GPA STD 2145-2016 Table of Physical Properties for Hydrocarbons and Other Compounds of Interest to the Natural Gas Industry.pdf

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1、 Table of Physical Properties for Hydrocarbons and Other Compounds of Interest to the Natural Gas and Natural Gas Liquids Industries (Includes data previously published in Technical Publication TP-17, Table of Physical Properties of Hydrocarbons for Extended Analysis of Natural Gases) Adopted as a S

2、tandard 1942 Revised 2016 GPA Midstream Association Sixty Sixty American Plaza, Suite 700 Tulsa, Oklahoma 74135 GPA Midstream Standard 2145-16 GPA 2145 Page ii FOREWORD This standard provides the gas processing industry with a convenient compilation of authoritative numerical values for hydrocarbons

3、 and other compounds occurring in natural gas and natural gas liquids as well as other compounds of interest to the industry. The physical properties selected are those considered most valuable for engineering and analytical computations. Most properties are based upon two NIST Standard Reference Da

4、tabases: the Web Thermo Tables, WTT (NIST SRSD-3), and the Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties Database, REFPROP 9.1 (NIST SRD-23). The data in this publication were checked, evaluated, and recalculated when necessary by the Applied Chemicals and Materials Division of the Material

5、 Measurement Laboratory at NIST. The listed flammability limits and octane numbers were not evaluated at NIST and sources for these properties are provided in the references. Methodology The process for revising this and future versions of GPA-2145 has been updated. Current values will be used in al

6、l subsequent revisions, except when a newly accepted and confirmed equation of state or substantiated improved measurements becomes available. In these situations, the following items determine when changes will be made. a) If any property for a component falls outside the uncertainty of the new EOS

7、 or substantiated measurements, all properties will be updated for that component. b) If all existing values for a component fall within the uncertainty of the new EOS or substantiated measurements, no changes will be made. Summary of changes in this revision of GPA-2145 a) For helium, all values we

8、re updated based on a new equation of state finalized in 2015. b) For propylene, the heat capacities were updated based on the final equation of state. c) The “volume of air required to burn one volume of gas” has been updated to reflect the revised concentration of oxygen in air (as explained in th

9、e Properties of Air section at the end of this standard). d) The definition of relative density was modified based solely on a fixed reference value (28.9625 g/mol), not on the molar mass of air. e) The main tables now list pure fluids only; all properties for air were removed from the tables and in

10、cluded in the Properties of Air section at the end of this standard. f) All fluids from TP-17 were added, and properties displayed here are based on the format from that version. Most of the properties for the fluids in the 1998 version of TP-17 (excluding the fluids in 2145-09) have changed; the ne

11、w values are based on properties calculated from the equations of state available in the REFPROP program (reference 2) or from the TRC database (reference 3). The main tables and the extended tables list the same properties. g) The fluids in 2145-09 are included here in their original format, as wel

12、l as in the transposed TP-17 format. GPA 2145 Page iii h) Additional properties from TP-17 are included; these are the chemical formula, acentric factor, critical density, compressibility factor at 60 F, liquid net heating value, refractive index, and temperature coefficient of density. i) Other pro

13、perties now appearing in the main tables include the specific volume as an ideal gas, vapor pressure at 60 F, and summation factor for a new compressibility formula. All fluids in the GPSA Engineering Data Book are now included in this revision of GPA-2145. Property values for compounds listed here

14、in GPA 2145-16 supersede those listed in the GPSA Engineering Data Book, 13thedition, and all earlier editions. GPA 2145 Page iv DISCLAIMER GPA Midstream Association publications necessarily address problems of a general nature and may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made

15、by GPA Midstream to assure accuracy and reliability of the information contained in this publication. Each person who uses or refers to this publication will need to make their own decisions based on consideration of their own internal best practices, recommendations, and engineering judgment. GPA M

16、idstream and its members do not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, efficacy, timeliness, or correct sequencing of such information, including without limitation, the reference material and information of the various other industry associations that may be provided herein. Use of the information p

17、rovided in this publication is voluntary, and reliance on it should only be undertaken after an independent review of its accuracy, completeness, efficacy, timeliness, and consideration of the applicability of any local, state, and federal laws and regulations. It is not the intent of GPA Midstream

18、to assume the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train employees, or others exposed, concerning health and safety risks or precautions. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, service mark, manufacturer, or

19、 otherwise does not constitute or imply endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by GPA Midstream. GPA Midstream makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its us

