MSFC NASA MPR 8730 4 REV E-2009 STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES (FORMERLY NASA MPG 8730 4)《统计技术(原美国国家航空航天局 mpg 8730 4)》.pdf

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1、CHECK THE MASTER LIST at https:/repository.msfc.nasa.gov/directives/directives.htm VERIFY THAT THIS IS THE CORRECT VERSION BEFORE USE MPR 8730.4 REVISION E EFFECTIVE DATE: May 11, 2009 EXPIRATION DATE: May 11, 2014 MARSHALL PROCEDURAL REQUIREMENTS QD01 STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES Provided by IHSNot for R

2、esaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Marshall Procedural Requirements QD01Statistical Techniques MPR 8730.4 Revision: E Date: May 11, 2009 Page 2 of 9 CHECK THE MASTER LIST at https:/repository.msfc.nasa.gov/directives/directives.htm VERIFY THAT THIS IS THE CORRE

3、CT VERSION BEFORE USE DOCUMENT HISTORY LOG Status (Baseline/ Revision/ Canceled) Document Revision Effective Date Description Baseline 5/14/99 Document converted from MSFC-P20.1 to a Directive. Previous history retained in system as part of canceled or superseded ISO Document files. Revision A 8/16/

4、99 Document changed to reflect new MSFC reorganization. Revision B 6/15/00 Document changed to reflect cancellation of MPG 1441.1, which was consolidated into MPG 1440.2, “MSFC Records Management Program”. Revision C 5/12/2003 P.2 Broadened applicability, including covering cases specifically mentio

5、ned in ISO 9000-2000 document. Included requirement for use if mandate exists. P.4 Included reference to MPG8730.1. Inserted reference to Juran. Section 2 Inserted more explicit and stronger references to planning and mandated statistical analysis. Inserted explicit requirement to record use of stat

6、istical techniques in a permanent record, if such records are used. Inserted reference to 8730.1. Section 3 Enlarged optional QS01 role to cover any step covered in this document, and explicitly during planning, analysis or interpretation. Inserted section 3.2 that more explicitly describes a planni

7、ng step. Section 5 Changed flow diagram to reflect changes in Section 3. Made reference to availability of QS01 assistance. Noted that planning sometimes occurs after data collection. Revision D 9/19/2004 Document typeface converted. Replaced instances of “Marshall Procedures and Guidelines” and “MP

8、G” with “Marshall Procedural Requirements” and “MPR”. Replaced instances of“QS” with “QD”. P.2 d put in short explanation on use of statistics in sampling plans. P.5 updated reference in Juran and added reference to section on sampling. Sections 2 and 3 indicated requirements unambiguously by the us

9、e of “shall”. 2.4 inserted “or other procedures” at end of section. Added appendix. Revision E 5/11/2009 Revised 2. Applicability statement. P.2 Removed Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and replaced with Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA). P.4 added ANSI/ASQ Z1.9-2003 Sampling Procedures a

10、nd Tables for Inspection by Variables for Percent Nonconforming. P.2 made separate requirements for all shall statements. Added 2.1 Statistical Techniques shall be used when specified by Contract or Project Management to section 2 and removed for P.2. Minor editorial changes made throughout. Provide

11、d by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Marshall Procedural Requirements QD01Statistical Techniques MPR 8730.4 Revision: E Date: May 11, 2009 Page 3 of 9 CHECK THE MASTER LIST at https:/repository.msfc.nasa.gov/directives/directives.htm VERIFY THAT

12、THIS IS THE CORRECT VERSION BEFORE USE TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface P.1 Purpose P.2 Applicability P.3 Authority P.4 Applicable Documents P.5 References P.6 Cancellation Document Content 1. Definitions 2. Responsibilities 3. Procedure 4. Records 5. Flow Diagram Appendix Z Guidance Provided by IHSNot for

13、 ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Marshall Procedural Requirements QD01Statistical Techniques MPR 8730.4 Revision: E Date: May 11, 2009 Page 4 of 9 CHECK THE MASTER LIST at https:/repository.msfc.nasa.gov/directives/directives.htm VERIFY THAT THIS IS THE COR

14、RECT VERSION BEFORE USE PREFACE P.1 PURPOSE This Marshall Procedural Requirements (MPR) provides a consistent method for applying statistical techniques used in data analysis or interpretation, and specifically in establishing, controlling, and verifying process capability and product characteristic

