ITU-T HDBK IIT-1993 Instructions for the International Telephone Service《国际电话服务介绍》.pdf

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1、 STD*ITU-T HDBK IIT-ENGL 1993 R 48b2.591 Ob83030 277 = INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE SERVICE Geneva, 1993 _ STD-ITU-T HDBK IIT-ENGL 1993 4862593 Ob8203L 203 INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNIO

2、N TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE SERVICE Geneva, 1993 ISBN 92-61 -04821 -8 STD.ITU-T HDBK IIT-ENGL I1993 4862593 0683032 04T O ITU 1993 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any m

3、eans, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. “ -5- Contents Page Introduction . - 7 Preliminary notes . 8 SECTION I General Chapter I. Definitions (Art. 1-27) 11 II. Means of communication and various provisions (Art. 28-41) 23 III

4、. Classes of call, priorities, special facilities (Art. 42-62) . 3 1 IV. Recording of call requests (Art. 63-79) 42 V. Order in which calls are connected (Art. 80) . 54 VI. Limitation of the duration of calls (Art. 81-84) 56 SECTION II Call charges Chapter I. General rules (Art. 85-94) 61 II. Method

5、 of charging (Art. 95-101) 68 III. Charging of distress (emergency), government and service calls (Art. 102-104) . 73 IV. Charging of urgent private calls (Art. 105) 74 V. Charging of call requests with special facilities (Art. 106-1 13) . 75 STDaITU-T HDBK IIT-ENGL 1993 D 48b2591 Ob81034 912 m -4-

6、SECTION III Operator assistance in the automatic service Page Chapter I. General (Art. 1 14-1 16) . 83 II. Assistance provided by operators (Art. 117-123) . 85 SECTION IV Demand operating Chapter I. General (Art. 124-135) . 91 II. Setting-up of calls (Art. 136-157) . : 99 Setting-up of calls with sp

7、ecial facilities (Art. 158-174) IV. Supervision of calls. Difficulties (Art. 175-179) 128 III. 115 SECTION V Outgoing preparation operating Preliminary note 132 Chapter I. General principles (Art. 180 and 181) 133 II. Setting-up of calls (Art. 182-1 84) 135 STD-ITU-T HDBK IIT-ENGL 1993 4862593 Ob830

8、35 859 W -5- SECTION VI Advance preparation operating Page Preliminary note 138 Chapter I. Method of operating (Art. 185 and 186) 139 II. Passing of call requests (Art. 187-190) 142 III. Preparation and setting-up of calls (Art. 191-198) . 145 IV. Setting-up of calls with special facilities (Art. 19

9、9-213) 149 V. Supervision of calls (Art. 214-217) 158 VI. Calls on which there are transmission difficulties (Art. 218-222) 161 VII. Determination of the chargeable duration of calls (Art. 223 and 224) 164 Alphabetical index . 165 STDmITU-T HDBK IIT-ENGL 1793 48bZ591 Ob8103b 795 -7- Recommendation E

10、.141 INSTRUCTIONS FOR OPERATORS ON THE OPERATOR-ASSISTED INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE SERVICE Introduction Although the international telephone service has evolved dramatically over the years, the role of the operator has remained an important element in the provision of services to customers. Recognizin

11、g the higher standards for reliability of telephone communications for voice and data service, the following “Instructions” are designed to prepare the international operator to handle requests for assistance in the successful connection and completion of international calls. To this end, Administra

12、tions should: - attach the greatest importance to the professional training of supervisors and staff operating international operator positions, and - make every effort to see that these “Instructions” are diligently applied. The attention of Administrations is drawn to ITU-T Recommendations E. 140

13、(Operator-assisted telephone service), E. 105 (International telephone service), F. 17 (Operational aspects of service telecommunications). More detail on the operational principles in the international public telephone service will be found in the E-series Recommendations. Finally, it is the close

14、and friendly collaboration between operators and their courtesy and adherence to these “Instructions” which will greatly facilitate the effective operation of the intemational telephone service. Previous page is blank. - STDaITU-T HDBK IIT-ENGL 1993 4862591 0681037 621 = -8- Preliminary notes For th

15、e definition of the “Instructions” see the International Telecommunication Regulations (Melbourne, 1988), Article 2. See Recommendation C.3 for the general principles concerning the “Instructions”, including arrangements for their periodic amendment and the date of entry into effect of new or amende

