EN ISO 11699-2-2011 en Non-destructive testing - Industrial radiographic films - Part 2 Control of film processing by means of reference values《非破坏性测试 工业射线照相电影 第2部分 控制电影处理的参考价值(取代C.pdf

《EN ISO 11699-2-2011 en Non-destructive testing - Industrial radiographic films - Part 2 Control of film processing by means of reference values《非破坏性测试 工业射线照相电影 第2部分 控制电影处理的参考价值(取代C.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《EN ISO 11699-2-2011 en Non-destructive testing - Industrial radiographic films - Part 2 Control of film processing by means of reference values《非破坏性测试 工业射线照相电影 第2部分 控制电影处理的参考价值(取代C.pdf（18页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 11699-2:2011Non-destructive testing Industrial radiographic filmsPart 2: Control of film processing by meansof reference values (ISO 11699-2:1998)BS EN ISO 11699-2:2011

2、 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 11699-2:2011. It is identical to ISO 11699-2:1998. It supersedes BS EN 584-2:1997, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to T e c h n i c a l C o m m i t t e e W E E / 4 6 ,

3、N o n - d e s t r u c t i v e t e s t i n g .A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Stand

4、ards Institution 2013. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013.ISBN 978 0 580 74275 0 ICS 19.100; 37.040.25 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 Jan

5、uary 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 11699-2 October 2011 ICS 37.040.25 Supersedes EN 584-2:1996English Version Non-destructive testing - Industrial radiographic films - Part 2: Control of film processing by

6、 means of reference values (ISO 11699-2:1998) Essais non destructifs - Films utiliss en radiographie industrielle - Partie 2: Contrle du traitement des films au moyen de valeurs de rfrence (ISO 11699-2:1998) Zerstrungsfreie Prfung - Industrielle Filme fr die Durchstrahlungsprfung - Teil 2: Kontrolle

7、 der Filmverarbeitung mit Hilfe von Referenzwerten (ISO 11699-2:1998) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 September 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national s

8、tandard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version i

9、n any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech

10、Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPE

11、N DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 11699-2:2011: EBS EN ISO 11699-2:2011 EN ISO 11699-2:2011 (E) 3 Forewor

12、d The text of ISO 11699-2:1998 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 135 “Non-destructive testing” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 11699-2:2011 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing” the secretariat of which

13、 is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibil

14、ity that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 584-2:1996. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organi

15、zations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Port

16、ugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 11699-2:1998 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 11699-2:2011 without any modification. BS EN ISO 11699-2:2011ISO ISO 11699-2:1998(E)iiiForewordISO (the International Organizatio

17、n for Standardization) is a worldwide federationof national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparingInternational Standards is normally carried out through ISO technicalcommittees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technicalcommittee has been established has the

18、 right to be represented on thatcommittee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, inliaison with ISO, also take part in the work.Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulatedto the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as Inter

19、nationalStandards by the ISO Council. They are approved in accordance with ISOprocedures requiring at least 75 % approval by the member bodies voting.International Standard ISO 11699-2 was prepared by Technical CommitteeISO/TC 135, Non-destructive testing, Subcommittee SC 5, Radiation methods.ISO 11

20、699 consists of the following parts under the general title Non-destructivetesting Industrial radiographic films: Part 1: Classification of film systems for industrial radiography Part 2: Control of film processing by means of reference valuesAnnex A forms an integral part of this part of ISO 11699.

21、BS EN ISO 11699-2:2011ISO 11699-2:1998(E)ISOivIntroductionThis part of ISO 11699 describes a procedure for the control of the filmprocessing systems by users by processing calibrated pre-exposed strips.The strips are exposed to X-rays and are accompanied by a certificate from thefilm strip manufactu

22、rer.The user processes the pre-exposed strips in his system and records the results.In this part of ISO 11699, clause 4 shows the responsibility of the film stripmanufacturer. The user is responsible for clauses 5 to 8, which show compliancewith the chosen system classification.BS EN ISO 11699-2:201

23、1INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO ISO 11699-2:1998(E)1Non-destructive testing Industrial radiographic films Part 2:Control of film processing by means of reference values1 ScopeThis part of ISO 11699 describes a procedure for the control of film processing systems.2 Normative referenceThe following standa

24、rd contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part ofISO 11699. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties toagreements based on this part of ISO 11699 are encouraged to investigate the

25、 possibility of applying the most recentedition of the standard indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid InternationalStandards.ISO 11699-1:1998, Non-destructive testing Industrial radiographic films Part 1: Classification of film systems forindustrial radiograph

26、y.3 DefinitionsFor the purposes of this part of ISO 11699, the following definitions apply.3.1 film system: Combination of film and film processing which is carried ou in accorcance with the instructions of filmmanufacturer and/or the manufacturer of the processing chemicals ISO 11699-1.3.2 film sys

27、tem class: Film system classification according to the limiting values given in table 1 of ISO 11699-1:1998.3.3 film strip: Piece of film material on which a step wedge can be exposed.3.4 pre-exposed film strip: Film strip that is pre-exposed so as to present at least ten different densities after p

28、rocessing.3.5 net density: Optical density without base and fog density.4 Manufacturing of pre-exposed film strips for control of the processing system4.1 SizeThe film strips shall have a minimum exposed area of 15 mm 100 mm. The pre-exposed film strips contain a step wedgefor density measurements a

29、nd a blank area for base plus fog density and long term storage time test.BS EN ISO 11699-2:2011ISO 11699-2:1998(E)ISO24.2 Selection of film strip typeThe selected type of film used for the film strips shall have a response to processing which is representative for the set offilms which are classifi

