IMO TA114E-2001 Medical First Aid.pdf

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1、MODEL COURSE a .a 4 MEDICAL FIRST AID 2000 Edition Course + Compendium MODEL COURSE 1.1 4 MEDICAL FIRST AID 2000 Edition COURSE + COMPENDIUM INTERNAT1 ONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION London, 2000 First published in 1990 as Medical Emergency: First Aid by the INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION 4 Albert E

2、mbankment, London SEI 7SR Revised edition, 2000 Printed in the United Kingdom by Ashford Overload Services 4 6 8 10 9 7 5 3 I IMO PUBLICATION I I Sales number: TAI 14E 1 ISBN 92-801-61 18-0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IMO wishes to express its sincere appreciation to the International Labour Organization and t

3、he World Health Organization for their assistance and co-operation in the production of this course. In particular, IMO wishes to thank the World Health Organization for permission to utilize relevant parts of the International Medical Guide for Ships as the course compendium. Copyright O IMO 2001 A

4、ll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from the International Maritime Organizatio

5、n. Contents Foreword Introduction Part A: Course Framework Part B: Course Outline and Timetable Part C: Detailed Teaching Syllabus Part D: Instructor Manual Attachment: Guidance on the implementation of model courses Page v 1 5 7 10 18 25 . Ill Foreword Since its inception the International Maritime

6、 Organization has recognized the importance of human resources to the development of the maritime industry and has given the highest priority to assisting developing countries in enhancing their maritime training capabilities through the provision or improvement of maritime training facilities at na

7、tional and regional levels. IMO has also responded to the needs of developing countries for postgraduate training for senior personnel in administration, ports, shipping companies and maritime training institutes by establishing the World Maritime University in Malm, Sweden, in 1983. Following the e

8、arlier adoption of the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978, a number of IMO Member Governments had suggested that IMO should develop model training courses to assist in the implementation of the Convention and in achieving a more rapi

9、d transfer of information and skills regarding new developments in maritime technology. IMO training advisers and consultants also subsequently determined from their visits to training establishments in developing countries that the provision of model courses could help instructors improve the quali

10、ty of their existing courses and enhance their effectiveness in meeting the requirements of the Convention and implementing the associated Conference and IMO Assembly resolutions. In addition, it was appreciated that a comprehensive set of short model courses in various fields of maritime training w

11、ould supplement the instruction provided by maritime academies and allow administrators and technical specialists already employed in maritime administrations, ports and shipping companies to improve their knowledge and skills in certain specialized fields. IMO has therefore developed the current se

12、ries of model courses in response to these generally identified needs and with the generous assistance of Norway. These model courses may be used by any training institution and the Organization is prepared to assist developing countries in implementing any course when the requisite financing is ava

13、ilable. W. A. O?NEIL Secretary- General V Introduction H Purpose of the model courses The purpose of the IMO model courses is to assist maritime training institutes and their teaching staff in organizing and introducing new training courses, or in enhancing, updating or supplementing existing traini

14、ng material where the quality and effectiveness of the training courses may thereby be improved. It is not the intention of the model course programme to present instructors with a rigid “teaching package“ which they are expected to “follow blindly“. Nor is it the intention to substitute audiovisual

15、 or “programmed“ material for the instructors presence. As in all training endeavours, the knowledge, skills and dedication of the instructor are the key components in the transfer of knowledge and skills to those being trained through IMO model course material. Because educational systems and the c

16、ultural backgrounds of trainees in maritime subjects vary considerably from country to country, the model course material has been designed to identify the basic entry requirements and trainee target group for each course in universally applicable terms, and the skill necessary to meet the technical

17、 intent of IMO conventions and related recommendations. H Use of the model course To use the model course the instructor should review the course plan and detailed syllabus, taking into account the information provided under the entry standards specified in the course framework. The actual level of

18、knowledge and skills and prior technical education of the trainees should be kept in mind during this review, and any areas within the detailed syllabus which may cause difficulties because of differences between the actual trainee entry level and that assumed by the course designer should be identi

19、fied. To compensate for such differences, the instructor is expected to delete from the course, or reduce the emphasis on, items dealing with knowledge or skills already attained by the trainees. He should also identify any academic knowledge, skills or technical training which they may not have acq

20、uired. By analysing the detailed syllabus and the academic knowledge required to allow training in the technical area to proceed, the instructor can design an appropriate pre-entry course or, alternatively, insert the elements of academic knowledge required to support the technical training elements

21、 concerned at appropriate points within the technical course. Adjustment of the course objectives, scope and content may also be necessary if in your maritime industry the trainees completing the course are to undertake duties which differ from the course objectives specified in the model course. Wi

22、thin the course plan the course designers have indicated their assessment of the time which should be allotted to each learning area. However, it must be appreciated that these allocations are arbitrary and assume that the trainees have fully met all the entry requirements of the course. The instruc

23、tor should therefore review these assessments and may need to reallocate the time required to achieve each specific learning objective. 1 MEDICAL FIRST AID m Lesson plans Having adjusted the course content to suit the trainee intake and any revision of the course objectives, the instructor should dr

24、aw up lesson plans based on the detailed syllabus. The detailed syllabus contains specific references to the textbooks or teaching material proposed to be used in the course. An example of a lesson plan is shown in the instructor manual on page 24. Where no adjustment has been found necessary in the

25、 learning objectives of the detailed syllabus, the lesson plans may simply consist of the detailed syllabus with keywords or other reminders added to assist the instructor in making his presentation of the material. Presentation The presentation of concepts and methodologies must be repeated in vari

