[考研类试卷]2012年厦门大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2012 年厦门大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 an Irish Goodbye2 helicopter parent3 to bring the house down4 up in the air5 to put ones shoulder to the wheel6 to meet ones Waterloo7 a yes-man8 a scapegoat9 to go bananas10 to paint the lily11 Every man must carry his own cross.12 Justice has a long arm.13 stupendous

2、14 ham-fisted15 creepy汉译英16 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。17 她生来才貌双全。18 服装纺织业19 中国人民政治协商会议20 法定节日21 国家烟草专卖局22 磁悬浮铁轨23 节能减排24 加快自主创新的步伐25 不断完善有利于科学发展的体制机制26 改善民主27 加快发展社会事业28 实施医药卫生体制改革29 提高宏观调控水平30 物以类聚，人以群分。英译汉31 The most complex lesson the literary point of view teachesand it is not, to be sure, a lesson available to

3、 all, and is even difficult to keep in mind once acquiredis to allow the intellect to become subservient to the heart. What wide reading teaches is the richness, the complexity, the mystery of life. In the wider and longer view, I have come to believe, there is something deeply apoliticalsomething a

4、bove politicsin literature, despite what feminist, Marxist, and other politicized literary critics may think. If at the end of a long life of reading the chief message you bring away is that women have had it lousy, or that capitalism stinks, or that attention must above all be paid to victims, then

5、 Id say you just might have missed something crucial. Too bad, for there probably isnt time to go back to re-read your lifetimes allotment of five thousand or so books.32 What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, chemistry or any

6、 other science?We all know that science plays an important role in the societies in which we live. Many people believe , however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first of these is the application of the machines and products that scientists and technologists develo

7、p. New drugs, faster and safer means of transport, new systems of applied knowledge are some examples of this aspect of science. The second aspect is the application of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work. What are these special methods of thinking and acting?

8、 First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is full of curiosity he wants to find out how and why the universe works.汉译英33 思维与言语及其同一性问题一直是个争论不休的问题。胡塞尔(Husserl)认为有脱离任何表达形式的纯粹思维，德里达(Derrida)对此持批判的态度，维特根斯坦(Wittgenstein)则坚持认为没有脱离言语的思维和思想。这些探讨主要集中于思维与言语表达这个层面，无法推进对思维与言语关系的说明，也无法在它们是否具有同一性的问题上获得共识

9、。梅洛一庞蒂(Merleau-Ponty)的表达现象学主张言语表达奠基于原初的身体表达身体姿势，而语言则是言语的历史沉淀。这些观点对研究思维与言语的关系及其同一性问题具有推动作用，它们蕴含着这样的观点：思维是一种特殊形态的表达言语表达。同时也对研究聋哑人的思维，说明动物有无思维以及思维和思想的性质具有建设性和启发性的意义。34 知名学者冯骥才还专门撰文解说深度旅游：“顾名思义，就是从表面观光走向深层了解。由于当今的人们，已经不满足走马观花的旅行，希望从异地或异国多得到一些认识与知识，包括历史的、生活的、文化的、生产的、民俗的、艺术的，等等方面，感受不同地域所独有的迷人的文化底蕴。这就叫作深度旅

10、游深度旅游是在文化层面上的旅游。它依靠文化，反过来对文化又是一种开掘、展示和弘扬。如果我们大力开展深度旅游，想想看上下数千年，纵横几万里，地域不同，文化相并，将会有多么灿烂多姿的文化被开采和表现出来。古老中国将出现多么瑰丽的文化景观!”2012 年厦门大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 爱尔兰式告别2 【正确答案】 直升机父母(“直升机父母” 是目前国际上流行的一个新词语。把某些“望子成龙 ” “望女成凤”心切的父母叫作“直升机父母”就像直升机一样盘旋在孩子的上空，时刻监控孩子的一举一动)3 【正确答案】 博得满堂喝彩4 【正确答案】 悬而未决5 【正确答案】 鼎力相助6