15、s, when the use of statistics is required or statistics are otherwise employed by an organization. P.2 APPLICABILITY a. This MPR applies to Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC)/Michoud Assembly Facility (MAF) personnel and activities, and to MSFC/MAF contractors and resident agencies to the extent sp

16、ecified in their respective contracts/agreements. “Contractors” as used in this paragraph includes contractors, grantees, Cooperative Agreement recipients, and Space Act Agreement partners or other agreement parties. b. This MPR is applicable to organizations that identify a requirement for the use

17、of statistical techniques. Statistical Techniques could be used in any case in which data analysis or interpretation is useful, and specifically could be used when establishing, controlling, and verifying process capability and product characteristics. According to the nature of the product and depe

18、nding on the specified requirements, statistical techniques may be used to support: (1) Design verification (e.g., reliability, maintainability, safety); (2) Process control: Selection and inspection of key characteristics Process capability measurements Statistical process control Design of Experim

19、ents; (3) Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA); (4) Inspection matching sampling rate to the criticality of the product and to the process capability. It is important to note that whenever an inspection sample size less than 100%, is determined, and occasionally when apparent 10 percent sampling is u

20、sed, the use of statistics is implied. P.3 AUTHORITY MPD 1280.1, “Marshall Quality Management Systems Manual” Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Marshall Procedural Requirements QD01Statistical Techniques MPR 8730.4 Revision: E Date: May

21、 11, 2009 Page 5 of 9 CHECK THE MASTER LIST at https:/repository.msfc.nasa.gov/directives/directives.htm VERIFY THAT THIS IS THE CORRECT VERSION BEFORE USE P.4 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS a. MPD 1280.1, “Marshall Quality Management Systems Manual” b. MPR 1440.2, “MSFC Records Management Program” c. MPR 873

22、0.1, “Inspection and Testing” P.5 REFERENCES a. Jurans Quality Control Handbook - refer esp. to sections on “Basic Statistical Methods Sources and Summarization of Data” and “Acceptance Sampling” (pages 44.1 and 46.1, respectively, in Fifth Edition, Juran/Godfrey, Editors; copyright 1998, McGraw-Hil

23、l, publisher) b. ANSI/ASQ Z1.9-2003 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Variables for Percent Nonconforming P.6 CANCELLATION MPR 8730.4D dated September 19, 2004 Original signed by Robert M. Lightfoot Acting Director Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted w

24、ithout license from IHS-,-,-Marshall Procedural Requirements QD01Statistical Techniques MPR 8730.4 Revision: E Date: May 11, 2009 Page 6 of 9 CHECK THE MASTER LIST at https:/repository.msfc.nasa.gov/directives/directives.htm VERIFY THAT THIS IS THE CORRECT VERSION BEFORE USE DOCUMENT CONTENT 1. DEFI

25、NITIONS 1.1 Statistical Techniques - Mathematical techniques used to interpret data. 1.2 Statistical Techniques User - Any individual(s) who is responsible for performing statistical techniques to establish, verify, and control process capability and product characteristics. 2. RESPONSIBILITIES 2.1

26、Statistical Techniques shall be used when specified by Contract or Project Management. 2.2 MSFC organizations shall be responsible for identifying the requirement to use and/or the appropriateness of the use of statistical techniques. 2.3 MSFC organizations shall be responsible for determining if th

27、e organization has capability to plan for and/or perform an analysis. 2.4 MSFC organizations shall be responsible for contacting QD01 if assistance is needed. 2.5 MSFC organizations shall be responsible for implementing and controlling the application of the statistical techniques. 2.6 The statistic

28、al techniques user shall be responsible for identifying required and/or appropriate statistical techniques and methods, applying the appropriate techniques to the data, and issuing reports on the results of the statistical techniques. 2.7 If a specially-published or mandated statistical procedure is

29、 used, reference to that procedure shall be noted by the statistical techniques user in the appropriate permanent record of any analysis and be preserved within the analysis record. 2.8 If a sampling plan is developed, it shall be tied by the statistical techniques user either to an established docu

30、ment that circumscribes the method used to develop the plan or to a reasonable and statistically-acceptable method from which the plan is derived and recorded with the sampling plan, if a record is kept. Sampling plans may be used or required under a process stemming from application of MPR 8730.1,