16、d “Instructions”. In these “Instructions”, the expression “Administration” is used for shortness to indicate both a telecommunication Administration and a Recognized Private Operating Agency (MOA). Customers and operators, of course, are both male and female. The use of pronouns and gender-specific

17、forms of words throughout these “Instructions” carry no implications, and where one gender form appears, the other is also implied. 0*0.0.0*0*0 STD.ITU-T HDBK IIT-ENGL L993 W 4b2591i ObL038 568 m SECTION I GENERAL STD-ITU-T HDBK IIT-ENGL 1993 48b257L Ob83037 4T4 - 11 - CHAPTER I Definitions Article

18、1 International exchange The exchange (at the end of an international telephone circuit) which switches calls destined to or originating from another country is called an international exchange Administrations shall designate or, in case of joint utilization, concur in designating the exchanges in t

19、he territory they service which are to be regarded as international exchanges Article 2 internationai transit exchange An international exchange which switches calls both originating and terminating in other countries is called an international transit exchange. Article 3 Controlling exchange 1. ord

20、er in which they are to be connected is called the controlling exchange. The exchange responsible for setting up calls and which decides the Previous page is blank. STD-ITU-T HDBK IIT-ENGL 1993 m 4862571 ObBL040 LLb - 12 - 2. designate the controlling exchange. The Administrations concerned shall ag

21、ree among themselves to 3. As a general rule, they shall select for this purpose: 3.1 operating that circuit on the cailing party side; when a single international circuit is used, the international exchange 3.2 when two or more international circuits are used: a) either the international exchange w

22、hich has access to the first international circuit on the calling party side; or b) the international transit exchange designated by joint agreement of the Administrations concerned. Nore - It may be that the international circuits are not operated exclusively by operators at the international excha

23、nge where they end; operators at other international or national exchanges may also have access to them by means of an automatic transit device. In such circumstances these international or national exchanges must be treated as though they were a controlling exchange, as far as setting up calls is c

24、oncerned. Article 4 Controlling operator The controlling operator is the outgoing operator in the controlling exchange who operates the international circuit. The controlling position is the position used by the controlling operator. Note - However, it may happen that the outgoing international circ

25、uit is also operated by an operator in an intemational or even a national exchange. If this is so, the latter operator is considered as controlling operator. - 13 - Article 5 Telephone circuit (International or trunk circuits) 1. between two exchanges (manual or automatic) is called a telephonq circ

26、uit. The whole of the facilities whereby a direct connection is made 2. two international exchanges in two different countries. A circuit is called an “international circuit” when it directly connects 3. national circuits. The term “trunk circuit” is reserved for the designation of exclusively Artic

27、le 6 Traffic routes 1. A route comprises the circuits to be used for international telephone traffic between two given international exchanges. They are designated by agreement between Administrations. A distinction is made between primary and secondary. 1.1 destination. Primary route: the circuit g

28、roup normally used for reaching the called 1.2 Secondary route or routes: the circuit group to be used when the primary route is congested, or when the transmission on the primary route is not sufficiently good, or it is outside the normal hours,of service on the primary route. Article 7 Telephone c

29、all A telephone call is the interconnection of two telephone stations or terminals. Note - A telephone call can be made using the automatic or operator service. Article 8 Telephone message A telephone message is an effective call over a connection established either automatically or by operator assi

30、stance between the calling and the called stations or terminals. A telephone connection may also be used to cany data or fax messages. Article 9 Automatic service In the automatic service the call is established without the assistance of an operator. The user enters the number necessary to obtain th

31、e called station or terminal. STD*ITU-T HDBK IIT-ENGL 1993 48b2591 Ob81043 925 D - 15 - Article 10 Operator service In the operator service the call is established with the assistance of an 1) in semi-automatic operation an international operator establishes a call with the called station or termina

32、l; 2) in manual operation, a call is established by the originating and terminating international operators, possibly with the assistance of one or more intermediate operators. operator. The call can be established semi-automatically or manually: Article 11 Call request The first application made by

33、 the caller for a telephone call is called the call request. Article 12 Successive phases of a caii ne successive steps normally taken in the setting-up of an intemational telephone call in the manual or semi-automatic service are defined as follows: - - - the caller has placed his request; the cont

