ITU-T SERIES L SUPP 32-2016 Supplement for eco-specifications and rating criteria for mobile phones eco-rating programmes (Study Group 5)《移动电话生态评估方案的生态规格和评价标准的补充(研究组5)》.pdf

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1、 I n t e r n a t i o n a l T e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n U n i o n ITU-T Series L TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU Supplement 32 (10/2016) SERIES L: ENVIRONMENT AND ICTS, CLIMATE CHANGE, E-WASTE, ENERGY EFFICIENCY; CONSTRUCTION, INSTALLATION AND PROTECTION OF CABLES AND OTHER ELEM

2、ENTS OF OUTSIDE PLANT Supplement for eco-specifications and rating criteria for mobile phones eco-rating programmes ITU-T L-series Recommendations Supplement 32 ITU-T L-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS ENVIRONMENT AND ICTS, CLIMATE CHANGE, E-WASTE, ENERGY EFFICIENCY; CONSTRUCTION, INSTALLATION AND PROTECTION

3、OF CABLES AND OTHER ELEMENTS OF OUTSIDE PLANT OPTICAL FIBRE CABLES Cable structure and characteristics L.100L.124 Cable evaluation L.125L.149 Guidance and installation technique L.150L.199 OPTICAL INFRASTRUCTURES Infrastructure including node element (except cables) L.200L.249 General aspects and ne

4、twork design L.250L.299 MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION Optical fibre cable maintenance L.300L.329 Infrastructure maintenance L.330L.349 Operation support and infrastructure management L.350L.379 Disaster management L.380L.399 PASSIVE OPTICAL DEVICES L.400L.429 MARINIZED TERRESTRIAL CABLES L.430L.449 For

5、further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. L series Supplement 32 (10/2016) i Supplement 32 to ITU-T L-series Recommendations Supplement for eco-specifications and rating criteria for mobile phones eco-rating programmes Summary Supplement 32 to ITU-T L-series Recommendations

6、 on eco-rating outlines a baseline assessment framework and defines a minimum set of criteria to be considered when assessing the environmental performance of mobile phones. This Supplement is designed to enable manufacturers to assess mobile phones in order to demonstrate a minimum level of environ

7、mental performance and also to achieve enhanced environmental performance. clause 7 lists the criteria to consider when seeking compliance to the minimum level of environmental performance described in this Supplement; clause 8 addresses how products can achieve higher levels of environmental perfor

8、mance. This Supplement does not promote any form of labelling and the methods by which ratings are displayed to consumers remain at the discretion of manufacturer or the sales entity. History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group Unique ID* 1.0 ITU-T L Suppl. 32 2016-10-14 5 11.1002/1000/13155

9、 Keywords Eco-rating scheme, end-of-life, logistics efficiency, mobile phone, packaging, product repair, responsible design, scoring methodology, sustainability. * To access the Recommendation, type the URL http:/handle.itu.int/ in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendatio

10、ns unique ID. For example, http:/handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/11830-en. ii L series Supplement 32 (10/2016) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU

11、Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardizat

12、ion Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information techno

13、logy which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this publication, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance w

14、ith this publication is voluntary. However, the publication may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the publication is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory languag

15、e such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the publication is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this publica

16、tion may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the publication development process. As of the date of approval of

17、 this publication, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this publication. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent databa

18、se at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. L series Supplement 32 (10/2016) iii Table of Contents Page 1 Scope . 1 2 References . 2 3 Definitions 2 3.1 Terms de

19、fined elsewhere 2 3.2 Terms defined in this Supplement 2 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 3 5 Conventions 3 6 Introduction to eco-rating programmes 4 7 Eco criteria 5 7.1 Mobile phone sustainability and responsible design 5 7.2 Sustainable materials 6 7.3 Packaging and logistics efficiency . 6 7.4 Produ

