online visits will boost worker productivity enough to offset the cost of the service. So far, the Internets record in the health field has been underwhelming. The experiment is “a huge roll of the dice for Healinx,“ notes Michael Barrett, and analyst at Internet consulting from Forester Res

43、earch. If the “Web visits“ succeed, expect some HMOs(Health Maintenance Organizations)to pay for online visits. If doctors, employers, and patients arent satisfied, figure on one more E-health start-up to stand down.61 The Silicon Valley employers promote the E-health program for the purpose of_.（A）

44、rewarding their employees（B） gratifying the local hospitals（C） boosting worker productivity（D）testing a sophisticated technology62 What can be learned about the on-line doctors visits?（A）They are a quite promising business.（B） They are funded by the local government.（C） They are welcomed by all the

45、patients.（D）They are very much under experimentation.63 Of the following people, who are not involved in the program?（A）Cisco System employees.（B） Advice nurses in the clinic.（C） Doctors at three local hospitals.（D）Oracle executives.64 According to Para. 2, doctors are_.（A）reluctant to serve online

46、for nothing（B） not interested in web consultation（C） too tired to talk to the patients online（D）content with $20 paid per Web visit65 “Smart Symptom Wizard“ is capable of_.（A）making diagnoses（B） producing prescriptions（C） profiling patients illness（D）offering a treatment plan65 It is common to think

47、 that other animals are ruled by instinct whereas humans lost their instincts and ruled by reason, and that this is why we are so much more flexibly intelligent than other animals. William James, in his book Principles of Psychology, took the opposite view. He argued that human behavior is more flex

48、ibly intelligent than that of other animals because we have more instincts than they do, not fewer. We tend to be blind to the existence of these instincts, however, precisely because they work so well because they process information so effortlessly and automatically. They structure our thought so

49、powerfully, he argued, that it can be difficult to imagine how things could be otherwise. As a result, we take normal behavior for granted. We do not realize that normal behavior needs to be explained at all. This instinct blindness makes the study of psychology difficult. To get past this problem, James suggested that we try to make the natural seem strange. It takes a mind debauched by learning to carry the process of making the natural