34、rolling operator has received all of the call details; the controlling operator has made the first attempt to set up the call; tl t2 STD-ITU-T HDBK IIT-ENGL 1993 4862593 0683044 861 - 16 - - t3 the called number has replied or the caller has been informed why the call cannot be connected; - t4 the c

35、alled person (or called extension) has been obtained or the caller has been informed why the call cannot be connected (this step is only significant for personal calls); - t5 the end of the call is generally when the caller replaces the receiver; - . disconnection, normally when the international ci

36、rcuit is released by the operator or by the equipment of the international exchange of the calling party side. Article 13 Request transmission time The time interval ti-to is the time taken in passing the call request to the controlling operator. Article 14 Delay time 1. controlling exchange. The ti

37、me interval t2-tl is the delay to which the call is subject at the 2. The caller is generally informed of this delay. STD*ITU-T HDBK IIT-ENGL 1993 4Bb2591 Ob81045 7T8 - 17 - Article 15 Seting-up time of a call 1 The time interval: a) tg-ti is the setting-up of station call; b) b-tl is the total sett

38、ing-up time of a personal call. These times include any delay at the outgoing international exchange. 2. Article 16 Duration of a call The time interval: a) tg-tg is the duration of a station call; b) t5-t4 is the duration of a personal call. Article 17 Chargeable duration 1. chargeable duration. 2.

39、 The chargeable duration is equal to the duration of the call reduced in manual or semi-automatic service, if necessary, to make allowance for any interruptions or other difficulties which might have occurred during the call. The time interval on which the charge for a call is based is called the ST

40、D-ITU-T HDBK IIT-ENGL 3773 4862593 0683046 b34 - 18 - Article 18 Charged duration 1. In the manual and semi-automatic service the charged duration of a call for which the charge is paid by the calling subscriber (or the called subscriber in the case of a collect call) is the chargeable duration roun

41、ded upwards to the next whole number of minutes. 2. In automatic service other arrangements could be adopted in accordance with the ITU-T Recommendations. Article 19 Holding time of an international circuit 1. The time interval t b) indirect manual demand operating In this method of operating, the o

42、perator at the incoming international exchange always acts as an interpreter between the operator in the outgoing international exchange and the called Party. 2.2 Semi-automatic demand operating In this method of operating, the operator in the outgoing intemational exchange controls the automatic sw

43、itching operations to obtain either the called station, or an operator in the incoming or transit international exchange (or an operator in a manual exchange in the country of destination). STDmITU-T HDBK IIT-ENGL 1993 W 4862593 0681048 407 m - 20 - Article 22 Outgoing preparation operating In outgo

44、ing preparation operating, after the request is recorded by an operator in the outgoing international exchange, another operator in the exchange sets up the call. After the requests have been put in order at the exchange, the controlling operator sees to it that the calling station is connected on t

45、he international circuit without loss of time; the call is then set up at the called end as in the case of demand operating. Article 23 Advance preparation operating 1. In advance preparation operating, after the request is recorded by a first operator in the outgoing international exchange, another

46、 operator in this exchange sets up the call. This second operator sees to it that the calling and called stations are connected without loss of time on the international circuit or circuits. 2. Advance preparation operating requires preparation at both the outgoing and incoming international exchang

47、es. Article 24 Elements in dialling an international telephone number To dial an international telephone number, the calling subscriber inputs the international prefix, country code, area (trunk) code and subscriber number (Recommendation E. 160). STD-ITU-T HDBK IIT-ENGL 1993 48b259L ObBL049 343 - 2

48、1 - Intemational Country Area Code Subscriber Prefix Code Number Example O0 41 22 733 1234 1. International Prefix The combination of digits to be dialled by a calling subscriber making a call to a subscriber in another country to obtain access to the automatic outgoing international equipment. 2. C

49、ountry Code The combination of one, two or three digits Characterizing a country in the world numbering plan (as described in Recommendation E.164) and serving to route an international call to that country (or group of countries included in one integrated numbering plan) automatically. 3. Area (trunk) code A digit or combination of digits characterizing the called numbering area within a country (or group of countries included in one integrated numbering plan). 4. Subscriber number The number to be dialled or called to reach a subscriber in the same local netwo