31、or other procedures. 3. PROCEDURE Actionee Action Any MSFC Organization 3.1 Shall identify a requirement for the use of statistical techniques. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Marshall Procedural Requirements QD01Statistical Technique

32、s MPR 8730.4 Revision: E Date: May 11, 2009 Page 7 of 9 CHECK THE MASTER LIST at https:/repository.msfc.nasa.gov/directives/directives.htm VERIFY THAT THIS IS THE CORRECT VERSION BEFORE USE Statistical Techniques User with QD01 assistance 3.2 Shall plan for data collection and analysis. This may inc

33、lude identifying any required or mandated analyses such as those required by Organizational Work Instructions (OWIs), plans, procedures, external references, etc., and planning to control those data and their analyses. This will often include choosing other specific analysis tools and constructing a

34、 data collection plan to accommodate this (DOE, level of significance, sample size determination, etc.). This may comprise simply choosing an appropriate statistical technique necessary to analyze the data. Note that this step and 3.2.1 sometimes follow step 3.3. Any MSFC Organization 3.2.1 Where ap

35、plicable, OWIs, plans, procedures, external references, etc., shall be used to implement and control the application of the statistical techniques. Statistical Techniques User 3.3 Shall identify and collect the necessary data. Statistical Techniques User with QD01 assistance 3.4 Shall perform the st

36、atistical analysis on collected data using the appropriate statistical techniques. Statistical Techniques User with QD01 assistance 3.5 Shall interpret the results from the statistical techniques. STU 3.6 Shall generate reports to document data collected, statistical techniques used, and final resul

37、ts explanation. 4. RECORDS The organization that generates a report on statistical techniques shall determine whether or not the report will be retained as a record (defined in MPR 1440.2), what supporting statistical analyses are to be retained as a part of that record and define the retention of r

38、eports classified as records. 5. FLOW DIAGRAM See following page. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Marshall Procedural Requirements QD01Statistical Techniques MPR 8730.4 Revision: E Date: May 11, 2009 Page 8 of 9 CHECK THE MASTER LIST

39、at https:/repository.msfc.nasa.gov/directives/directives.htm VERIFY THAT THIS IS THE CORRECT VERSION BEFORE USE The flow diagram represents the Statistical Techniques procedure activities outlined in Section 3. Note that planning steps often occur after data is collected. STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES FLOW

40、 DIAGRAM Organization identifies need for statistical techniquesPlan for data collection and analysisCollect dataAnalyze and interpret data Generate report (Records)Contact QD01 if assistance is neededContact QD01 if assistance is neededContact QD01 if assistance is needed3.13.33.4 - 3.53.63.2Provid

41、ed by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Marshall Procedural Requirements QD01Statistical Techniques MPR 8730.4 Revision: E Date: May 11, 2009 Page 9 of 9 CHECK THE MASTER LIST at https:/repository.msfc.nasa.gov/directives/directives.htm VERIFY THAT

42、 THIS IS THE CORRECT VERSION BEFORE USE APPENDIX Z Guidance Z.1 QD01 is able to offer support to the needing organization in planning, execution and/or analysis of statistical techniques. These include but are not limited to sampling, Design of Experiments (DOE), advanced data analysis, Probability

43、of Detection (POD) and other areas. The use of statistical analysts can be considered before or during many steps in this process, as illustrated in the flow chart in section 5. It is recommended that a data analyst, whether from QD01 or from any other source, be involved in the setup of the experim

44、ental plan, acceptance sampling plan, database construction, or whatever plan will be used to facilitate data analysis. Getting the analyst involved early will ease the collection and analysis of the data, and often greatly improve the quality and usefulness of the data and analysis and at the same

45、time reduce the time and expense. Z.2 In the case of acceptance sampling, knowledge of the hardware, requirements and other needs of various stakeholders is vital to the construction of a meaningful acceptance plan. It is thus again important to involve a statistician early in the planning process t

46、o gain full benefit of those services. It is important to note that any time less than 100 percent sampling is employed, there are risks (chance of accepting an unacceptable lot, for instance) that exist whether they are enumerated or not. The role of statistics is to evaluate these risks. In addition, there are cases where 100 percent sampling is different from full inspection. If there is any doubt, it is recommended that a statistician be involved in characterizing 100 percent sampling plans. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-