EN ISO 14001-2015 en Environmental management systems - Requirements with guidance for use《环境管理体系 附使用指南的要求(ISO 14001 2015)》.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 14001:2015Environmental managementsystems Requirements withguidance for useBS EN ISO 14001:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO14001:2015. It supersedes BS EN ISO 14001:2004 which is withdrawn.The UK partici

2、pation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee SES/1/1, Environmental management systems.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are r

3、esponsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 82611 5ICS 13.020.10; 13.100Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of t

4、heStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2015.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 14001 September 2015 ICS 13.020.10 Supersedes EN ISO 14001:2004English Version Environmental management systems - Requirements

5、with guidance for use (ISO 14001:2015) Systmes de management environnemental - Exigences et lignes directrices pour son utilisation (ISO 14001:2015) Umweltmanagementsysteme - Anforderungen mit Anleitung zur Anwendung (ISO 14001:2015) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 September 2015. C

6、EN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on ap

7、plication to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC

8、Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, L

9、atvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Ma

10、rnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 14001:2015 EBS EN ISO 14001:2015EN ISO 14001:2015 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN ISO 14001:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee

11、ISO/TC 207 “Environmental management“. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2016. Attention is d

12、rawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 14001:2004. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to

13、 CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria,

14、Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Sw

15、itzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 14001:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14001:2015 without any modification. BS EN ISO 14001:2015ISO 14001:2015(E)Foreword vIntroduction vi1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 13.1 Terms relate

16、d to organization and leadership 13.2 Terms related to planning . 23.3 Terms related to support and operation . 43.4 Terms related to performance evaluation and improvement 54 Context of the organization . 64.1 Understanding the organization and its context . 64.2 Understanding the needs and expecta

17、tions of interested parties 64.3 Determining the scope of the environmental management system . 64.4 Environmental management system . 75 Leadership 75.1 Leadership and commitment . 75.2 Environmental policy 75.3 Organizational roles, responsibilities and authorities 86 Planning . 86.1 Actions to ad

18、dress risks and opportunities . 86.1.1 General 86.1.2 Environmental aspects . 96.1.3 Compliance obligations 96.1.4 Planning action 96.2 Environmental objectives and planning to achieve them .106.2.1 Environmental objectives 106.2.2 Planning actions to achieve environmental objectives 107 Support 107

19、.1 Resources 107.2 Competence 117.3 Awareness 117.4 Communication . 117.4.1 General. 117.4.2 Internal communication . 127.4.3 External communication 127.5 Documented information 127.5.1 General. 127.5.2 Creating and updating 127.5.3 Control of documented information 128 Operation 138.1 Operational p

20、lanning and control . 138.2 Emergency preparedness and response 139 Performance evaluation 149.1 Monitoring, measurement, analysis and evaluation 149.1.1 General. 149.1.2 Evaluation of compliance 149.2 Internal audit . 159.2.1 General. 159.2.2 Internal audit programme 159.3 Management review 15 ISO

21、2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 14001:2015ISO 14001:2015(E)10 Improvement .1610.1 General 1610.2 Nonconformity and corrective action 1610.3 Continual improvement . 17Annex A (informative) Guidance on the use of this International Standard 18Annex B (informative) Correspondence bet

22、ween ISO 14001:2015 and ISO 14001:2004 .32Bibliography .34Alphabetical index of terms .35iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 14001:2015ISO 14001:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). Th

23、e work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-gov

24、ernmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described i

25、n the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the p

26、ossibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO lis

27、t of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well

28、as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management, Subcommittee SC

29、1, Environmental management systems.This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 14001:2004), which has been technically revised. It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 14001:2004/Cor.1:2009. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 14001:2015ISO 14001:2015(E)Introducti

30、on0.1 BackgroundAchieving a balance between the environment, society and the economy is considered essential to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. Sustainable development as a goal is achieved by balancing the three pillars of su