11、 【正确答案】 遭到惨败7 【正确答案】 唯唯诺诺的人；好好先生8 【正确答案】 一个替罪羊9 【正确答案】 发疯；神经错乱10 【正确答案】 画蛇添足11 【正确答案】 自家苦难，自己承担。12 【正确答案】 法网恢恢，疏而不漏。13 【正确答案】 惊人的；巨大的14 【正确答案】 愚笨的15 【正确答案】 令人毛骨悚然的汉译英16 【正确答案】 Nothing ventured, nothing gained.17 【正确答案】 She is endowed with both wit and beauty.18 【正确答案】 the textile and clothing indust

12、ry19 【正确答案】 CPPCC(Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference)20 【正确答案】 legal festivals21 【正确答案】 State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau22 【正确答案】 magnetic levitation(maglev)rail23 【正确答案】 energy conservation and emission reduction24 【正确答案】 to accelerate the pace of independent innovation25 【正确答案】 constan

13、tly improving institutions and mechanisms conducive to developing scientifically26 【正确答案】 improve democracy27 【正确答案】 to accelerate the development of social programs28 【正确答案】 to implement the health care system reform29 【正确答案】 to improve macroeconomic regulation30 【正确答案】 Birds of a feather flock tog

14、ether.英译汉31 【正确答案】 从文学视角来看，我们得到的最深刻的教训，是令理智屈从于情感。诚然，这个教训并不是每个人都能领悟到的，即使曾一时领悟，之后也很难铭记于心。广泛阅读教人懂得了生命的丰富多彩、错综复杂和神秘莫测。无论女权主义者、马克思主义者或是其他政治性文学评论家怎样认为，从更广阔和长远的角度来看，我认为文学中有些东西是与政治无关的，甚至超越了政治。如果读了一辈子的书，你得到的只是：女人总是把事情搞砸，资本主义腐朽不堪，或是我们必须首先关注受害者，等等之类的启示，那么我会说，你很可能没有领悟文学的实质。糟糕的是，人的一生大约能读 5000 本书，而你可能没有时间把它们重读一遍了

15、。32 【正确答案】 何为科学态度之本质?难道是人类学习并应用物理、化学或其他学科所持的态度?众所周知，科学在我们所处的社会中扮演着举足轻重的角色。然而，很多人认为，人类的进步离不开科学的两个方面。一方面，是使用科学家和工程师们研发的各种机械和产品。例如，被研制出的新药物，高速又安全的交通工具，为应用知识构建的新体系。另一方面是效仿科学家工作时独特的思维模式与行为方式。那么，这些思维方式和行为模式又是什么呢?首先，成功的科学家似乎总是充满好奇心他们总是想方设法探究宇宙运行的原因及方式。汉译英33 【正确答案】 The issue of the relationship between thin

16、king and speech and their identity has long been highly polemical. Husserl axgues that we can think without any kind of expression. Derrida disagrees with such a view, and Wittgenstein insists that thinking and thought cannot be divorced from speech. These discussions basically unfold on the level o

17、f thinking and expression by speech, and therefore are incapable of clarifying the relations between thinking and speech or reaching any consensus a-bout whether these two processes are identical. The theory of phenomenology of expression proposed by Mer-leau-Ponty posits that speech is based on ges

18、tural expression, and that language is the sedimentation of speech. These ideas contributed tremendously to the study of relations between thinking and speech and their identity, and they implicate that thinking is a special kind of expressionexpression by speech. And this view is constructive and e

19、nlightening for the study of such issues as deaf-mutes ways of thinking, whether or not animals can think, and the nature of thinking and thought.34 【正确答案】 Chinese reputable; scholar Feng Jicai wrote a passage, explaining in-depth travel: “ In-depth travel means that tourists have discarded the simp

20、le: old-fashioned sight-seeing and begun to pursue deep understanding of the tourist resorts. In-depth travel came into being because a brief sight-seeing no longer caters to the demand of tourists nowadays, and they hope that from their tours in another place or country, they can gain more knowledg

21、e of the tourist resorts in aspects of history, life, culture, production, customs, art and so on, as well as appreciate the profound, unique: and enchanting cultures of different regions. In-depth travel focuses on culture, as it depends on culture and in return explores, exhibits and spreads cultu

22、re. China has a history of thousands of years, covers a large territory, with different regions and combined cultures. If we engage in promoting in-depth travel in China, what bright and wonderful culture will be explored and exhibited ! And what magnificent cultural sights of ancient China will be shown to the rest of the world!“