[考研类试卷]考研英语（二）模拟试卷71及答案与解析.doc

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1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 71 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Driving through snowstorm on icy roads for long distances is a most nerve-racking experience. It is a paradox that the snow , comin

2、g【C1 】_gently , blowing gleefully in a high wind , all the while【C2 】_down a treacherous carpet,freezes the windows,【C3】_the view. The might of automated man is【C4】_. The horses, the powerful electrical systems, the deep-tread tires, all go【C5 】_nothing. One minute the road feels【C6】_, and the next

3、the driver is sliding over it, light as a【C7】_, in a panic , wondering what the heavy trailer trucks coming up【C8】_the rear are going to do. The trucks are like【C9】_when you have to pass them,not at sixty or seventy【C10 】_you do when the road is dry,but at twenty-five and thirty.【C11 】_their engines

4、 sound unnaturally loud. Snow, slush and【C12】_of ice spray from beneath the wheels,obscure the windshield, and rattle【C13】_your car. Beneath the wheels there is plenty of【C14】_for you to slide and get mashed to a pulp. Inch【C15 】_inch you move up,past the rear wheels, the center wheels, the cab, the

5、 front wheels, all【C16】_too slowly by. Straight ahead you continue, 【C17】_to cut over sharply would send you into a slip,【C18】_in front of the vehicle. At last, there is【C19】_enough, and you creep back over, in front of the truck now, but【C20 】_the sound of its engine still thundering in your ears.1

6、 【C1 】（A）up（B） off（C） down（D）on2 【C2 】（A）lies（B） lays（C） settles（D）sends3 【C3 】（A）blocks（B） strikes（C） puffs（D）cancels4 【C4 】（A）muted（B） discovered（C） doubled（D）undervalued5 【C5 】（A）for（B） with（C） into（D）from6 【C6 】（A）comfortable（B） weak（C） risky（D）firm7 【C7 】（A）loaf（B） feather（C） leaf（D）fog8 【C8 】（

7、A）beneath（B） from（C） under（D）beyond9 【C9 】（A）dwarfs（B） giants（C） patients（D）princesses10 【C10 】（A）what（B） since（C） as（D）that11 【C11 】（A）So（B） But（C） Or（D）Then12 【C12 】（A）flakes（B） flocks（C） chips（D）cakes13 【C13 】（A）onto（B） against（C） off（D）along14 【C14 】（A）snow（B） earth（C） room（D）ice15 【C15 】（A）by（B

8、） after（C） for（D）with16 【C16 】（A）climbing（B） crawling（C） winding（D）sliding17 【C17 】（A）meanwhile（B） unless（C） whereas（D）for18 【C18 】（A）sheer（B） mostly（C） rarely（D）right19 【C19 】（A）might（B） distance（C） air（D）power20 【C20 】（A）with（B） like（C） inside（D）uponPart ADirections: Read the following four texts.

9、 Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided

10、by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various as

11、pects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents listed “to give children a good start academically“ as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prep

12、are children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at

13、 home by their parents.In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented Am

14、ericans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education.Like in America, there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens h

15、ave specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the

16、childrens chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.21 We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe_.（A）Japanese

17、parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents（B） Japans economic success is a result of its scientific achievements（C） Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction（D）Japans higher education is superior to theirs22 Most Americans surveyed believe that preschoo

18、ls should also attach importance to_.（A）problem solving（B） group experience（C） parental guidance（D）individually-oriented development23 In Japans preschool education, the focus is on_.（A）preparing children academically（B） developing childrens artistic interests（C） tapping childrens potential（D）shapin

19、g childrens character24 Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to_.（A）broaden childrens horizon（B） cultivate childrens creativity（C） lighten childrens study load（D）enrich childrens knowledge25 Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kinderg

20、artens?（A）They can do better in their future studies.（B） They can accumulate more group experience there.（C） They can be individually oriented when they grow up.（D）They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.25 On how the world has changed over the last 50 years, not all of it has

21、 been good. As you are looking for organic food information, you have obviously become aware that a better alternative exists and you are taking a critical look at the source and production practices of the companies producing the worlds food supplies.The purpose of organic food information is to gi

22、ve you an understanding of what is going into your food. You will see that there are many benefits to organic food that you didnt know before. The basis behind knowing about organic food information is the fact that farmers are resorting to using artificial fertilizers and pesticides(杀虫剂)to control