20、e or for the violation of any federal, state or municipal regulation with which this publication may conflict, or for any infringement of letters of patent regarding apparatus, equipment, or method so covered. “Copyright2016 by GPA Midstream Association. All rights reserved. No part of this Report m

21、ay be reproduced without the written consent of GPA Midstream Association.” GPA 2145 Page 1 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SELECTED HYDROCARBONS GPA MIDSTREAM STANDARD 2145-16 (FPS) becomes effective January 1, 2017 Notes Compound methane ethane propane isobutane n-butane isopentane n-pentane Formula CH4C2H

22、6C3H8C4H10C4H10C5H12C5H12a Molar Mass 16.0425 30.0690 44.0956 58.1222 58.1222 72.1488 72.1488 b Boiling Temperature (F, 14.696 psia) -258.66 -127.44 -43.80 10.85 31.12 82.09 96.91 c Triple Point Temperature (F) -296.42 -297.01 -305.72 -254.96 -216.85 -256.90 -201.42 b Vapor Pressure 60 F (psia) 495.

23、62 107.71 38.225 26.027 9.417 6.888 100 F (psia) 5000 800 188.62 72.644 51.567 20.474 15.576 Critical Constants Temperature (F) -116.66 89.91 206.13 274.39 305.56 368.96 385.79 Pressure (psia) 667.1 706.7 616.6 526.3 550.6 489.9 488.8 Density (lbm/ft3) 10.154 12.871 13.764 14.078 14.078 14.733 14.48

24、3 h Acentric Factor 0.0114 0.0995 0.1521 0.1835 0.2008 0.2274 0.2515 b,d Density of Liquid (60 F, 14.696 psia) Relative density (60 F/60 F) 0.3 0.35628 0.50719 0.56283 0.58420 0.62514 0.63071 API gravity 340 265.66 147.49 119.91 110.71 94.848 92.850 Density (lbm/gal) 2.5 2.9704 4.2285 4.6925 4.8706

25、5.2120 5.2584 e Temp. coef. of density (1/F, at 60 F sat.) -0.00733 -0.00167 -0.00121 -0.00108 -0.00089 -0.00086 f Density of Ideal Gas (60 F, 14.696 psia) Relative density 0.5539 1.0382 1.5225 2.0068 2.0068 2.4911 2.4911 Volume (ft3/lbm) 23.6549 12.6204 8.6059 6.5290 6.5290 5.2597 5.2597 Density (l

26、bm/1000 ft3) 42.27 79.24 116.20 153.16 153.16 190.12 190.12 b,d,g Volume (60 F, 14.696 psia) Liquid (gal/lbmol) 6.417 10.123 10.428 12.386 11.933 13.843 13.721 ft3 ideal gas/gal liquid 59.138 37.488 36.391 30.637 31.801 27.414 27.658 Ratio, ideal gas/liquid 442.38 280.43 272.22 229.18 237.89 205.07

27、206.89 p Summation Factor (60 F) Z=1-P*b2 (1/psia0.5) 0.0116 0.0238 0.0347 0.0441 0.0470 0.0576 0.0606 Z=1-P/P0*b2 (P0=14.696 psia) 0.04438 0.0913 0.1329 0.1690 0.1801 0.2206 0.2323 Compressibility Factor at 60 F (sat) 0.5788 0.8499 0.9188 0.9386 0.9677 0.9740 b,d,i Gross Heating Value (60 F, ideal

28、reaction) Fuel as Liquid (Btu/lbm) 22185. 21491. 21081. 21137. 20891. 20923. Fuel as Liquid (Btu/gal) 65897. 90875. 98924. 102950. 108880. 110020. Fuel as Ideal gas (Btu/lbm) 23892. 22334. 21654. 21232. 21300. 21044. 21085. Fuel as Ideal gas (Btu/ft3) 1010.0 1769.7 2516.1 3251.9 3262.3 4000.9 4008.7

29、 Fuel as Ideal gas (Btu/gal) 59729. 66340. 91563. 99630. 103740. 109680. 110870. b,d,i Net Heating Value (60 F, ideal reaction) Fuel as Liquid (Btu/lbm) 20281. 19760. 19440. 19495. 19303. 19335. Fuel as Ideal gas (Btu/ft3) 909.4 1619. 2315. 3000. 3011. 3699. 3707. j Volume of Air Required to Burn On

30、e Volume of Ideal Gas 9.552 16.715 23.879 31.043 31.043 38.206 38.206 b,k Heat of Vaporization (14.696 psia) Btu/lbm 219.6 210.4 183.0 157.0 165.8 147.6 153.7 b,m Specific Heat (60 F) Cp Btu/(lbm F) (ideal gas) 0.5266 0.4079 0.3873 0.3866 0.3949 0.3828 0.3879 Cv Btu/(lbm F) (ideal gas) 0.4028 0.3418