20、ct repair and end-of-life 7 8 Eco-rating scheme and scoring methodology . 8 9 Eco-rating validation process . 8 Appendix I Why LCA methods are not yet included in this Supplement . 9 Appendix II Considerations regarding inclusion of LCA data . 10 II.1 Rationale . 10 II.2 Conclusions 11 Appendix III

21、Discussions about LCA, eco-design and eco-rating 12 III.1 Introduction 12 III.2 Open Eco Rating (OER) . 12 III.3 Summary . 13 Appendix IV Importance of climate change, primary energy consumption, and abiotic resources depletion . 14 IV.1 Introduction 14 IV.2 Conclusion 21 Appendix V Discussions abou

22、t other eco-rating criteria 22 V.1 Introduction 22 V.2 Cradle-to-use eco-environmental impacts metrics . 22 Bibliography. 27 iv L series Supplement 32 (10/2016) Introduction It has recently been estimated that the sales of smartphones and mobile phones is around 2.3 billion units per year b-Andrae,

23、Edler, 2015. To promote a more sustainable society, the information and communication technology (ICT) industry has recognized the need to provide relevant mobile phone information, especially with regard to environmental performance aimed at enabling consumers to make more informed purchasing decis

24、ions. For several years, manufacturers and network operators have been reporting the sustainability credentials of mobile phones. However, inconsistencies among approaches cause confusion and have made comparisons difficult, and waste time and resources for both operators and manufacturers when coll

25、ecting and providing very similar data. This Supplement aims to help reduce detrimental effects, intends to deliver useful information to end users on the environmental performance of mobile phones and aligns with existing eco-rating programmes. This Supplement is written in a way so as to complimen

26、t the work represented in UL 110. This Supplement establishes a standalone, minimum set of requirements for mobile phones related to their environmental performance. It should be noted that other documents e.g., ITU-T L.1410 and UL 110, can be used to complement these environmental performance basel

27、ine requirements for mobile phones. It is acknowledged, however, that other aspects are important beyond environmental performance and beyond the environmental factors contained in this Supplement. It is expected that the standardized approach in this Supplement can also make information available t

28、o original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) regarding best practices in the industry. The following guiding principles have been utilized when preparing this Supplement: prioritization: focus on a primary group of attributes; alignment: complement or utilize other standards that are accepted by networ

29、k operators and manufacturers; simplicity: provision of easy-to-understand information to consumers; differentiation: set a baseline to identify mobile phones that do not meet a minimum set of requirements and reference criteria from UL 110 for demonstrating ambition levels above the baseline; trans

30、parency: provide stakeholders with information on the methodology; credibility: demonstrated collaboration of the mobile industry, with representatives from carriers or network operators and mobile phone manufacturers; consistency: Consider regional requirements. L series Supplement 32 (10/2016) 1 S

31、upplement 32 to ITU-T L-series Recommendations Supplement for eco-specifications and rating criteria for mobile phones eco-rating programmes 1 Scope This Supplement outlines an assessment framework and defines the baseline criteria to be considered by an eco-rating programme when assessing the envir

32、onmental performance of mobile phones. This framework establishes the basis for an eco-rating programme based on criteria that are relevant and transparent: relevance is important to ensure that the mobile phone is scored, against criteria having an environmental impact; transparency is the guarante

33、e that all included criteria (and only these criteria) have been taken into account fairly. In this context, the Supplement is intended to: identify attributes having an impact on the environmental footprint of a mobile phone; define the scoring method to quantify these impacts, reflecting the perfo

34、rmance of the mobile phone from an environmental point of view. This Supplement starts from the principles that an appropriate eco-rating programme should: apply to all mobile phones, irrespective of where the mobile phones are sold; address the market globally (e.g., national or regional aspects sh

35、ould not be taken into account by the eco-rating programme); work in concert with UL 110 to identify advanced mobile phones implementing innovative solutions or functionalities. This Supplement does not: mandate the consideration of any social or ethical aspects that might be associated with the des

