EN ISO 11665-3-2015 en Measurement of radioactivity in the environment - Air radon-222 Part 3 Spot measurement method of the potential alpha energy concentration of its short-lived.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 11665-3:2012Measurement of radioactivityin the environment Air:radon-222Part 3: Spot measurement method of thepotential alpha energy concentration of itsshort-lived decay productsBS EN ISO 11665-3:2015BS EN ISO 11665-3:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis Britis

2、h Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 11665-3:2015. It is identical to ISO 11665-3:2012. It supersedes BS ISO 11665-3:2012, which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee NCE/2, Radiation protection and measurement.A list of organizations rep

3、resented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0

4、 580 88249 4ICS 13.040.01; 17.240Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2012.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected31

5、October 2015 This corrigendum renumbers BS ISO 11665-3:2012 as BS EN ISO 11665-3:2015EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 11665-3 September 2015 ICS 17.240 English Version Measurement of radioactivity in the environment - Air: radon-222 - Part 3: Spot measurement method of the po

6、tential alpha energy concentration of its short-lived decay products (ISO 11665-3:2012) Mesurage de la radioactivit dans lenvironnement - Air: radon 222 - Partie 3: Mthode de mesure ponctuelle de lnergie alpha potentielle volumique de ses descendants vie courte (ISO 11665-3:2012) Ermittlung der Radi

7、oaktivitt in der Umwelt - Luft: Radon-222 - Teil 3: Punktmessverfahren der potenziellen Alpha-Energiekonzentration der kurzlebigen Radon-Folgeprodukte (ISO 11665-3:2012)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 June 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulatio

8、ns which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. T

9、his European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN me

10、mbers are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Port

11、ugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any f

12、orm and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 11665-3:2015 EBS ISO 11665-3:2012ISO 11665-3:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope 12 Normative references . 13 Terms, definitions and symbols 13.1 Terms and definitions

13、. 13.2 Symbols . 24 Principle of the measurement method 35 Equipment . 36 Sampling 46.1 General . 46.2 Sampling objective . 46.3 Sampling characteristics . 46.4 Sampling conditions . 57 Detection method 58 Measurement 58.1 Procedure 58.2 Influence quantities 68.3 Calibration . 69 Expression of resul

14、ts . 79.1 General . 79.2 Potential alpha energy concentration 79.3 Standard uncertainty 79.4 Decision threshold 89.5 Detection limit 89.6 Limits of the confidence interval . 910 Test report . 9Annex A (informative) Examples of gross alpha counting protocols . 11Annex B (informative) Calculation of t

15、he coefficients kj218Po, kj214Pb,and kj214Bi,.12Annex C (informative) Measurement method using gross alpha counting according to the Thomas protocol .16Bibliography .19EN ISO 11665-3:2015 (E) 3 European foreword The text of ISO 11665-3:2012 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 85 “Nuclear

16、 energy, nuclear technologies, and radiological protection” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 11665-3:2015 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 430 “Nuclear energy, nuclear technologies, and radiological protection” the secretariat of which is hel

17、d by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility tha

18、t some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to

19、 implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Ro

20、mania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 11665-3:2012 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 11665-3:2015 without any modification. BS EN ISO 11665-3:2015EN ISO 11665-3:2015 (E)BS ISO 11665-3:2012ISO 11665-3:2012(E) ISO 2012

21、 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope 12 Normative references . 13 Terms, definitions and symbols 13.1 Terms and definitions . 13.2 Symbols . 24 Principle of the measurement method 35 Equipment . 36 Sampling 46.1 General . 46.2 Sampling objective . 46.3 Sampling chara

22、cteristics . 46.4 Sampling conditions . 57 Detection method 58 Measurement 58.1 Procedure 58.2 Influence quantities 68.3 Calibration . 69 Expression of results . 79.1 General . 79.2 Potential alpha energy concentration 79.3 Standard uncertainty 79.4 Decision threshold 89.5 Detection limit 89.6 Limit

23、s of the confidence interval . 910 Test report . 9Annex A (informative) Examples of gross alpha counting protocols . 11Annex B (informative) Calculation of the coefficients kj218Po, kj214Pb,and kj214Bi,.12Annex C (informative) Measurement method using gross alpha counting according to the Thomas pro

24、tocol .16Bibliography .19BS EN ISO 11665-3:2015ISO 11665-3:2012(E)BS ISO 11665-3:2012ISO 11665-3:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normal

25、ly carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the

26、 work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare Int

27、ernational Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of t

28、he elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 11665-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 85, Nuclear energy, nuclear technologies, and radiological protection, Subcommittee SC 2, Radiologi