31、 0.3423 0.3525 0.3608 0.3553 0.3603 C Btu/ (lbm F) 0.9664 0.6183 0.5641 0.5692 0.5311 0.5427 k=Cp/Cv 1.3073 1.1932 1.1316 1.0969 1.0947 1.0775 1.0764 n Refractive Index , nD (60 F) 1.00042 1.00072 1.00103 1.00123 1.00133 1.35639 1.35981 4 Flammability Limits (100 F, 14.696 psia) Lower (volume % in a

32、ir) 5.0 2.9 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.4 Upper (volume % in air) 15.0 13.0 9.5 8.5 9.0 8.0 8.3 5,o Octane Number Motor Method D-357 +0.05 97.1 97.6 89.6 90.3 62.6 Research Method D-908 +1.6 +1.8 +0.1 93.8 92.3 61.7 GPA 2145 Page 2 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SELECTED HYDROCARBONS GPA MIDSTREAM STANDARD 2145-16 (F

33、PS) becomes effective January 1, 2017 Compound n-hexane n-heptane n-octane n-nonane n-decane ethylene propylene Formula C6H14C7H16C8H18C9H20C10H22C2H4C3H6Molar Mass 86.1754 100.2019 114.2285 128.2551 142.2817 28.0532 42.0797 Boiling Temperature (F, 14.696 psia) 155.68 209.08 258.12 303.37 345.42 -15

34、4.79 -53.72 Triple Point Temperature (F) -139.58 -131.08 -70.20 -64.21 -21.37 -272.49 -301.35 Vapor Pressure 60 F (psia) 1.914 0.5413 0.1546 0.04535 0.01335 131.3 100 F (psia) 4.961 1.619 0.5349 0.1809 0.06148 227.3 Critical Constants Temperature (F) 453.8 512.56 564.22 610.52 652.19 48.56 195.91 Pr

35、essure (psia) 436.9 396.8 360.7 330.8 305.0 731.3 660.6 Density (lbm/ft3) 14.557 14.483 14.664 14.492 14.567 13.374 14.335 Acentric Factor 0.2986 0.3494 0.3971 0.4433 0.4884 0.0866 0.1461 Density of Liquid (60 F, 14.696 psia) Relative density (60 F/60 F) 0.66406 0.68823 0.70655 0.72224 0.73458 0.568

36、20 0.52260 API gravity 81.582 74.101 68.768 64.418 61.127 117.53 139.260 Density (lbm/gal) 5.5364 5.7379 5.8907 6.0215 6.1244 4.7372 4.3571 Temp. coef. of density (1/F, at 60 F sat.) -0.00076 -0.00068 -0.00063 -0.00061 -0.00059 -0.00180 Density of Ideal Gas (60 F, 14.696 psia) Relative density 2.975

37、4 3.4597 3.9440 4.4283 4.9126 0.9686 1.4529 Volume (ft3/lbm) 4.4036 3.7872 3.3221 2.9588 2.6671 13.5273 9.0182 Density (lbm/1000 ft3) 227.09 264.05 301.01 337.97 374.93 73.92 110.89 Volume (60 F, 14.696 psia) Liquid (gal/lbmol) 15.565 17.463 19.391 21.300 23.232 5.9219 9.6578 ft3ideal gas/gal liquid

38、 24.380 21.730 19.570 17.816 16.334 64.081 39.293 Ratio, ideal gas/liquid 182.38 162.56 146.39 133.28 122.19 479.36 293.93 Summation Factor (60 F) Z=1-P*b2(1/psia0.5) 0.0776 0.0951 0.1128 0.1307 0.1556 0.0207 0.0327 Z=1-P/P0*b2 (P0=14.696 psia) 0.2973 0.3646 0.4326 0.5009 0.5967 0.0795 0.1254 Compre

39、ssibility Factor at 60 F (sat) 0.9884 0.9951 0.9980 0.9992 0.9997 0.8345 Gross Heating Value (60 F, ideal reaction) Fuel as Liquid (Btu/lbm) 20783. 20680. 20601. 20543. 20494. 20875. Fuel as Liquid (Btu/gal) 115060. 118660. 121350. 123700. 125510. 90954. Fuel as Ideal gas (Btu/lbm) 20943. 20839. 207

40、60. 20701. 20651. 21640. 21040. Fuel as Ideal gas (Btu/ft3) 4755.9 5502.6 6249.0 6996.3 7742.9 1599.7 2333.0 Fuel as Ideal gas (Btu/gal) 115950. 119570. 122290. 124650. 126480. 102515. 91672. Net Heating Value (60 F, ideal reaction) Fuel as Liquid (Btu/lbm) 19233. 19155. 19096. 19054. 19018. 19514.