31、stainability.Societal expectations for sustainable development, transparency and accountability have evolved with increasingly stringent legislation, growing pressures on the environment from pollution, inefficient use of resources, improper waste management, climate change, degradation of ecosystem

32、s and loss of biodiversity.This has led organizations to adopt a systematic approach to environmental management by implementing environmental management systems with the aim of contributing to the environmental pillar of sustainability.0.2 Aim of an environmental management systemThe purpose of thi

33、s International Standard is to provide organizations with a framework to protect the environment and respond to changing environmental conditions in balance with socio-economic needs. It specifies requirements that enable an organization to achieve the intended outcomes it sets for its environmental

34、 management system.A systematic approach to environmental management can provide top management with information to build success over the long term and create options for contributing to sustainable development by: protecting the environment by preventing or mitigating adverse environmental impacts

35、; mitigating the potential adverse effect of environmental conditions on the organization; assisting the organization in the fulfilment of compliance obligations; enhancing environmental performance; controlling or influencing the way the organizations products and services are designed, manufacture

36、d, distributed, consumed and disposed by using a life cycle perspective that can prevent environmental impacts from being unintentionally shifted elsewhere within the life cycle; achieving financial and operational benefits that can result from implementing environmentally sound alternatives that st

37、rengthen the organizations market position; communicating environmental information to relevant interested parties.This International Standard, like other International Standards, is not intended to increase or change an organizations legal requirements.0.3 Success factorsThe success of an environme

38、ntal management system depends on commitment from all levels and functions of the organization, led by top management. Organizations can leverage opportunities to prevent or mitigate adverse environmental impacts and enhance beneficial environmental impacts, particularly those with strategic and com

39、petitive implications. Top management can effectively address its risks and opportunities by integrating environmental management into the organizations business processes, strategic direction and decision making, aligning them with other business priorities, and incorporating environmental governan

40、ce into its overall management system. Demonstration of successful implementation of this International Standard can be used to assure interested parties that an effective environmental management system is in place.Adoption of this International Standard, however, will not in itself guarantee optim

41、al environmental outcomes. Application of this International Standard can differ from one organization to another vi ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 14001:2015ISO 14001:2015(E)due to the context of the organization. Two organizations can carry out similar activities but can have different comp

42、liance obligations, commitments in their environmental policy, environmental technologies and environmental performance goals, yet both can conform to the requirements of this International Standard.The level of detail and complexity of the environmental management system will vary depending on the

43、context of the organization, the scope of its environmental management system, its compliance obligations, and the nature of its activities, products and services, including its environmental aspects and associated environmental impacts.0.4 Plan-Do-Check-Act modelThe basis for the approach underlyin

44、g an environmental management system is founded on the concept of Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA). The PDCA model provides an iterative process used by organizations to achieve continual improvement. It can be applied to an environmental management system and to each of its individual elements. It can be b

45、riefly described as follows. Plan: establish environmental objectives and processes necessary to deliver results in accordance with the organizations environmental policy. Do: implement the processes as planned. Check: monitor and measure processes against the environmental policy, including its com

46、mitments, environmental objectives and operating criteria, and report the results. Act: take actions to continually improve.Figure 1 shows how the framework introduced in this International Standard could be integrated into a PDCA model, which can help new and existing users to understand the import

47、ance of a systems approach.Figure 1 Relationship between PDCA and the framework in this International Standard0.5 Contents of this International StandardThis International Standard conforms to ISOs requirements for management system standards. These requirements include a high level structure, ident

48、ical core text, and common terms with core definitions, designed to benefit users implementing multiple ISO management system standards. ISO 2015 All rights reserved viiBS EN ISO 14001:2015ISO 14001:2015(E)This International Standard does not include requirements specific to other management systems

49、, such as those for quality, occupational health and safety, energy or financial management. However, this International Standard enables an organization to use a common approach and risk-based thinking to integrate its environmental management system with the requirements of other management systems.This International Standard contains the requirements used to assess conformity. An organization that wishes to demonstrate conformity with this International Standard can do so by: making a self-determination and self-declaration, or seeki