29、cal protection.ISO 11665 consists of the following parts, under the general title Measurement of radioactivity in the environment Air: radon-222: Part 1: Origins of radon and its short-lived decay products and associated measurement methods Part 2: Integrated measurement method for determining avera

30、ge potential alpha energy concentration of its short-lived decay products Part 3: Spot measurement method of the potential alpha energy concentration of its short-lived decay products Part 4: Integrated measurement method for determining average activity concentration using passive sampling and dela

31、yed analysis Part 5: Continuous measurement method of the activity concentration Part 6: Spot measurement method of the activity concentration Part 7: Accumulation method for estimating surface exhalation rate Part 8: Methodologies for initial and additional investigations in buildingsThe following

32、parts are under preparation: Part 9: Method for determining exhalation rate of dense building materials Part 10: Determination of diffusion coefficient in waterproof materials using activity concentration measurementiv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 11665-3:2012ISO 11665-3:2012(E)IntroductionRad

33、on isotopes 222, 220 and 219 are radioactive gases produced by the disintegration of radium isotopes 226, 224 and 223, which are decay products of uranium-238, thorium-232 and uranium-235 respectively, and are all found in the earths crust. Solid elements, also radioactive, followed by stable lead a

34、re produced by radon disintegration1.When disintegrating, radon emits alpha particles and generates solid decay products, which are also radioactive (polonium, bismuth, lead, etc.). The potential effects on human health of radon lie in its solid decay products rather than the gas itself. Whether or

35、not they are attached to atmospheric aerosols, radon decay products can be inhaled and deposited in the bronchopulmonary tree to varying depths according to their size.Radon is today considered to be the main source of human exposure to natural radiation. The UNSCEAR (2006) report2suggests that, at

36、the worldwide level, radon accounts for around 52 % of global average exposure to natural radiation. The radiological impact of isotope 222 (48 %) is far more significant than isotope 220 (4 %), while isotope 219 is considered negligible. For this reason, references to radon in this part of ISO 1166

37、5 refer only to radon-222.Radon activity concentration can vary by one to multiple orders of magnitude over time and space. Exposure to radon and its decay products varies tremendously from one area to another, as it depends firstly on the amount of radon emitted by the soil and the building materia

38、ls in each area and, secondly, on the degree of containment and weather conditions in the areas where individuals are exposed.Variations of a few nanojoules per cubic metre to several thousand nanojoules per cubic metre are observed in the potential alpha energy concentration of short-lived radon de

39、cay products.The potential alpha energy concentration of short-lived radon-222 decay products in the atmosphere can be measured by spot and integrated measurement methods (see ISO 11665-1 and ISO 11665-2). This part of ISO 11665 deals with spot measurement methods. A spot measurement of the potentia

40、l alpha energy concentration relates to the time when the measurement is taken and has no significance in annual exposure. This type of measurement does not therefore apply when assessing the annual exposure.NOTE The origin of radon-222 and its short-lived decay products in the atmospheric environme

41、nt and other measurement methods are described generally in ISO 11665-1. ISO 2012 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 11665-3:2015ISO 11665-3:2012(E)BS ISO 11665-3:2012ISO 11665-3:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodie

42、s (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,

43、 governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/

44、IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the mem

45、ber bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 11665-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 85, Nuclear energy, n

46、uclear technologies, and radiological protection, Subcommittee SC 2, Radiological protection.ISO 11665 consists of the following parts, under the general title Measurement of radioactivity in the environment Air: radon-222: Part 1: Origins of radon and its short-lived decay products and associated m

47、easurement methods Part 2: Integrated measurement method for determining average potential alpha energy concentration of its short-lived decay products Part 3: Spot measurement method of the potential alpha energy concentration of its short-lived decay products Part 4: Integrated measurement method

48、for determining average activity concentration using passive sampling and delayed analysis Part 5: Continuous measurement method of the activity concentration Part 6: Spot measurement method of the activity concentration Part 7: Accumulation method for estimating surface exhalation rate Part 8: Meth

49、odologies for initial and additional investigations in buildingsThe following parts are under preparation: Part 9: Method for determining exhalation rate of dense building materials Part 10: Determination of diffusion coefficient in waterproof materials using activity concentration measurementiv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 11665-3:2012ISO 11665-3:2012(E)IntroductionRadon isotopes 222, 220 and 219 are radioactive gases produced by the disintegration of radium isotopes 226, 224 and 223, which are decay products of uraniu