23、disease and insect attack in order to produce more crops to satisfy growing demand. These artificial fertilizers leave something poisonous in and on the fruit and vegetables we consume which in turn is absorbed and stored by our bodies.Even the quality of food has gone down in recent years. Todays f

24、ruits have nowhere near the Vitamin C levels they did at one time. However, with organic food information you learn that organic food has fifty percent more nutrients, minerals and vitamins than any other form of produce that has been grown under intensive farming. If you are eating non-organic prod

25、uce you will have to eat more fruit in order to make up for this deficiency. But then the dangerous cycle continues since you will be eating more chemicals that are worse for your health than they are good for you.Another aspect of organic food information is the production of meat and poultry(家禽).

26、Most only consider produce when it comes to organic food information disregarding the antibiotics(抗生素)and hormones that are given to both cattle and poultry that are being force fed. Ask yourself what happens to all these antibiotics and hormones when the animal is killed, the remaining of these ant

27、ibiotics and growth hormones reside in the meat which are then consumed, digested and stored in human bodies. There is no way that an animal that isnt kept in healthy conditions can produce healthy food for humans to eat.You have nothing to lose by trying organic product, not only will it be healthy

28、 for you but you will also be able to eat produce and meat the way they are supposed to be. You will likely be so impressed with the taste of organic fruit that you will never return to the mass-produced fruit again. While cost and availability can be a big issue for some, you can do a bit of resear

29、ch online and find a local store that stocks organic produce for a reasonable price.26 It is stated in Paragraph 1 that organic food_.（A）is considered as a better choice（B） has become popular over the last 50 years（C） reflects the change of production practices（D）is mostly supplied by world famous c

30、ompanies27 According to Paragraph 3 , organic food_.（A）has gone down in quality（B） has more nutrients（C） can replace mass-produced food（D）lacks Vitamin C28 What does the author say about meat and poultry?（A）Organic meat and poultry is hardly available.（B） A great amount of meat is consumed every yea

31、r.（C） They may contain antibiotics and growth hormones.（D）Merciless killing of the animals lowers their quality.29 In the last paragraph, people are advised to_.（A）return to mass-produced fruits（B） eat traditional produce and meat（C） do the cost and availability research（D）try organic product for be

32、tter health and taste30 This passage is mainly about_.（A）changes in food production practices（B） a growing demand for high quality food（C） the benefits of organic food information（D）the challenges facing the world food industry30 If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must

33、know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be diff

34、erent. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses convention, of a story which works wel

35、l because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arriva

36、l is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps(跺脚)over to a table by himself. “Who is that?“ the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, thats God,“ came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks hes a doctor. “If you are part of the group whic

37、h you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and itll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairmans notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustnt attempt to cut in

38、 with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats(替罪羊)like the Post Office or the telephone system.If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural.

39、 Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often its the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted

40、remark.Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist(旋转)on a familiar quote “If at first you dont succeed, give up“ or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about an

41、d inject with humor.31 To make your humor work, you should_.（A）take advantage of different kinds of audience（B） make fun of the disorganized people（C） address different problems to different people（D）show sympathy for your listeners32 The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they

42、are _.（A）impolite to new arrivals（B） very conscious of their godlike role（C） entitled to some privileges（D）very busy even during lunch hours33 It can be inferred from the text that public services_.（A）have benefited many people（B） are the focus of public attention（C） are an inappropriate subject for

43、 humor（D）have often been the laughing stock34 To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered_.（A）in well-worded language（B） as awkwardly as possible（C） in exaggerated statements（D）as casually as possible35 The best title for the text may be_.（A）Use Humor Effectively（B） Various K

44、inds of Humor（C） Add Humor to Speech（D）Different Humor Strategies35 Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking(偷懒), you might even be outraged. Such behavior is regarded as

45、 “all too human“, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monke

46、y, as well.The researchers studied the behavior of female brown capuchin monkeys(僧帽猴). They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food tardily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “ goods and

47、 services“ than males.Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnans and Dr. de Waals study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber(黄瓜). However,

48、 when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behavior became markedly different.In the world of capuchins grapes are luxury goods(and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed

49、a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber(without an actual monkey t