41、Fuel as Ideal gas (Btu/ft3) 4404. 5100. 5796. 6493. 7190. 1499. 2182. Volume of Air Required to Burn One Volume of Ideal Gas 45.370 52.534 59.697 66.861 74.025 14.327 21.491 Heat of Vaporization (14.696 psia) Btu/lbm 144.0 136.2 129.9 124.1 118.8 207.4 188.7 Specific Heat (60 F) CpBtu/(lbm F) (ideal

42、 gas) 0.3857 0.3841 0.3829 0.3820 0.3813 0.3573 0.3572 CvBtu/(lbm F) (ideal gas) 0.3626 0.3643 0.3655 0.3665 0.3673 0.2865 0.3101 CBtu/(lbm F) (sat. liquid) 0.5285 0.5268 0.5240 0.5192 0.5155 0.6036 k=Cp/Cv1.0635 1.0544 1.0476 1.0423 1.0380 1.2471 1.1519 Refractive Index , nD(60 F) 1.37673 1.38995 1

43、.39960 1.40719 1.41384 1.31616 Flammability Limits (100 F, 14.696 psia) Lower (volume % in air) 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.7 2.9 2.1 Upper (volume % in air) 7.7 7.0 6.5 5.6 5.4 32.0 11.1 Octane Number Motor Method D-357 26 75.6 84.9 Research Method D-908 24.8 +0.03 +0.2 GPA 2145 Page 3 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF

44、 SELECTED HYDROCARBONS GPA MIDSTREAM STANDARD 2145-16 (FPS) becomes effective January 1, 2017 Compound carbon dioxide hydrogen sulfide nitrogen oxygen helium water hydrogen carbon monoxide Formula CO2H2S N2O2He H2O H2CO Molar Mass 44.0095 34.0809 28.0134 31.9988 4.0026 18.0153 2.0159 28.0101 Boiling

45、 Temperature (F, 14.696 psia) -109.24 -76.54 -320.43 -297.33 -452.07 211.95 -423.01 -312.72 Triple Point Temperature (F) -69.81 -121.81 -346.00 -361.82 -455.75 32.018 -434.55 -336.98 Vapor Pressure 60 F (psia) 747.8 230.4 0.25640 100 F (psia) 395.0 0.9505 Critical Constants Temperature (F) 87.76 211

46、.91 -232.53 -181.43 -450.32 705.11 -400.01 -220.52 Pressure (psia) 1070.0 1305.3 492.5 731.4 33.115 3200.1 188.0 506.8 Density (lbm/ft3) 29.191 21.680 19.559 27.228 4.3437 20.102 1.952 18.972 Acentric Factor 0.2239 0.1005 0.0372 0.0222 -0.3836 0.3443 -0.2187 0.0497 Density of Liquid (60 F, 14.696 ps

47、ia) Relative density (60 F/60 F) 0.81716 0.79886 0.80687 1.1423 0.12479 1.00000 0.070918 0.79399 API gravity 41.660 45.628 43.868 -7.630 1002.4 10.000 1863.8 46.714 Density (lbm/gal) 6.8129 6.6602 6.7271 9.5238 1.0404 8.3372 0.59126 6.6197 Temp. coef. of density (1/F, at 60 F sat.) -0.00801 -0.00171

48、 -0.00009 Density of Ideal Gas (60 F, 14.696 psia) Relative density 1.5195 1.1767 0.9672 1.1048 0.1382 0.62202 0.0696 0.9671 Volume (ft3/lbm) 8.6227 11.1348 13.5465 11.8593 94.8090 21.0645 188.247 13.5481 Density (lbm/1000 ft3) 115.97 89.81 73.82 84.322 10.55 47.473 5.31 73.81 Volume (60 F, 14.696 psia) Liquid (gal/lbmol) 6.4598 5.1171 4.1643 3.3599 3.8471 2.1608 3.4095 4.2313 ft3ideal gas/gal liquid 58.746 74.16 91.128 112.95 98.641 175.62 111.30 89.684 Ratio, ideal gas/liquid 439.45 554.76 681.69 844.89 737.88 1313.7 832.60 670.88 Summation Factor (60 F)