30、ed according to ISO 11699-1.4.3 Examples of production of pre-exposed film stripsThe exposure arrangement is shown in figure 1. The step wedge design is described in figure 2 and table 1. A differentdesign and material can be used if it provides the same density steps.Dimensions in millimetersKey1 S

31、ource2 3 mm thick copper prefilter3 Wedge4 FilmFigure 1 Example of an exposure arrangementThe successive steps of the film strip shall be exposed in order to obtain density increments of about 0,3 after processing, forexample by a step wedge as described in table 1 and figure 2.Appropriate precautio

32、ns against scattered radiation shall be taken. The radiation source is a constant potential X-ray tubeoperated at approximately 150 kV. The exposure time is chosen in this way so as to obtain a net density of approximately 2at one of the first six steps (going from low to high densities) of the step

33、/wedge after processing the pre-exposed film strip inthe conditions of the system classified according to ISO 11699-1.BS EN ISO 11699-2:2011ISOISO 11699-2:1998(E)3Figure 2 Design of step wedgeTable 1 Height of steps;material: fine-grained copperStepNo.Height for 150 KVmm1234567891011,710,810,09,38,8

34、8,27,77,36,96,54.4 Measurement fields and determination of reference valuesThe steps for determination of reference values shall be as follows (see figure 3):Step X: the step with a net density close to D = 2.Step X + 4: the step with a higher density which is four steps from X.To obtain the referen

35、ce values, at least five pre-exposed film strips shall be processed in a classified film system. Theresulting densities shall have a maximum variance of DD = 0,1.BS EN ISO 11699-2:2011ISO 11699-2:1998(E)ISO4The reference values are obtained as follows: Reference speed index Sr:The average value of t

36、he net densities of step X is calculated. The speed index reference is equal to this averagevalue, rounded to one decimal. Reference contrast index Cr:The average value of the net densities of step X + 4 is calculated. The reference contrast index reference is thepositive difference of the average d

37、ensities of the steps X and X + 4, rounded to one decimal place.Dimensions in millimetersNOTE Position and density of steps X and X + 4 on the strip may vary.Figure 3 Example of test strip4.5 Pre-exposed film strip-certificatePre-exposed strips shall always be accompanied by a certificate from the m

38、anufacturer containing the following data: a description of the processing system, specifying the processor, chemistry, processing cycle and the temperature; the brand name and type of the pre-exposed film strip; the reference values for speed index and contrast index and the step numbers for calcul

39、ating the corresponding indices.The following data shall be displayed as shown: Processing: manual or automatic; developer type and immersion time; developing temperature; fixer type and immersion time; fixing temperature. Test strip: brand name; type.BS EN ISO 11699-2:2011ISOISO 11699-2:1998(E)5 Sp

40、eed index: reference speed index (Sr); reference step (X). Contrast index: reference contrast index (Cr); reference contrast step (X + 4).4.6 Storage of pre-exposed film stripsPre-exposed film strips shall be stored in a cool and dry place. The manufacturer shall state a date of expiry and the stora

41、geconditions.5 User verification of compliance with a classified film systemFor testing compliance with a classified film system, the same brand of pre-exposed film and film of the film system underverification shall be used.If the reference value cannot be achieved at the time of installation of th

42、e processing system, the temperature of thedeveloper may be adjusted by 2 K from the temperature which was specified in the pre-exposed film strip-certificateaccording to 4.5.5.1 Processing conditions5.1.1 Automatic processingThe automatic processor shall be set and maintained according to the recom

43、mendation of the manufacturer. To avoid initialtransient changes of processing quality, start-up procedures as recommended by the manufacturer shall be followed beforedeveloping of the pre-exposed film strips. If the automatic processor is running continuously, pre-exposed film strips may beprocesse

44、d without further conditioning.5.1.2 Manual processingThe processing chemicals shall be mixed, replenished and temperature-controlled according to the specified film systemclassification and the recommendations of the film manufacturer.5.2 Processing of pre-exposed film stripsTo achieve good transpo

45、rt through the automatic processor, the recommendations of the manufacturer, covering processingand transport of small sized films, shall be followed.5.3 Evaluation of the pre-exposed film strips5.3.1 Calibration of densitometerFor density measurements, a densitometer with a minimum density range fr

46、om D = 0 to D = 4 shall be used.The densitometer shall be calibrated using a reference wedge. The densitometer shall be considered calibrated, when themeasured densities of the reference wedge match the specified densities to within 0,1.BS EN ISO 11699-2:2011ISO 11699-2:1998(E)ISO65.3.2 Parameters f

47、or processing system evaluationThe parameters for evaluation of the processing system are obtained as follows: Cx: contrast index: This is the difference between density Dx + 4of step X + 4 and the density Dxof step Xnormalized to a reference speed index Sr, to eliminate speed influences. To calcula

48、te thecontrast index Cx, the following formula is used:x x+4 xrxC = DDSS() . . . (1) D0: density of step 0 Dx: density of step X Sx: speed index Dx D05.3.3 Control of fixing and washingThe achieved quality of processed film depends partly on the presence of residual thiosulfate in the film emulsion

49、layerswhich may be caused by poor fixing or washing conditions.To evaluate the fixing and washing, the following test shall be performed.Use a test solution of 10 g of silver nitrate and 30 g of acetic acid per litre of destilled water. One drop of the test solution isapplied to a blank part of the processed film. After two minutes the excess fluid is removed. This procedure is repeated onthe other side of the film, opposite to the first spot. The stain obtained is compared with a chart supplied by the