36、ign, manufacturing or marketing of mobile phones; include any aspects related to eco-labels (definition of the labels, criteria to obtain these labels, etc.). Consideration was given to using life cycle assessments (LCAs) to compare products. The fact remains that the existence of several eco-rating

37、 programmes maintains some confusion within the user community. Initiatives exist to correct this situation, particularly under the leadership of operators seeking to align their own programmes (see Appendix III). However, this LCA approach is not included (see Appendices I and II). This Supplement

38、is intended to be used to facilitate global cooperation and is expected to be used in conjunction with other complementary international standards. Figure 1 illustrates the aspects that are or are not in the scope of this Supplement. 2 L series Supplement 32 (10/2016) 2 References ITU-T L.1000 Recom

39、mendation ITU-T L.1000 (2011), Universal power adapter and charger solution for mobile terminals and other hand-held ICT mobile phones. ITU-T L.1410 Recommendation ITU-T L.1410 (2014), Methodology for environmental life cycle assessments of information and communication technology goods, networks an

40、d services. IEC 61249-2-21 IEC 61249-2-21:2003, Materials for printed boards and other interconnecting structures Part 2-21: Reinforced base materials, clad and unclad Non-halogenated epoxide woven E-glass reinforced laminated sheets of defined flammability (vertical burning test), copper-clad. IEEE

41、 1680.1 IEEE 1680.1 (2009), IEEE standard for environmental assessment of personal computer products, including notebook personal computers, desktop personal computers, and personal computer displays. ISO 1043-1 ISO 1043-1:2011, Plastics Symbols and abbreviated terms Part 1: Basic polymers and their

42、 special characteristics. ISO 11469 ISO 11469:2016, Plastics Generic identification and marking of plastics products. UL 110 UL 110 (2012), Standard for sustainability for mobile phones. 3 Definitions 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere This Supplement uses the following term defined elsewhere: 3.1.1 mobile

43、 phone b-ITU-T K.49: Portable terminal equipment used for communication and connecting to a fixed telecommunication network via a radio interface. 3.1.2 primary energy ITU-T L.1410: The energy content of natural resources which can be used for energy production. 3.2 Terms defined in this Supplement

44、This Supplement defines the following terms: 3.2.1 homogeneous material: A material of uniform composition throughout or a material, consisting of a combination of materials, that cannot be disjointed or separated into different materials by mechanical actions such as unscrewing, cutting, crushing,

45、grinding and abrasive processes. 3.2.2 maintenance release: Software or firmware update to enable a mobile phone to continue to operate as it was intended at the point of sale. 3.2.3 reference package: List of physical items (mobile phone, accessories, documentation, etc.) that is always used in its

46、 entirety by the manufacturer when claiming compliance with the criteria described in the Supplement. A reference package is defined by the manufacturer. L series Supplement 32 (10/2016) 3 4 Abbreviations and acronyms This Supplement uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: 5R Rethink, Reduce,

47、 Recycle, Refurbish, Resale ADP Abiotic (resource) Depletion Potential AMOLED Active-Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode CS Corporate Sustainability CSTN Colour Super-Twist Nematic DDR Double Data Rate e-MMC electronic Multimedia Card ENIG Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold GHG Greenhouse Gas GSM Glo

48、bal System for Mobile Communications GWP100 Global Warming Potential at 100 years HVAC Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning IC Integrated Circuit ICT Information and Communication Technology ILCD International (reference) Life Cycle Data (system) ITO IndiumTin Oxide LCA Life Cycle Assessment L

49、CD Liquid Crystal Display LCIA Life Cycle Impact Assessment MLCC Multilayer Ceramic Capacitor NAND Not And (electronic logic gate) OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer PCB Printed Circuit Board PCR Product Category Rule PGM Platinum Group Metals RAM Random Access Memory RF Radio Frequency SDRAM Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory TFTLCD Thin-Film TransistorLiquid Crystal Display 5 Conventions None. 4 L series Supplement 32 (10/2016) 6 Introduction