26、ous ways until the instructor is satisfied, by testing and evaluating the trainees performance and achievements, that the trainee has attained each specific learning objective or training outcome. The syllabus is laid out in learning objective format and each objective specifies a requiredperformanc

27、e or, what the trainee must be able to do as the learning or training outcome. Taken as a whole, these objectives aim to meet the knowledge, understanding and proficiency specified in the appropriate tables of the STCW Code. Implementation For the course to run smoothly and to be effective, consider

28、able attention must be paid to the availability and use of: o properly qualified instructors o support staff o rooms and other spaces o equipment o textbooks, technical papers o other reference material. Thorough preparation is the key to successful implementation of the course. IMO has produced “Gu

29、idance on the implementation of IMO model courses“, which deals with this aspect in greater detail and is included as an attachment to this course. Training and the STCW 1995 Convention The standards of competence that have to be met by seafarers are defined in Part A of the STCW Code in the Standar

30、ds of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers Convention, as amended in 1995. This IMO model course has been revised and updated to cover the competences in STCW 1995. It sets out the education and training to achieve those standards set out in Chapter VI Table A-VV4-1. Part A provide

31、s the framework for the course with its aims and objectives and notes on the suggested teaching facilities and equipment. A list of useful teaching aids, IMO references and textbooks is also included. INTRODUCTION Part 6 provides an outline of lectures, demonstrations and exercises for the course. A

32、 suggested timetable is included but from the teaching and learning point of view, it is more important that the trainee achieves the minimum standard of competence defined in the STCW Code than that a strict timetable is followed. Depending on their experience and ability, some students will natura

33、lly take longer to become proficient in some topics than in others. Also included in this section are guidance notes and additional explanations. A separate IMO model course addresses Assessment of Competence. This course explains the use of various methods for demonstrating competence and criteria

34、for evaluating competence as tabulated in the STCW Code. Part C gives the Detailed Teaching Syllabus. This is based on the theoretical and practical knowledge specified in the STCW Code. It is written as a series of learning objectives, in other words what the trainee is expected to be able to do as

35、 a result of the teaching and training. Each of the objectives is expanded to define a required performance of knowledge, understanding and proficiency. IMO references, textbook references and suggested teaching aids are included to assist the teacher in designing lessons. The new training requireme

36、nts for these competences are addressed in the appropriate parts of the detailed teaching syllabus. The Convention defines the minimum standards to be maintained in Part A of the STCW Code. Mandatory provisions concerning Training and Assessment are given in Section A46 of the STCW Code. These provi

37、sions cover: qualification of instructors; supervisors as assessors; in-service training; assessment of competence; and training and assessment within an institution. The corresponding Part 8 of the STCW Code contains non-mandatory guidance on training and assessment. As previously mentioned a separ

38、ate model course addresses Assessment of Competence and use of the criteria for evaluating competence tabulated in the STCW Code. Refresher Training The Document for Guidance recommends that seafarers who have completed the more advanced medical training and such other seafarers as may be required b

39、y a national administration should undergo refresher courses to maintain and update their knowledge at approximately five-year intervals. Such refresher training should cover the principal elements of medical first aid, including life- saving measures, and should also encompass relevant recent devel

40、opments in medical care and diagnosis. In general the competence required of those who provide the medical care on board exceeds that required of the master and chief mate under Regulation 1V2. The competence required in table IV2 is limited to organizing and managing the provision of medical care o

41、n board. Masters and chief mates who themselves provide the medical care on board must therefore meet the higher standard in Table V1/4-2. Medical Care Required for Masters and Chief Mates 3 MEDICAL FIRST AID Responsibilities of Administrations Administrations should ensure that training courses del

42、ivered by colleges and academies are such as to ensure officers completing training do meet the standards of competence required by STCW Regulation VV4. Validation The information contained in this document has been validated by the Sub-Committee on Standards of Training and Watchkeeping for use by

43、technical advisors, consultants and experts for the training and certification of seafarers so that the minimum standards implemented may be as uniform as possible. Validation in the context of this document means that the Sub-Committee has found no grounds to object to its content. The Sub-Committe

44、e has not granted its approval to the documents, as it considers that this work must not be regarded as an official interpretation of the Convention. In reaching a decision in this regard, the Sub-Committee was guided by the advice of a Validation Group comprised of representatives designated by IL0

45、 and IMO. 4 PART A: COURSE FRAMEWORK Part A: Course Framework Aims This model course aims to provide the training for candidates to provide medical first aid on board ship, in accordance with Section A-V1/4 of the STCW Code. Object ive This syllabus covers the requirements of the 1995 STCW Conventio

46、n Chapter VI, Section A- VV4, Table A-VV4-l. On meeting the minimum standard of competence in medical first aid, a trainee will be competent to apply immediate first aid in the event of accident or illness on board. Entry standards For admission to the course seafarers should have completed IMO Mode

47、l Course No. 1.13, Elementary First Aid or attained a similar standard in elementary first aid. Course certificate On successful completion of the course and demonstration of competence, a document may be issued certifying that the holder has met the standard of competence specified in Table A- VV4-

48、1 of STCW 1995. A certificate may be issued only by centres approved by the Administration. Course intake limitations The maximum number of trainees attending each session will depend on the availability of instructors, equipment and facilities available for conducting the training. It should not ex

49、ceed six trainees per instructor. Staff requirements The course should preferably be under the control of a qualified medical practitioner assisted by other appropriately trained staff. Training facilities and equipment Ordinary classroom facilities and an overhead projector are required for the lectures. When making use of audiovisual material such as videos or slides, make sure the appropriate equipment is available. Smaller rooms for practical instruction, demonstration and application should be available. The following equipment should be available: ships medical chest with contents (n